Oracle维护常用SQL语句汇总
如何远程判断Oracle数据库的安装平台
查看表空间的使用情况
1、查看表空间的名称及大小
2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小
3、查看回滚段名称及大小
4、查看控制文件
5、查看日志文件
6、查看表空间的使用情况
7、查看数据库库对象
8、查看数据库的版本
9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式
10、如何远程判断Oracle数据库的安装平台
11、查看数据表的参数信息
12、查看还没提交的事务
14、回滚段查看
15、捕捉运行很久的SQL
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16。查看数据表的参数信息
17。查找object为哪些进程所用
18。耗资源的进程(top session)
19。查看锁(lock)情况
根据sid查是哪台电脑的链接
根据sid查对应的sql
20。查看等待(wait)情况
21。查看sga情况
22。查看catched object
23。查看V$SQLAREA
24。查看object分类数量
25。按用户查看object种类
26。有关connection的相关信息
1)查看有哪些用户连接
2)根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况
3)根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql
27.查询表空间使用情况
28. 查询表空间的碎片程度
29。查询有哪些数据库实例在运行
30. 查找oracle性能瓶颈sql
31. 找出最耗资源的sql
要找出最耗资源的sql,我们可以首先使用top等工具,找到最好资源的进程(记住进程号),例如,操作系统进程号为2796,然后根据这个进程号(v$process.spid)在v$process中找到进程地址(v$process.addr),然后根据这个地址在 v$session中找到相应的sid(v$session.sid),然后根据这个sid找到相应的hash alue(v$session. sql_hash_value),然后根据这个hash alue在v$sqltext,$sql,v$sqlarea等视图中找到对应的sql语句(sql_text)。
- select * from v$version;
查看表空间的使用情况
- select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name
- from dba_free_space
- group by tablespace_name;
- SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,
- (B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE"
- FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C
- WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
1、查看表空间的名称及大小
- select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size
- from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d
- where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name
- group by t.tablespace_name;
2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小
- select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,
- round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space
- from dba_data_files
- order by tablespace_name;
3、查看回滚段名称及大小
- select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status,
- (initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent,
- max_extents, v.curext CurExtent
- From dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v
- Where r.segment_id = v.usn(+)
- order by segment_name ;
4、查看控制文件
- select name from v$controlfile;
5、查看日志文件
- select member from v$logfile;
6、查看表空间的使用情况
- select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name
- from dba_free_space
- group by tablespace_name;
- SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,
- (B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE"
- FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C
- WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
7、查看数据库库对象
- select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status;
8、查看数据库的版本
- Select version FROM Product_component_version
- Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle';
9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式
- Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database;
10、如何远程判断Oracle数据库的安装平台
- select * from v$version;
11、查看数据表的参数信息
- SELECT partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name,
- pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent,
- next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase, FREELISTS,
- freelist_groups, LOGGING, BUFFER_POOL, num_rows, blocks,
- empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size,
- last_analyzed
- FROM dba_tab_partitions
- --WHERE table_name = :tname AND table_owner = :towner
- ORDER BY partition_position
12、查看还没提交的事务
- select * from v$locked_object;
- select * from v$transaction;
14、回滚段查看
- select rownum, sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name Name, v$rollstat.extents
- Extents, v$rollstat.rssize Size_in_Bytes, v$rollstat.xacts XActs,
- v$rollstat.gets Gets, v$rollstat.waits Waits, v$rollstat.writes Writes,
- sys.dba_rollback_segs.status status from v$rollstat, sys.dba_rollback_segs,
- v$rollname where v$rollname.name(+) = sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name and
- v$rollstat.usn (+) = v$rollname.usn order by rownum
15、捕捉运行很久的SQL
- column username format a12
- column opname format a16
- column progress format a8
- select username,sid,opname,
- round(sofar*100 / totalwork,0) || '%' as progress,
- time_remaining,sql_text
- from v$session_longops , v$sql
- where time_remaining <> 0
- and sql_address = address
- and sql_hash_value = hash_value
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16。查看数据表的参数信息
- SELECT partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name,
- pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent,
- next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase, FREELISTS,
- freelist_groups, LOGGING, BUFFER_POOL, num_rows, blocks,
- empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size,
- last_analyzed
- FROM dba_tab_partitions
- --WHERE table_name = :tname AND table_owner = :towner
- ORDER BY partition_position
17。查找object为哪些进程所用
- select
- p.spid,
- s.sid,
- s.serial# serial_num,
- s.username user_name,
- a.type object_type,
- s.osuser os_user_name,
- a.owner,
- a.object object_name,
- decode(sign(48 - command),
- 1,
- to_char(command), 'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action,
- p.program oracle_process,
- s.terminal terminal,
- s.program program,
- s.status session_status
- from v$session s, v$access a, v$process p
- where s.paddr = p.addr and
- s.type = 'USER' and
- a.sid = s.sid and
- a.object='SUBSCRIBER_ATTR'
- order by s.username, s.osuser
18。耗资源的进程(top session)
- select s.schemaname schema_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1,
- to_char(command), 'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action, status
- session_status, s.osuser os_user_name, s.sid, p.spid , s.serial# serial_num,
- nvl(s.username, '[Oracle process]') user_name, s.terminal terminal,
- s.program program, st.value criteria_value from v$sesstat st, v$session s , v$process p
- where st.sid = s.sid and st.statistic# = to_number('38') and ('ALL' = 'ALL'
- or s.status = 'ALL') and p.addr = s.paddr order by st.value desc, p.spid asc, s.username asc, s.osuser asc
19。查看锁(lock)情况
- select ls.osuser os_user_name, ls.username user_name,
- decode(ls.type, 'RW', 'Row wait enqueue lock', 'TM', 'DML enqueue lock', 'TX',
- 'Transaction enqueue lock', 'UL', 'User supplied lock') lock_type,
- o.object_name object, decode(ls.lmode, 1, null, 2, 'Row Share', 3,
- 'Row Exclusive', 4, 'Share', 5, 'Share Row Exclusive', 6, 'Exclusive', null)
- lock_mode, o.owner, ls.sid, ls.serial# serial_num, ls.id1, ls.id2
- from sys.dba_objects o, ( select s.osuser, s.username, l.type,
- l.lmode, s.sid, s.serial#, l.id1, l.id2 from v$session s,
- v$lock l where s.sid = l.sid ) ls where o.object_id = ls.id1 and o.owner
- <> 'SYS' order by o.owner, o.object_name
根据sid查是哪台电脑的链接
- column osuser format a15
- column username format a10
- column machine format a30
- select osuser,machine,username,sid,serial# from v$session where sid='128';
根据sid查对应的sql
- select SID,SQL_TEXT from v$open_cursor where SID='128';
20。查看等待(wait)情况
- SELECT v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count count, SUM(v$sysstat.value) sum_value
- FROM v$waitstat, v$sysstat WHERE v$sysstat.name IN ('db block gets',
- 'consistent gets') group by v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count
21。查看sga情况
- SELECT NAME, BYTES FROM SYS.V_$SGASTAT ORDER BY NAME ASC
22。查看catched object
- SELECT owner, name, db_link, namespace,
- type, sharable_mem, loads, executions,
- locks, pins, kept FROM v$db_object_cache
23。查看V$SQLAREA
- SELECT SQL_TEXT, SHARABLE_MEM, PERSISTENT_MEM, RUNTIME_MEM, SORTS,
- VERSION_COUNT, LOADED_VERSIONS, OPEN_VERSIONS, USERS_OPENING, EXECUTIONS,
- USERS_EXECUTING, LOADS, FIRST_LOAD_TIME, INVALIDATIONS, PARSE_CALLS, DISK_READS,
- BUFFER_GETS, ROWS_PROCESSED FROM V$SQLAREA
24。查看object分类数量
- select decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3 , 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 ,
- 'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' ) object_type , count(*) quantity from
- sys.obj$ o where o.type# > 1 group by decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3
- , 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 , 'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' ) union select
- 'COLUMN' , count(*) from sys.col$ union select 'DB LINK' , count(*) from
25。按用户查看object种类
- select u.name schema, sum(decode(o.type#, 1, 1, NULL)) indexes,
- sum(decode(o.type#, 2, 1, NULL)) tables, sum(decode(o.type#, 3, 1, NULL))
- clusters, sum(decode(o.type#, 4, 1, NULL)) views, sum(decode(o.type#, 5, 1,
- NULL)) synonyms, sum(decode(o.type#, 6, 1, NULL)) sequences,
- sum(decode(o.type#, 1, NULL, 2, NULL, 3, NULL, 4, NULL, 5, NULL, 6, NULL, 1))
- others from sys.obj$ o, sys.user$ u where o.type# >= 1 and u.user# =
- o.owner# and u.name <> 'PUBLIC' group by u.name order by
- sys.link$ union select 'CONSTRAINT' , count(*) from sys.con$
26。有关connection的相关信息
1)查看有哪些用户连接
- select s.osuser os_user_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1, to_char(command),
- 'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action, p.program oracle_process,
- status session_status, s.terminal terminal, s.program program,
- s.username user_name, s.fixed_table_sequence activity_meter, '' query,
- 0 memory, 0 max_memory, 0 cpu_usage, s.sid, s.serial# serial_num
- from v$session s, v$process p where s.paddr=p.addr and s.type = 'USER'
- order by s.username, s.osuser
2)根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况
- select n.name,
- v.value,
- n.class,
- n.statistic#
- from v$statname n,
- v$sesstat v
- where v.sid = 71 and
- v.statistic# = n.statistic#
- order by n.class, n.statistic#
3)根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql
- select
- command_type,
- sql_text,
- sharable_mem,
- persistent_mem,
- runtime_mem,
- sorts,
- version_count,
- loaded_versions,
- open_versions,
- users_opening,
- executions,
- users_executing,
- loads,
- first_load_time,
- invalidations,
- parse_calls,
- disk_reads,
- buffer_gets,
- rows_processed,
- sysdate start_time,
- sysdate finish_time,
- '>' || address sql_address,
- 'N' status
- from v$sqlarea
- where address = (select sql_address from v$session where sid = 71)
27.查询表空间使用情况
- select a.tablespace_name "表空间名称",
- 100-round((nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/a.bytes_alloc)*100,2) "占用率(%)",
- round(a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2) "容量(M)",
- round(nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/1024/1024,2) "空闲(M)",
- round((a.bytes_alloc-nvl(b.bytes_free,0))/1024/1024,2) "使用(M)",
- Largest "最大扩展段(M)",
- to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') "采样时间"
- from (select f.tablespace_name,
- sum(f.bytes) bytes_alloc,
- sum(decode(f.autoextensible,'YES',f.maxbytes,'NO',f.bytes)) maxbytes
- from dba_data_files f
- group by tablespace_name) a,
- (select f.tablespace_name,
- sum(f.bytes) bytes_free
- from dba_free_space f
- group by tablespace_name) b,
- (select round(max(ff.length)*16/1024,2) Largest,
- ts.name tablespace_name
- from sys.fet$ ff, sys.file$ tf,sys.ts$ ts
- where ts.ts#=ff.ts# and ff.file#=tf.relfile# and ts.ts#=tf.ts#
- group by ts.name, tf.blocks) c
- where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name and a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name
28. 查询表空间的碎片程度
- select tablespace_name,count(tablespace_name) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name
- having count(tablespace_name)>10;
- alter tablespace name coalesce;
- alter table name deallocate unused;
- create or replace view ts_blocks_v as
- select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'free space' segment_name from dba_free_space
- union all
- select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents;
- select * from ts_blocks_v;
- select tablespace_name,sum(bytes),max(bytes),count(block_id) from dba_free_space
- group by tablespace_name;
29。查询有哪些数据库实例在运行
- select inst_name from v$active_instances;
30. 查找oracle性能瓶颈sql
- select sql_text,spid,v$session.program,process from
- v$sqlarea,v$session,v$process
- where v$sqlarea.address=v$session.sql_address
- and v$sqlarea.hash_value=v$session.sql_hash_value
- and v$session.paddr=v$process.addr
- and v$process.spid in (操作系统PID);
- select sid,event,p1,p1text from v$session_wait;
31. 找出最耗资源的sql
- select * from v$process where spid='2796';
- select sql_hash_value,machine,username,program from v$session where PAddr='63B7A584';
- select * from v$sqltext where hash_value='833203018';
- select * from v$sql where hash_value='833203018';
- select * from v$sqlarea where hash_value='833203018';
- SELECT a.username,a.machine,a.program,a.sid,a.serial#,a.status,c.piece,c.sql_text FROM v$session a,v$process b,v$sqltext c WHERE b.spid='2796' AND b.addr=a.paddr AND a.sql_address=c.address(+) ORDER BY c.piece
- select * from v$process where spid='2796';
- select sql_hash_value,machine,username,program from v$session where PAddr='63B7A584';
- select * from v$sqltext where hash_value='833203018';
- select * from v$sql where hash_value='833203018';
- select * from v$sqlarea where hash_value='833203018';
- SELECT a.username,a.machine,a.program,a.sid,a.serial#,a.status,c.piece,c.sql_text FROM v$session a,v$process b,v$sqltext c WHERE b.spid='2796' AND b.addr=a.paddr AND a.sql_address=c.address(+) ORDER BY c.piece