《中国编程挑战赛－－资格赛》赛题及解答

题目：

You are given a string[] grid representing a rectangular grid of letters. You are also given a string find, a word you are to find within the grid. The starting point may be

anywhere in the grid. The path may move up, down, left, right, or diagonally from one letter to the next, and may use letters in the grid more than once, but you may not stay

on the same cell twice in a row (see example 6 for clarification).
You are to return an int indicating the number of ways find can be found within the grid. If the result is more than 1,000,000,000, return -1.
Definition

Class:
WordPath
Method:
countPaths
Parameters:
string[], string
Returns:
int
Method signature:
int countPaths(string[] grid, string find)
(be sure your method is public)

Constraints
-
grid will contain between 1 and 50 elements, inclusive.
-
Each element of grid will contain between 1 and 50 uppercase ('A'-'Z') letters, inclusive.
-
Each element of grid will contain the same number of characters.
-
find will contain between 1 and 50 uppercase ('A'-'Z') letters, inclusive.
Examples
0)

{"ABC",
 "FED",
 "GHI"}
"ABCDEFGHI"
Returns: 1
There is only one way to trace this path. Each letter is used exactly once.
1)

{"ABC",
 "FED",
 "GAI"}
"ABCDEA"
Returns: 2
Once we get to the 'E', we can choose one of two directions for the final 'A'.
2)

{"ABC",
 "DEF",
 "GHI"}
"ABCD"
Returns: 0
We can trace a path for "ABC", but there's no way to complete a path to the letter 'D'.
3)

{"AA",
 "AA"}
"AAAA"
Returns: 108
We can start from any of the four locations. From each location, we can then move in any of the three possible directions for our second letter, and again for the third and

fourth letter. 4 * 3 * 3 * 3 = 108.
4)

{"ABABA",
 "BABAB",
 "ABABA",
 "BABAB",
 "ABABA"}
"ABABABBA"
Returns: 56448
There are a lot of ways to trace this path.
5)

{"AAAAA",
 "AAAAA",
 "AAAAA",
 "AAAAA",
 "AAAAA"}
"AAAAAAAAAAA"
Returns: -1
There are well over 1,000,000,000 paths that can be traced.
6)

{"AB",
 "CD"}
"AA"
Returns: 0
Since we can't stay on the same cell, we can't trace the path at all.

我的解答：

 1    public class WordPath
 2    {
 3        public int countPaths(string[] grid, string find)
 4        {
 5            int gridWidth=grid[0].Length;//grid的“宽度”
 6            int gridHeight=grid.Length;//grid的“高度”
 7            char[,] gc=new char[gridWidth,gridHeight];//将一维string数组转化为二维char数组
 8            for (int h=0;h<gridHeight;h++)
 9            {
10                for (int w=0;w<gridWidth;w++)
11                {
12                    gc[w,h]=grid[h].ToCharArray()[w];
13                }
14            }
15
16            char[] fc=find.ToCharArray();//将string转化为char数组
17            int count=0;//临时计数器
18
19            for (int x=0;x<gc.GetLength(0);x++)
20            {
21                for (int y=0;y<gc.GetLength(1);y++)
22                {
23                    if (gc[x,y]==fc[0]) next(gc,x,y,fc,1,ref count); //找到第一个对应char后开始搜索相临位置
24                }
25            }
26            return (count>1000000000?-1:count);
27        }//end Mothed countPaths
28
29        private void next(char[,] gc,int x,int y,char[] fc,int index,ref int count)
30        {
31            int xStart=x>0?x-1:x;
32            int xEnd=x<gc.GetLength(0)-1?x+1:x;
33            int yStart=y>0?y-1:y;
34            int yEnd=y<gc.GetLength(1)-1?y+1:y;
35
36            for (int xi=xStart;xi<=xEnd;xi++)
37            {
38                for (int yi=yStart;yi<=yEnd;yi++)
39                {
40                    if ((!(xi==x&&yi==y))&&gc[xi,yi]==fc[index])//在相邻位置找到下一个char
41                    {
42                        if (index==fc.Length-1)//如果已经搜索到最后一个char，计数器加1
43                        {
44                            count++;
45                        }
46                        else
47                        {
48                            if (count<=1000000000) next(gc,xi,yi,fc,index+1,ref count);//下一轮搜索  
49                        }
50                    }
51                }
52            }
53        }//end Method next
54
55    }

希望大家发表更好的答案。