实验五

实验任务1:

(1)源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 
 4 void input(int x[],int n);
 5 void output(int x[],int n);
 6 void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int *pmin, int *pmax);
 7 
 8 int main(){
 9     int a[N];
10     int min, max;
11     
12     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
13     input(a,N);
14     
15     printf("数据是:\n");
16     output(a,N);
17     
18     printf("数据处理...\n");
19     find_min_max(a,N,&min,&max);
20     
21     printf("输出结果:\n");
22     printf("min = %d, max = %d\n",min,max);
23     
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void input(int x[],int n){
28     int i;
29     
30     for(i=0;i<n;++i)
31         scanf("%d",&x[i]);
32 }
33 
34 void output(int x[],int n){
35     int i;
36     
37     for(i=0;i<n;++i)
38         printf("%d ",x[i]);
39     printf("\n");
40 }
41 
42 void find_min_max(int x[],int n,int *pmin,int *pmax){
43     int i;
44     
45     *pmin=*pmax=x[0];
46     
47     for(i=0;i<n;++i)
48         if(x[i]<*pmin)
49             *pmin=x[i];
50         else if(x[i]>*pmax)
51             *pmax=x[i];
52 }

 

 回答问题:

1.find_min_max的功能是找出最大值max和最小值min

2.指向x[0]所在地址

(2)源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 
 4 void input(int x[],int n);
 5 void output(int x[],int n);
 6 void *find_max(int x[], int n);
 7 
 8 int main(){
 9     int a[N];
10     int *pmax;
11     
12     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
13     input(a,N);
14     
15     printf("数据是:\n");
16     output(a,N);
17     
18     printf("数据处理...\n");
19     pmax=find_max(a,N);
20     
21     printf("输出结果:\n");
22     printf("min = %d\n",*pmax);
23     
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void input(int x[],int n){
28     int i;
29     
30     for(i=0;i<n;++i)
31         scanf("%d",&x[i]);
32 }
33 
34 void output(int x[],int n){
35     int i;
36     
37     for(i=0;i<n;++i)
38         printf("%d ",x[i]);
39     printf("\n");
40 }
41 
42 void *find_max(int x[],int n){
43     int max_index=0;
44     int i;
45     
46     for(i=0;i<n;++i)
47         if(x[i]>x[max_index])
48             max_index = i;
49             
50     return &x[max_index];
51 }

 

 回答问题:

1.返回最大的数据

2.不可以,返回的是地址即元素所在位置,而不是元素

实验任务2:

(1)源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 
 5 int main(){
 6     char s1[N]="Learning makes me happy";
 7     char s2[N]="Learning makes me sleepy";
 8     char tmp[N];
 9     
10     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
11     printf("sizaof(s1) = %d\n",sizeof(s1));
12     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
13     
14     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
15     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
16     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
17     
18     printf("\nswapping...\n");
19     strcpy(tmp, s1);
20     strcpy(s1, s2);
21     strcpy(s2, tmp);
22     
23     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
24     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
25     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
26     
27     return 0;
28 }

 回答问题:

1.数组s1的大小是80字节,sizeof(s1)的计算的是数组s1的字节数,strlen(s1)统计的是s1中的字符数

2.不能,不可以对数组名赋值,需使用strcpy

3.交换了

(2)源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 
 5 int main(){
 6     char *s1="Learning makes me happy";
 7     char *s2="Learning makes me sleepy";
 8     char *tmp;
 9     
10     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
11     printf("sizaof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
12     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
13     
14     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
15     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
16     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
17     
18     printf("\nswapping...\n");
19     tmp = s1;
20     s1 = s2;
21     s2 = tmp;
22     
23     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
24     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
25     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
26     
27     return 0;
28 }

 

回答问题:

1.指针变量s1存放的是字符串常量的首地址,sizeof(s1)计算的是s1本身所占的字节数,strlen(s1)统计的是字符串常量的字符数

2.可以,task2_1.c中的s1是字符数组,task2_2.c中的s1是字符指针

3.交换的是s1与s2指向的地址;没有交换

实验任务3:

源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 
 3 int main(){
 4     int x[2][4] = {{1,9,8,4},{2,0,4,9}};
 5     int i,j;
 6     int *ptr1;
 7     int (*ptr2)[4];
 8     
 9     printf("输出1:使用数组名、下标直接访问二维数组元素\n");
10     for(i=0;i<2;++i){
11         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
12             printf("%d ", x[i][j]);
13         printf("\n");
14     }
15     
16     printf("\n输出2: 使用指针变量ptr1(指向元素)间接访问\n");
17     for (ptr1 = &x[0][0], i = 0; ptr1 < &x[0][0] + 8; ++ptr1, ++i) {
18         printf("%d ", *ptr1);
19         
20         if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0)
21             printf("\n");
22     }
23     
24     printf("\n输出3: 使用指针变量ptr2(指向一维数组)间接访问\n");
25     for (ptr2 = x; ptr2 < x + 2; ++ptr2){
26         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
27             printf("%d ", *(*ptr2 + j));
28         printf("\n");
29     }
30     
31     return 0;
32 }

 回答问题:

int (*ptr)[4]; 中,标识符ptr表示的是指针;int *ptr[4]; 中,标识符ptr表示数组
实验任务4:
源代码:
 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 
 4 void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char);
 5 
 6 int main(){
 7     char text[N] = "Programming is difficult or not, it is a question.";
 8     
 9     printf("原始文本:\n");
10     printf("%s\n", text);
11     
12     replace(text,'i','*');
13     
14     printf("处理后文本: \n");
15     printf("%s\n", text);
16     
17     return 0;
18 }
19 
20 void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char){
21     int i;
22     
23     while(*str) {
24         if(*str == old_char)
25             *str = new_char;
26         str++;
27     }
28 }

 回答问题:

1.函数replace的功能是将old_char替换为new_char

2.可以

实验任务5:

源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 
 4 char *str_trunc(char *str, char x);
 5 
 6 int main() {
 7     char str[N];
 8     char ch;
 9     
10     while(printf("输入字符串: "), gets(str) != NULL){
11         printf("输入一个字符: ");
12         ch = getchar();
13         
14         printf("截断处理...\n");
15         str_trunc(str, ch);
16         
17         printf("截断处理后的字符串: %s\n\n", str);
18         getchar();
19     }
20     
21     return 0;
22 }
23 
24 char *str_trunc(char *str, char x){
25     char *p = str;
26     
27     while (*p!= '\0') {
28         if (*p == x) {
29             *p = '\0';
30             return str;
31         }
32         p++;
33     }
34     return str;
35 }

 

 回答问题:

去掉后不会输出截断处理后的字符串,line18是为了重新输入字符串

实验任务6:

源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 5
 4 
 5 int check_id(char *str); 
 6 
 7 int main()
 8 {
 9     char *pid[N] = {"31010120000721656X",
10                     "3301061996X0203301",
11                     "53010220051126571",
12                     "510104199211197977",
13                     "53010220051126133Y"};
14     int i;
15 
16     for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
17         if (check_id(pid[i])) 
18             printf("%s\tTrue\n", pid[i]);
19         else
20             printf("%s\tFalse\n", pid[i]);
21 
22     return 0;
23 }
24 
25 int check_id(char *str) {
26     int s=0;
27     while(str[s]!='\0'){
28         s++;
29     }
30     if(s!=18)
31         return 0;
32         
33     int i;
34     for(i=0;i<17;i++){
35         if(str[i]<'0'||str[i]>'9')
36            return 0;
37     }
38     if(str[17]>='0'&&str[17]<='9') 
39         return 1;
40     else if(str[17]=='X')
41         return 1;
42     else
43         return 0;
44 }

 实验任务7:

源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 void encoder(char *str, int n); 
 4 void decoder(char *str, int n); 
 5 
 6 int main(){
 7     char words[N];
 8     int n;
 9     
10     printf("输入英文文本: ");
11     gets(words);
12     
13     printf("输入n: ");
14     scanf("%d", &n);
15     
16     printf("编码后的英文文本: ");
17     encoder(words, n);
18     printf("%s\n", words);
19     
20     printf("对编码后的英文文本解码: ");
21     decoder(words, n);
22     printf("%s\n", words);
23     
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void encoder(char *str, int n){
28     while(*str){
29         if ((*str>='a'&&*str<='z')||(*str >= 'A' && *str <= 'Z')){
30             if (*str >= 'a'&&*str <= 'z'){
31                 *str = (*str - 'a' + n) % 26 + 'a';
32             } else {
33                 *str = (*str - 'A' + n) % 26 + 'A';
34             }
35         }
36         str++;
37     }
38 }
39 
40 void decoder(char *str, int n){
41     while (*str) {
42         if ((*str >= 'a'&&*str <= 'z')||(*str >= 'A'&&*str <= 'Z')){
43             if (*str >= 'a'&&*str <= 'z'){
44                 *str = (*str - 'a' - n + 26) % 26 + 'a';
45             } else {
46                 *str = (*str - 'A' - n + 26) % 26 + 'A';
47             }
48         }
49         str++;
50     }
51 }

 

 试验任务8:

源代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 
 4 void bubble_sort(char *x[], int n) {
 5     int i, j;
 6     char *t;
 7     for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
 8         for (j = 0; j < n - i - 1; j++) {
 9             if (strcmp(x[j], x[j + 1]) > 0) {
10                 t = x[j];
11                 x[j] = x[j + 1];
12                 x[j + 1] = t;
13             }
14         }
15     }
16 }
17 
18 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
19     int i;
20     char *name[argc];
21     for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
22         name[i - 1] = argv[i];
23     bubble_sort(name, argc - 1);
24     for (i = 0; i < argc - 1; i++)
25         printf("hello, %s\n", name[i]);
26     return 0;
27 }

 

posted @ 2024-12-08 20:02  雅ya  阅读(1)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报