ZooKeeper与Curator注册和监控
Curator提供了对zookeeper客户端的封装,并监控连接状态和会话session,特别是会话session过期后,curator能够重新连接zookeeper,并且创建一个新的session。
对于zk的使用者来说,session的概念至关重要,如果想了解更多session的说明,请访问:http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/trunk/zookeeperProgrammers.html
zk客户端和zk服务器间主要可能存在下面几种异常情况:
1. 短暂失去连接:此时客户端检测到与服务端的连接已经断开,但是服务端维护的客户端session尚未过期,之后客户端和服务端重新建立了连接;当客户端重新连接后,由于session没有过期,zookeeper能够保证连接恢复后保持正常服务。
2. 失去连接时间很长:此时服务器相对于客户端的session已经过期了,与先前session相关的watcher和ephemeral的路径和数据都会消失;当Curator重新创建了与zk的连接后,会获取到session expired异常,Curator会销毁先前的session,并且会创建一个新的session,需要注意的是,与之前session相关的watcher和ephemeral类型的路径和数据在新的session中也不会存在,需要开发者在CuratorFramework.getConnectionStateListenable().addListener()中添加状态监听事件,对ConnectionState.LOST事件进行监听,当session过期后,使得之前的session状态得以恢复。对于ephemeral类型,在客户端应该保持数据的状态,以便及时恢复。
3. 客户端重新启动:不论先前的zk session是否已经过期,都需要重新创建临时节点、添加数据和watch事件,先前的session也会在稍后的一段时间内过期。
4. Zk服务器重新启动:由于zk将session信息存放到了硬盘上,因此重启后,先前未过期的session仍然存在,在zk服务器启动后,客户端与zk服务器创建新的连接,并使用先前的session,与1相同。
5. 需要注意的是,当session过期了,在session过期期间另外的客户端修改了zk的值,那么这个修改在客户端重新连接到zk上时,zk客户端不会接收到这个修改的watch事件(尽管添加了watch),如果需要严格的watch逻辑,就需要在curator的状态监控中添加逻辑。
特别提示:watcher仅仅是一次性的,zookeeper通知了watcher事件后,就会将这个watcher从session中删除,因此,如果想继续监控,就要添加新的watcher。
下面提供了对persistent和ephemeral两种类型节点的监控方法,其中get方法说明了persistent节点如何监控,而register方法说明了ephemeral类型的节点如何监控。
public class CuratorTest {
private CuratorFramework zkTools;
private ConcurrentSkipListSet watchers = newConcurrentSkipListSet();
private static Charset charset = Charset.forName("utf-8");
public CuratorTest() {
zkTools = CuratorFrameworkFactory
.builder()
.connectString("10.11.21.78:12306")
.namespace("zk/test")
.retryPolicy(new RetryNTimes(2000,20000))
.build();
zkTools.start();
}
public void addReconnectionWatcher(final String path,final ZookeeperWatcherType watcherType,final CuratorWatcher watcher){
synchronized (this) {
if(!watchers.contains(watcher.toString()))//不要添加重复的监听事件
{
watchers.add(watcher.toString());
System.out.println("add new watcher " + watcher);
zkTools.getConnectionStateListenable().addListener(newConnectionStateListener() {
@Override
public void stateChanged(CuratorFramework client, ConnectionState newState) {
System.out.println(newState);
if(newState == ConnectionState.LOST){//处理session过期
try{
if(watcherType == ZookeeperWatcherType.EXITS){
zkTools.checkExists().usingWatcher(watcher).forPath(path);
}else if(watcherType == ZookeeperWatcherType.GET_CHILDREN){
zkTools.getChildren().usingWatcher(watcher).forPath(path);
}else if(watcherType == ZookeeperWatcherType.GET_DATA){
zkTools.getData().usingWatcher(watcher).forPath(path);
}else if(watcherType == ZookeeperWatcherType.CREATE_ON_NO_EXITS){
//ephemeral类型的节点session过期了,需要重新创建节点,并且注册监听事件,之后监听事件中,
//会处理create事件,将路径值恢复到先前状态
Stat stat =zkTools.checkExists().usingWatcher(watcher).forPath(path);
if(stat == null){
System.err.println("to create");
zkTools.create()
.creatingParentsIfNeeded()
.withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL)
.withACL(ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE)
.forPath(path);
}
}
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
});
}
}
}
public void create() throws Exception{
zkTools.create()//创建一个路径
.creatingParentsIfNeeded()//如果指定的节点的父节点不存在,递归创建父节点
.withMode(CreateMode.PERSISTENT)//存储类型(临时的还是持久的)
.withACL(ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE)//访问权限
.forPath("zk/test");//创建的路径
}
public void put() throws Exception{
zkTools.//对路径节点赋值
setData().
forPath("zk/test","hello world".getBytes(Charset.forName("utf-8")));
}
public void get() throws Exception{
String path = "zk/test";
ZKWatch watch = new ZKWatch(path);
byte[] buffer = zkTools.
getData().
usingWatcher(watch).forPath(path);
System.out.println(new String(buffer,charset));
//添加session过期的监控
addReconnectionWatcher(path, ZookeeperWatcherType.GET_DATA, watch);
}
public void register() throws Exception{
String ip = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
String registeNode = "zk/register/"+ip;//节点路径
byte[] data = "disable".getBytes(charset);//节点值
CuratorWatcher watcher = new ZKWatchRegister(registeNode,data); //创建一个register watcher
Stat stat = zkTools.checkExists().forPath(registeNode);
if(stat != null){
zkTools.delete().forPath(registeNode);
}
zkTools.create()
.creatingParentsIfNeeded() .withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL)
.withACL(ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE)
.forPath(registeNode,data);//创建的路径和值
//添加到session过期监控事件中
addReconnectionWatcher(registeNode, ZookeeperWatcherType.CREATE_ON_NO_EXITS,watcher);
data = zkTools.getData().usingWatcher(watcher).forPath(registeNode);
System.out.println("get path form zk : "+registeNode+":"+new String(data,charset));
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
CuratorTest test = new CuratorTest();
test.get();
test.register();
Thread.sleep(10000000000L);
}
public class ZKWatch implements CuratorWatcher{
private final String path;
public String getPath() {
return path;
}
public ZKWatch(String path) {
this.path = path;
}
@Override
public void process(WatchedEvent event) throws Exception {
System.out.println(event.getType());
if(event.getType() == EventType.NodeDataChanged){
byte[] data = zkTools.
getData().
usingWatcher(this).forPath(path);
System.out.println(path+":"+new String(data,Charset.forName("utf-8")));
}
}
}
public class ZKWatchRegister implements CuratorWatcher{
private final String path;
private byte[] value;
public String getPath() {
return path;
}
public ZKWatchRegister(String path,byte[] value) {
this.path = path;
this.value = value;
}
@Override
public void process(WatchedEvent event) throws Exception {
System.out.println(event.getType());
if(event.getType() == EventType.NodeDataChanged){
//节点数据改变了,需要记录下来,以便session过期后,能够恢复到先前的数据状态
byte[] data = zkTools.
getData().
usingWatcher(this).forPath(path);
value = data;
System.out.println(path+":"+new String(data,charset));
}else if(event.getType() == EventType.NodeDeleted){
//节点被删除了,需要创建新的节点
System.out.println(path + ":" + path +" has been deleted.");
Stat stat = zkTools.checkExists().usingWatcher(this).forPath(path);
if(stat == null){
zkTools.create()
.creatingParentsIfNeeded()
.withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL)
.withACL(ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE)
.forPath(path);
}
}else if(event.getType() == EventType.NodeCreated){
//节点被创建时,需要添加监听事件(创建可能是由于session过期后,curator的状态监听部分触发的)
System.out.println(path + ":" +" has been created!" + "the current data is " +new String(value));
zkTools.setData().forPath(path, value);
zkTools.getData().usingWatcher(this).forPath(path);
}
}
}
public enum ZookeeperWatcherType{
GET_DATA,GET_CHILDREN,EXITS,CREATE_ON_NO_EXITS
}
}