Spring Boot SOAP Webservice例子

前言

本文将学习如何利用Spring boot快速创建SOAP webservice服务;

虽然目前REST和微服务越来越流行,但是SOAP在某些情况下,仍然有它的用武之地;

在本篇 spring boot SOAP教程中,我们会专注于和Spring boot相关的配置,感受下在Spring Boot中,创建SOAP webservice是如何的简便、快速;

本文将以一个"学生搜索"这个小功能作为示例,演示Spring Boot中SOAP webservice的创建过程;

技术栈

  • JDK 1.8, Eclipse, Maven – 开发环境
  • Spring-boot – 基础开发框架
  • wsdl4j – 发布WSDL
  • SOAP-UI – 测试服务
  • JAXB maven plugin - 代码生成

工程结构

本工程的代码及文件目录结构如下
file

创建Spring Boot工程

访问 SPRING INITIALIZR网站,添加Web Services依赖,输入maven的GAV 坐标,点击下载工程,下载完成后解压导入IDE即可;
file
修改pom.xml文件,添加Wsdl4j依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>wsdl4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>wsdl4j</artifactId>
</dependency>

创建SOAP Domain模型并生成Java代码

首先,我们需要给我们的服务创建domain(方法和参数),出于简便考虑,我将请求和响应放在了同一个XSD文件里,不过在实际应用开发的时候,通常需要放到多个XSD文件里;

创建student.xsd文件,并放到我们工程的resources 目录下
student.xsd

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:tns="http://www.howtodoinjava.com/xml/school"
targetNamespace="http://www.howtodoinjava.com/xml/school" elementFormDefault="qualified">
 
    <xs:element name="StudentDetailsRequest">
        <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/>
            </xs:sequence>
        </xs:complexType>
    </xs:element>
 
    <xs:element name="StudentDetailsResponse">
        <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element name="Student" type="tns:Student"/>
            </xs:sequence>
        </xs:complexType>
    </xs:element>
 
    <xs:complexType name="Student">
        <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/>
            <xs:element name="standard" type="xs:int"/>
            <xs:element name="address" type="xs:string"/>
        </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
     
</xs:schema>

添加JAXB maven插件用于生成代码

我们将使用jaxb2-maven-plugin来高效的生成domain代码,首先需要在pom.xml文件添加以下插件配置代码:

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb2-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>1.6</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>xjc</id>
            <goals>
                <goal>xjc</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
    <configuration>
        <schemaDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/</schemaDirectory>
        <outputDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/java</outputDirectory>
        <clearOutputDir>false</clearOutputDir>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

该插件将使用 XJC工具作为代码生成引擎,XJC能将XML schema 文件转成带注解的代码;
现在,我们就可以执行以上插件生成代码了;

创建SOAP Webservice Endpoint

StudentEndpoint类会处理所有访问该服务的请求,并委派给StudentRepository去处理,具体代码如下:

package com.example.howtodoinjava.springbootsoapservice;
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.ws.server.endpoint.annotation.Endpoint;
import org.springframework.ws.server.endpoint.annotation.PayloadRoot;
import org.springframework.ws.server.endpoint.annotation.RequestPayload;
import org.springframework.ws.server.endpoint.annotation.ResponsePayload;
import com.howtodoinjava.xml.school.StudentDetailsRequest;
import com.howtodoinjava.xml.school.StudentDetailsResponse;
 
@Endpoint
public class StudentEndpoint
{
    private static final String NAMESPACE_URI = "http://www.howtodoinjava.com/xml/school";
 
    private StudentRepository StudentRepository;
 
    @Autowired
    public StudentEndpoint(StudentRepository StudentRepository) {
        this.StudentRepository = StudentRepository;
    }
 
    @PayloadRoot(namespace = NAMESPACE_URI, localPart = "StudentDetailsRequest")
    @ResponsePayload
    public StudentDetailsResponse getStudent(@RequestPayload StudentDetailsRequest request) {
        StudentDetailsResponse response = new StudentDetailsResponse();
        response.setStudent(StudentRepository.findStudent(request.getName()));
 
        return response;
    }
}

对上面的几个注解做个简单说明(可以和Spring MVC的Controller做个类比,有点相似):

  1. @Endpoint 声明用于处理SOAP消息
  2. @PayloadRoot 根据namespace和localPart映射对应的处理方法
  3. @RequestPayload 声明进来的消息将会与该方法的参数映射
  4. @ResponsePayload 方法返回值的映射

创建Data Repository

出于简便考虑,我们将直接在代码里初始化相关数据,代码如下:
创建StudentRepository.java,加上@Repository注解,添加findStudent()方法:

package com.example.howtodoinjava.springbootsoapservice;
 
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import com.howtodoinjava.xml.school.Student;
 
@Component
public class StudentRepository {
    private static final Map<String, Student> students = new HashMap<>();
 
    @PostConstruct
    public void initData() {
         
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setName("Sajal");
        student.setStandard(5);
        student.setAddress("Pune");
        students.put(student.getName(), student);
         
        student = new Student();
        student.setName("Kajal");
        student.setStandard(5);
        student.setAddress("Chicago");
        students.put(student.getName(), student);
         
        student = new Student();
        student.setName("Lokesh");
        student.setStandard(6);
        student.setAddress("Delhi");
        students.put(student.getName(), student);
         
        student = new Student();
        student.setName("Sukesh");
        student.setStandard(7);
        student.setAddress("Noida");
        students.put(student.getName(), student);
    }
 
    public Student findStudent(String name) {
        Assert.notNull(name, "The Student's name must not be null");
        return students.get(name);
    }
}

添加SOAP Webservice 配置

添加一个带 @Configuration注解的配置类:

package com.example.howtodoinjava.springbootsoapservice;
 
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.ws.config.annotation.EnableWs;
import org.springframework.ws.config.annotation.WsConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.ws.transport.http.MessageDispatcherServlet;
import org.springframework.ws.wsdl.wsdl11.DefaultWsdl11Definition;
import org.springframework.xml.xsd.SimpleXsdSchema;
import org.springframework.xml.xsd.XsdSchema;
 
@EnableWs
@Configuration
public class Config extends WsConfigurerAdapter
{
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean messageDispatcherServlet(ApplicationContext applicationContext)
    {
        MessageDispatcherServlet servlet = new MessageDispatcherServlet();
        servlet.setApplicationContext(applicationContext);
        servlet.setTransformWsdlLocations(true);
        return new ServletRegistrationBean(servlet, "/service/*");
    }
 
    @Bean(name = "studentDetailsWsdl")
    public DefaultWsdl11Definition defaultWsdl11Definition(XsdSchema countriesSchema)
    {
        DefaultWsdl11Definition wsdl11Definition = new DefaultWsdl11Definition();
        wsdl11Definition.setPortTypeName("StudentDetailsPort");
        wsdl11Definition.setLocationUri("/service/student-details");
        wsdl11Definition.setTargetNamespace("http://www.howtodoinjava.com/xml/school");
        wsdl11Definition.setSchema(countriesSchema);
        return wsdl11Definition;
    }
 
    @Bean
    public XsdSchema countriesSchema()
    {
        return new SimpleXsdSchema(new ClassPathResource("school.xsd"));
    }
}
  • 该类继承了WsConfigurerAdapter类配置了注解驱动的 Spring-WS编程模式;
  • MessageDispatcherServlet - Spring-WS使用该类处理SOAP 请求,我们需要把该Servlet注入ApplicationContext ,以便Spring-WS能找到其它Bean;
  • DefaultWsdl11Definition 使用XsdSchema暴露了一个标准的的WSDL 1.1,bean的名字studentDetailsWsdl 将会作为wsdl 暴露出去的名称,我们可以通过http://localhost:8080/service/studentDetailsWsdl.wsdl路径访问;

Spring boot SOAP webservice例子演示

使用mvn clean install maven命名构建工程,并使用java -jar target\spring-boot-soap-service-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar命令启动应用;

执行完以上操作后,将会以默认的8080端口启动一个tomcat服务,本应用将部署在该服务里;

现在我们可以访问http://localhost:8080/service/studentDetailsWsdl.wsdl路径,确认wsdl是否是正确的:
file

如果我们的wsdl没问题的话,我们可以使用该WSDL 在SOAP ui 里创建一个工程,并测试该应用,请求和响应示例如下:
请求:

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:sch="http://www.howtodoinjava.com/xml/school">
   <soapenv:Header/>
   <soapenv:Body>
      <sch:StudentDetailsRequest>
         <sch:name>Sajal</sch:name>
      </sch:StudentDetailsRequest>
   </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

响应

<SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
   <SOAP-ENV:Header/>
   <SOAP-ENV:Body>
      <ns2:StudentDetailsResponse xmlns:ns2="http://www.howtodoinjava.com/xml/school">
         <ns2:Student>
            <ns2:name>Sajal</ns2:name>
            <ns2:standard>5</ns2:standard>
            <ns2:address>Pune</ns2:address>
         </ns2:Student>
      </ns2:StudentDetailsResponse>
   </SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

file

总结

本文学习了如何使用Spring Boot创建SOAP webservice,同时也学习了如何利用wsdl生成代码,以及Spring-WS如何处理SOAP 请求

posted @ 2018-10-14 12:36  风一样的码农  阅读(24036)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报