2020.1.26笔记——springdatajpa

使用jpa的步骤:

1. 导入maven坐标
	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springDataJpa2</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- junit单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.9</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring end -->

        <!-- hibernate beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- hibernate end -->

        <!-- c3p0 beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- c3p0 end -->

        <!-- log end -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log end -->


        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- el beg 使用spring data jpa 必须引入 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- el end -->
    </dependencies>


</project>
2. 配置springdatajpa的xml文件,就是配置数据库,当项目运行的时候可以正常使用jpa
		<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">

    <!-- 1.dataSource 配置数据库连接池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springdatajpa" />
        <property name="user" value="root" />
        <property name="password" value="root" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 2.配置entityManagerFactory -->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.itcast.entity" />
        <!--jpa的实现厂家-->
        <property name="persistenceProvider">
            <bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider" />
        </property>
        <!--JPA的供应商适配器-->
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <!--配置是否自动创建数据库表-->
                <property name="generateDdl" value="false" />
                <!--指定数据库类型-->
                <property name="database" value="MYSQL" />
                <!--数据库方言,支持的特有语法-->
                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
                <!--是否显示sql语句-->
                <property name="showSql" value="true" />
            </bean>
        </property>
        <!--jpa方言,高级的特性-->
        <property name="jpaDialect">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" />
        </property>
    </bean>


    <!-- 3.事务管理器-->
    <!-- JPA事务管理器  -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 整合spring data jpa-->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="cn.itcast.dao"
                      transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"
                      entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"></jpa:repositories>

    <!-- 4.txAdvice-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- 5.aop-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* cn.itcast.service.*.*(..))" />
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut" />
    </aop:config>

    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast"></context:component-scan>

    <!--组装其它 配置文件-->

</beans>

以上的文档内都有具体的内容解释,故不再赘述;


案例:

  1. 创建客户实体类:

     		package cn.itcast.entity;
     	
     	import javax.persistence.*;
     	
     	/**
     	 * @Created by Intellij IDEA.
     	 * @author: 陈亚萌
     	 * @Date: 2020/1/24
     	 * 实体类和表的映射关系
     	 * @Entity声明实体列
     	 * @Table
     	 * 类中和表中字段的映射关系
     	 * @Id
     	 * @GeneratedValue
     	 * @Column
     	 */
     	@Entity
     	@Table(name = "cst_customer")
     	public class Customer {
     	    @Id
     	    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
     	    @Column(name = "cust_id")
     	    private Long custId;
     	    @Column(name = "cust_name")
     	    private String custName;
     	    @Column(name = "cust_source")
     	    private String custSource;
     	    @Column(name = "cust_level")
     	    private String custLevel;
     	    @Column(name = "cust_industry")
     	    private String custIndustry;
     	    @Column(name = "cust_phone")
     	    private String custPhone;
     	    @Column(name = "cust_address")
     	    private String custAddress;
     	
     	    public Long getCustId() {
     	        return custId;
     	    }
     	
     	    public void setCustId(Long custId) {
     	        this.custId = custId;
     	    }
     	
     	    public String getCustAddress() {
     	        return custAddress;
     	    }
     	
     	    public void setCustAddress(String custAddress) {
     	        this.custAddress = custAddress;
     	    }
     	
     	    public String getCustIndustry() {
     	        return custIndustry;
     	    }
     	
     	    public void setCustIndustry(String custIndustry) {
     	        this.custIndustry = custIndustry;
     	    }
     	
     	    public String getCustLevel() {
     	        return custLevel;
     	    }
     	
     	    public void setCustLevel(String custLevel) {
     	        this.custLevel = custLevel;
     	    }
     	
     	    public String getCustName() {
     	        return custName;
     	    }
     	
     	    public void setCustName(String custName) {
     	        this.custName = custName;
     	    }
     	
     	    public String getCustPhone() {
     	        return custPhone;
     	    }
     	
     	    public void setCustPhone(String custPhone) {
     	        this.custPhone = custPhone;
     	    }
     	
     	    public String getCustSource() {
     	        return custSource;
     	    }
     	
     	    public void setCustSource(String custSource) {
     	        this.custSource = custSource;
     	    }
     	
     	    @Override
     	    public String toString() {
     	        return "Customer{" +
     	                "custId=" + custId +
     	                ", custAddress='" + custAddress + '\'' +
     	                ", custIndustry='" + custIndustry + '\'' +
     	                ", custLevel='" + custLevel + '\'' +
     	                ", custName='" + custName + '\'' +
     	                ", custPhone='" + custPhone + '\'' +
     	                ", custSource='" + custSource + '\'' +
     	                '}';
     	    }
     	}
    

一般来说,注解@Column(name = "cust_id")一般不用加,他会自动根据你的名字来路由表结构的。如果不想写getset方法可以使用lombok中的@Data注解,省去写toString方法和setget方法的时间

2. 创建接口类CustomerDao,必须继承JpaRepository<Customer,Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor,其中

	*1. JpaRepository<操作的实体类类型,实体类中主键属性的类型>
 	*2. JpaSpecificationExecutor<操作的实体类型>
  1. 根据测试类进行测试增删改查:

    一、jpa自己封装的方法:

    测试类的写法,一般在创建Maven项目后,会有test包,然后根据你需要测试的方法来写包,包结构必须一一对应:

    另外,在测试类的上面需要加上注释:

     		//声明spring提供的单元测试
     		@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
     		//指定spring容器的配置信息
     		@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
    
    1. 测试查找,根据id查找:

       @Test
       /**
        * 根据id查询
        */
       public void testFindOne(){
           final Customer one = customerDao.findOne(2L);
           System.out.println(one);
       }
      

test注解必须加上,如果不加会报错。这种是根据jpa自动封装的方法进行查找出来的结果。
2. 测试保存或者更新

		/**
	     * 保存或者更新
	     *      根据传递的对象是否有存在主键id,如果没有主键id,则保存
	     *      如果传递的对象存在主键的属性id,则更新数据
	     */
	    @Test
	    public void saveOne(){
	        Customer customer=new Customer();
	        customer.setCustName("chenyameng111");
	        customer.setCustLevel("vip");
	        customer.setCustIndustry("jiaoyu");
	        final Customer save = customerDao.save(customer);
	        System.out.println(save);
	    }
		@Test
	    /**
	     * 更新按照id
	     */
	    public void updateOne(){
	       Customer customer=new Customer();
	       customer.setCustId(3L);
	       customer.setCustName("陈亚萌111");
	       customerDao.save(customer);
	    }

保存和更新有区别,因为主键设置为自增,所以保存的时候不需要传递id,但是如果你要更新数据的时候,需要进行传递id

3. 删除略

4. 查找所有:

		 /**
	     * 查询所有
	     */
	    @Test
	    public void findAll(){
	        final List<Customer> all = customerDao.findAll();
	        for (Customer customer : all) {
	            System.out.println(customer);
	        }
	    }

查找所有也是使用封装好的方法

5. 查询总数

		@Test
    public void testCount(){
        //查询客户数量
        final long count = customerDao.count();
        System.out.println(count);

    }

6. 判断该条数据是否存在,一般为主键来判断
	  /**
     * 判断id是否存在
     * 可以查询id为4
     * 的用户,如果值为空则不存在
     *
     *      2. 判断数据库中id为4的数量,为0则不存在 若》0
     */
    @Test
    public void testExists(){
        final boolean exists = customerDao.exists(4l);
        System.out.println(exists);
    }

7. **findOne getOne的区别**
		 /**
     * 根据id从数据库中查询
     *  @Transactional:保证getOne正常运行,事务处理
     *  findOne:   em.find();立即加载
     *  getOne:     em.getReference():延迟加载 返回是客户的动态代理对象,什么时候用什么时候查询
     */
    @Test
    @Transactional
    public void testGetOne(){
        final Customer one = customerDao.getOne(4L);
        System.out.println(one);
    }

二、jpql方法<如果想自定义sql语句>:

jpql的存在主要就是为了是jpa更加灵活,比如可以完成模糊查询,按照指定位置更新数据,查询所有等

  1. 根据姓名查找

      @Test
     /**
      * 根据id查询
      */
     public void testFindJpql(){
         final Customer one = customerDao.findJpq("chenyameng");
         System.out.println(one);
     }
    

在CustomerDao中的定义为:

	/**
	     * 根据客户名称查询客户
	     *      使用jpql的形式
	     *      jpql:from Customer where custName = ?
	     *      配置jpql语句:
	     *          @Query
	     */
	    @Query(value = "from Customer where custName = ?")
	    public Customer findJpq(String custName);
  1. 根据id和用户名查找

     @Test
     public void testFindCustNameAndId(){
         final Customer chenyameng = customerDao.findCustNameAndId("chenyameng", 2L);
         System.out.println(chenyameng);
     }
    

在CustomerDao中的定义:

	    /**
	     * 根据客户名称和客户id查询
	     *      jpql:from Customer where custName=? and custId=?
	     *  对于多个占位符参数:
	     *      赋值的时候,默认的情况下,占位符的位置需要和方法参数中的位置保持一致
	     *  对于指定占位符参数的位置:
	     *      ? 索引的方式指定此占位的取值来源
	     */
	    @Query(value = "from Customer where custName=? and custId=?")
	    public Customer findCustNameAndId(String custName,Long custId);
  1. 更新
  2.  	/**
          * 测试jpql的更新
          *      springdatajpa使用jpql完成更新或者删除操作
          *          1. 需要手动添加事务的支持
          *          2. 默认执行结束后,回滚事务
          *              @Rollback(value = false)不会滚
          */
         @Test
         @Transactional
         @Rollback(value = false)
         public void testUpdataCustomer(){
             customerDao.updateCustomer(4L,"111222");
         }
    

CustomerDao:

	 /**
     * 使用jpql完成更新操作
     *      案例: 根据id更新,客户的名称
     *          更新4号客户的名称,将名称改为111222
     *      sql:update cst_customer set cust_name= ? where cust_id =?
     *      jpql: update Customer set custName = ? where custId=?
     * @Query:代表的是进行查询
     *      声明此方法是进行更新操作
     * @Modifying:更新操作
     */
    @Query(value = "update Customer set custName = ?2 where custId=?1")
    @Modifying
    public void updateCustomer(Long custId,String custName);

基本讲解都在代码里。故不再赘述
5. 查找所有 使用mysql或者sql的语法进行查找的时候需要加上nativeQuery=true

	 /**
     * 测试sql查询
     */
    @Test
    public void testListAll(){
        final List<Object[]> sql = customerDao.findSql();
        for (Object[] objects : sql) {
            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));
        }
    }

CustomerDao:

	 /**
	     * 使用sql形式查询
	     *      查询全部的客户
	     *         sql:select * from customer
	     * @Query:配置sql查询
	     *  value:sql语句
	     *  nativeQuery表示是否使用本地查询 true sql false:jpql
	     */
	    @Query(value = "select * from cst_customer",nativeQuery = true)
	    public List<Object [] > findSql();
  1. 使用sql语句进行模糊查询:

      /**
      * 测试sql模糊查询
      */
     @Test
     public void testCondition(){
         final List<Object[]> sql = customerDao.findByCondition("chenyam%");
         for (Object[] objects : sql) {
             System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));
         }
     }
    

CustomerDao:

	@Query(value = "select * from cst_customer where cust_name like ?1",nativeQuery = true)
	List<Object [] > findByCondition(String name);
  1. 根据jpa封装好的方法进行查询:

     @Test
         public void testFindByname(){
             final Customer chenyameng = customerDao.findByCustName("chenyameng");
             System.out.println(chenyameng);
         }
         @Test
         public void testFindCuastNameLike(){
             final Customer chenyameng = customerDao.findByCustNameLike("chenya%");
             System.out.println(chenyameng);
         }
         @Test
         public void testFindCustNameLikeAndIndustry(){
             final List<Customer> customer = customerDao.findByCustNameLikeAndCustIndustry("陈亚萌%", "教育");
             for (Customer customer1 : customer) {
                 System.out.println(customer1);
             }
         }
    

CustomerDao:

	 /**
     * 方法名约定:
     *      findBy:查询
     *          对象中的属性名称,需要首字母大写:查询的条件
     *              CustName:
     *                  * 默认情况下使用的方式查询
     *                      模糊匹配查询:
     *                          1. findBy+属性名称(根据属性名称完成匹配的查询)
     *                          2. findBy+属性名称+“查询方式”(Like|isnull)
     *                                      findByCustNameLike 可以进行模糊查询
     *                          3. 多条件查询
     *                              findBy+属性名+“查询方式” + “多条件的连接符And | Or(select * from c where sss)”+属性名+ “查询方式”
     *          findByCustName:根据客户名称查询
     *      在springdatajpa的运行阶段:会根据方法名称进行解析,findBy from xxx
     *                                                         属性名称    where 。。。
     */

    Customer findByCustName(String custName);

    Customer findByCustNameLike(String name);
    /**
     * 使用客户名模糊匹配和客户所属行业精准匹配的查询
     *
     */
    List<Customer> findByCustNameLikeAndCustIndustry(String name,String industry);

待总结:

  1. 项目内容的全部整理。
  2. jpa最后一部分,分页等内容的总结。
 posted on 2020-01-26 23:11  ben跑的换行符  阅读(132)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报