SQL系列交叉报表

我们将用下图研究报表：


1、简单报表操作：

上表经过下列运算后可产生：

SELECT [Year], Q1=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=1 THEN Quantity END), Q2=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=2 THEN Quantity END), Q3=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=3 THEN Quantity END), Q4=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=4 THEN Quantity END) FROM tb GROUP BY [Year]
补充：除了SUM外，也可以用其他常用聚合函数例如AVG、MIN、SUM、STDEV、COUNT、STDEVP、VAR、GROUPING 、VARP、MAX 
再次补充：
STDEV  返回给定表达式中所有值的统计标准偏差。
STDEVP 返回给定表达式中所有值的填充统计标准偏差。

VAR    返回给定表达式中所有值的统计方差。
VARP   返回给定表达式中所有值的填充统计方差。
注意：以上聚合函数 都只能用于数字列
GROUPING  常和CUBE和ROLLUP结合使用 如果是附加列输出1否则输出0
2、涉及多列的交叉报表

SQL语句：

SELECT [Year], Q1_Quantity=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=1 THEN Quantity END), Q1_Price=CAST(AVG(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=1 THEN Quantity END) AS DECIMAL(10,2)), Q1_Money=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=1 THEN CAST(Quantity*Price AS DECIMAL(10,2)) END), Q2_Quantity=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=2 THEN Quantity END), Q2_Price=CAST(AVG(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=2 THEN Quantity END) AS DECIMAL(10,2)), Q2_Money=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=2 THEN CAST(Quantity*Price AS DECIMAL(10,2)) END), Q3_Quantity=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=3 THEN Quantity END), Q3_Price=CAST(AVG(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=3 THEN Quantity END) AS DECIMAL(10,2)), Q3_Money=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=3 THEN CAST(Quantity*Price AS DECIMAL(10,2)) END), Q4_Quantity=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=4 THEN Quantity END), Q4_Price=CAST(AVG(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=4 THEN Quantity END) AS DECIMAL(10,2)), Q4_Money=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]=4 THEN CAST(Quantity*Price AS DECIMAL(10,2)) END) FROM tb GRO<span style="color: #ff0000">UP BY [Year] </span>

3、动态生成交叉报表的列：
这次生成的图表如上图 SQL可写作：

DECLARE @S NVARCHAR(4000) SET @S='' SELECT @S=@S+' Q'+CAST([Quarter] AS NVARCHAR)+'_Quantity=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]='+CAST([Quarter] AS NVARCHAR)+' THEN Quantity END), Q'+CAST([Quarter] AS NVARCHAR)+'_Price=CAST(AVG(CASE WHEN [Quarter]='+ CAST([Quarter] AS NVARCHAR) +' THEN Quantity END) AS DECIMAL(10,2)), Q'+CAST([Quarter] AS NVARCHAR)+'_Money=SUM(CASE WHEN [Quarter]='+ CAST([Quarter] AS NVARCHAR) +' THEN CAST(Quantity*Price AS DECIMAL(10,2)) END),' FROM tb GROUP BY [Quarter] SET @S='SELECT [Year],'+ SUBSTRING(@S,1,LEN(@S)-1)+' FROM tb GROUP BY [Year]' EXEC(@S)