SpringBoot自动装配解析

@SpringBootApplication 其实是一个组合注解  点进去可以看到三个比较重要的注解为SpringBootConfiguration、EnableAutoConfiguration、ComponentScan

    @SpringBootConfiguration //标明是一个配置类
    @EnableAutoConfiguration //开启自动配置
    @ComponentScan(          //扫描启动类所在的包
            excludeFilters = {@ComponentScan.Filter(
                    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
                    classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}
            ), @ComponentScan.Filter(
                    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
                    classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class}
            )}
    )

@EnableAutoConfiguration也是一个派生注解,其中的关键功能由@Import提供 其导入的AutoConfigurationImportSelector的selectImports()方法通过SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames()扫描所有具有META-INF/spring.factories的jar包。spring-boot-autoconfigure-x.x.x.x.jar里就有一个这样的spring.factories文件。

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})//这一步是关键通过@Import注解将AutoConfigurationImportSelector注入到ioc容器中
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
    String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration";

    Class<?>[] exclude() default {};

    String[] excludeName() default {};
}

 这个@EnableAutoConfiguration注解通过@SpringBootApplication被间接的标记在了Spring Boot的启动类上。在SpringApplication.run(...)的内部就会执行selectImports()方法,找到所有JavaConfig自动配置类的全限定名对应的class,然后将所有自动配置类加载到Spring容器中。通过类跟踪可以看到最终调用方法如下

private static Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
        MultiValueMap<String, String> result = (MultiValueMap)cache.get(classLoader);
        if (result != null) {
            return result;
        } else {
            try {
                Enumeration<URL> urls = classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources("META-INF/spring.factories") : ClassLoader.getSystemResources("META-INF/spring.factories");
                LinkedMultiValueMap result = new LinkedMultiValueMap();

                while(urls.hasMoreElements()) {
                    URL url = (URL)urls.nextElement();
                    UrlResource resource = new UrlResource(url);
                    Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
                    Iterator var6 = properties.entrySet().iterator();

                    while(var6.hasNext()) {
                        Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry)var6.next();
                        String factoryClassName = ((String)entry.getKey()).trim();
                        String[] var9 = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String)entry.getValue());
                        int var10 = var9.length;

                        for(int var11 = 0; var11 < var10; ++var11) {
                            String factoryName = var9[var11];
                            result.add(factoryClassName, factoryName.trim());
                        }
                    }
                }

                cache.put(classLoader, result);
                return result;
            } catch (IOException var13) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load factories from location [META-INF/spring.factories]", var13);
            }
        }
    }

简述:

自动装配就是根据EnableAutoConfiguration注解加载meta-info/spring.factories配置文件中所有自动配置类,并对其进行加载。而这些自动配置类都是以AutoConfiguration结尾来命名的,它实际上就是一个JavaConfig形式的Spring容器配置类,它能通过以Properties结尾命名的类中取得在全局配置文件中配置的属性如:server.port,而XxxxProperties类是通过@ConfigurationProperties注解与全局配置文件中对应的属性进行绑定的。

 

posted @ 2020-09-23 11:16  不二尘  阅读(389)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报