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设计模式-行为型模式-创建者模式

Introduce:

创建者模式属于创建型模式,其核心思想是将一个复杂对象的构建算法与它的构成部件、组装方式分离,使得构建算法和组装方式可以独立应对变化,那么部件可以被复用,组装方式可以适应不同的变化,不同的构建算法可以得到不一样的结果。创建者模式主要由5部分构成:Abstrct Builder, Concrete Builder, Abstract Product, Concrete Product and Director。

我们可以举个例子,盖房子。房子是Abstract Product,洋房、别墅、茅草屋...具体的Product;工人是Abstract Builder,瓦匠工、木工、打地基的工匠、铺楼板的工匠...具体的Builder,这些工匠都有一技之长,或者好几手绝活,但是要是让他们自己独立盖一幢房子,他们是不知道怎么盖的,他们只能干自己特长的事,但是Director知道怎么盖房子(什么样的房子怎么盖他都会),因为他上过学,纸上的功夫那是刚刚的,但是呢你要让他打地基,他干不了,你要让他搬砖,他说“他会”(程序员不都是搬砖吗),结果被农民工笑掉大牙;有人要盖房,什么样的需求,给Director一说,他就开始吩咐各类工人干活,谁先干(当然是先打地基,旧房改造不需要打地基),谁接着干,这都是有策略的(这里引入策略模式,根据客户的需求去生成对应的产品)。

 

Advantages and Disadvantages

优点:在创建者模式中,客户端不用再负责Product的创建与组装,而是将这个Product的创建过程交给具体的创建者,客户端只负责调用对象,这样就能各司其职,Director就只管怎么设计房子,怎么盖;各类民工只要熟练自己的绝活就行。

缺点:如果不能复用Builder,每个Builder被调用的次数少,每个Product差异大,那么就需要很多Builder,增加了代码的复杂性,如果我对现有的Builder的功能做了修改,也同样会影响其他Product。

下面的Demo我只写了一个Builder,具体环境中可以自己把握,在实际项目中我在用创建者模式的同时也引入了策略模式。

具体产品,可做抽象

package BuilderPattern;

public class Room {
    private String foundation;
    private String window;
    private String door;
    private String floor;
    private String roof;

    public String getFoundation() {
        return foundation;
    }

    public void setFoundation(String foundation) {
        this.foundation = foundation;
    }

    public String getWindow() {
        return window;
    }

    public void setWindow(String window) {
        this.window = window;
    }

    public String getDoor() {
        return door;
    }

    public void setDoor(String door) {
        this.door = door;
    }

    public String getFloor() {
        return floor;
    }

    public void setFloor(String floor) {
        this.floor = floor;
    }

    public String getRoof() {
        return roof;
    }

    public void setRoof(String roof) {
        this.roof = roof;
    }
}

抽象创建者

package BuilderPattern;

public interface IBuilder {
    void buildFoundation();
    void buildWindow();
    void buildDoor();
    void buildFloor();
    void buildRoof();
    Room getRoom();
}

具体创建者

package BuilderPattern;

public class Builder implements IBuilder {
    private Room room;

    public Builder() {
        this.room = new Room();
    }

    @Override
    public void buildFoundation() {
        System.out.println("Build foundation...");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildWindow() {
        System.out.println("Build window...");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildDoor() {
        System.out.println("Build door...");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildFloor() {
        System.out.println("Build floor...");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildRoof() {
        System.out.println("Build roof...");
    }

    @Override
    public Room getRoom() {
        return this.room;
    }

}

Director

package BuilderPattern;

public class Director {
    private IBuilder builder;

    public Director() {}

    public Director(IBuilder builder) {
        this.builder = builder;
    }

    public void orderBuilder() {
        if (null != this.builder) {
            // First build foundation;
            builder.buildFoundation();

            // Second build floor
            builder.buildFloor();

            // Third build door and window
            builder.buildDoor();
            builder.buildWindow();

            // Fourth build roof
            builder.buildRoof();
        }
    }
}

调用

package BuilderPattern;

public class Main {

    public static void execBuilderPattern() {
        System.out.println("Builder Pattern:");
        // Builder implements all build method, while they don't know how to build a room.
        Builder builder = new Builder();

        // Director know how to build a room, but him doesn't know how to work.
        Director director = new Director(builder);
        director.orderBuilder();
        Room room = builder.getRoom();
        System.out.println("End---------------------------");
    }

}

 

posted @ 2016-02-27 16:43  种花生的读书人  阅读(248)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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