GUI编程

目录

• GUI概述
• AWT
  • AWT概述
  • 组件和容器
  • Frame
  • 面板Panel
  • 布局管理器
  • 练习
  • 事件监听
  • 输入框事件监听
  • 简易计算器
  • 画笔
  • 鼠标监听
  • 窗口监听
  • 键盘监听
• Swing
  • JFrame窗体
  • JDialog弹窗
  • Icon标签
  • 文本域JScroll面板
  • 图片按钮、单选项、多选框
  • 下拉框、列表框
  • 文本框、密码框、文本域
• 实战演练：贪吃蛇

GUI概述

GUI（Graphics User Interface），中文名称为图形用户界面，是指采用图形方式显示的计算机操作用户界面，是计算机与其使用者之间的对话接口，是计算机系统的重要组成部分。

组件

• 窗口
• 弹出
• 面板
• 文本框
• 列表框
• 按钮
• 图片
• 监听事件
• 鼠标事件
• 键盘事件

核心技术

• Swing
• AWT

AWT

AWT概述

1. 包含了很多类和接口！

2. 元素：窗口，按钮，文本框

3. java.awt

   

组件和容器

Frame

演示1：frame

package gui;

import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Frame
        Frame frame = new Frame("图形界面");

        //设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);

        //设置背景颜色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(255, 255, 255));

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);

        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}

演示2：展示多个窗口

package gui;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口
        Myframe myframe1 = new Myframe(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.white);
        Myframe myframe2 = new Myframe(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.black);
        Myframe myframe3 = new Myframe(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
        Myframe myframe4 = new Myframe(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.pink);
    }
}

class Myframe extends Frame {
    static  int id = 0; //可能存在多个窗口，我们需要一个计数器

    public Myframe(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
        super("Myframe"+(++id));

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(x, y, w, h);
        setBackground(color);
    }

}

面板Panel

面板

package gui;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel  可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Frame
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标    颜色
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(255,255,255));

        //panel设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(191, 160, 238));

        //把panel放入frame中。故，frame中添加一个panel
        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件     System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                super.windowOpened(e);
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

布局管理器

• 流式布局
• 东南西北中
• 表格布局

演示：流式布局

package gui;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        //设置为流式布局
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEADING));

        frame.setSize(200,200);

        //把按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

演示：东南西北中

package gui;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("新的窗口");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(200,200);

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

演示：网格布局

package gui;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("新的窗口");

        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        Button button4 = new Button("button4");
        Button button5 = new Button("button5");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));

        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.add(button4);
        frame.add(button5);
        frame.pack();//Java函数，自动布局！

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

练习

演示

package gui;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setSize(400,300);
        frame.setLocation(400,300);
        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));


        //四个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));

        //上面
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //下面
        p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        
        /*p4.add(new Button("p4-btn-1"));
        p4.add(new Button("p4-btn-2"));
        p4.add(new Button("p4-btn-3"));
        p4.add(new Button("p4-btn-4"));*/

        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("for-"+i));
        }
        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);


    }
}

小结

• Frame是一个顶级窗口
• Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中
• 布局管理器
  • 流式布局
  • 东西南北中布局
  • 网格
• 大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性

事件监听

• 什么叫事件监听?你在电脑上设置个按钮,通过点击按钮来反馈里面所显示出来的信息。这就叫事件监听。

• 事件监听概念:通过某一事物源对象(当某种事件发生时),然后向监听器传送某种事件对象,监听器里面封装了某种事件信息,接到事件对象后进行某种处理,这就是事件监听。

演示：事件监听1

package gui;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestAction {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，触发一些事件
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的窗口");
        frame.setLocation(500,500);
        Button button = new Button("button");

        //因为，addActionListener需要一个ActionListener，所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);

        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        windowClose(frame);//关闭窗口
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

演示：事件监听2

package gui;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestAction2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮，实现同一个监听
        //开始  停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");

        //可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认的值！
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");

        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.pack();

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //获得按钮的信息
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了"+e.getActionCommand());

    }
}

输入框事件监听

演示：textFiled

package gui;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动！
        new MyFrame1();
    }
}

class MyFrame1 extends Frame{
    //构造方法
    public MyFrame1(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);

        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyMonitor1 myMonitor1 = new MyMonitor1();
        //按下enter   就会触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myMonitor1);

        //设置替换编码
        //textField.setColumns('*');
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}

class MyMonitor1 implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //获得按钮的信息
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得资源,返回的一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框的文本
        field.setText("");//null
    }
}

简易计算器

演示1：计算器

package gui;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();

    }
}

//计算器类
class  Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator()  {
        //3个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num3= new TextField(20);//字符数
        //1个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1 ,num2,num3 ));//监听
        //1个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();   
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听器类
class  MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;//需要在这也写这个
    public MyCalculatorListener( TextField num1, TextField num2, TextField num3){
        this.num1=num1; 
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        int n1=  Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());//将字符串类型转换为int类型
        int n2=  Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
        //2.将这个值加法运算后放入第三个框中
       num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
  
        //3.清除前两个框的内容
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");


    }
}

演示2：计算器，面向对象

package gui;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {

    //属性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame() {

        //3个文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数

        //1个按钮，添加监听事件
        //1个标签
        //布局
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));

        Label label = new Label("+");

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取计算器这个变量,在一个类中组合另外一个类
    Calculator calculator = null;
    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        //2.将这个值加法运算后,放到第三个运算框
        //3.清除前两个框
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());

        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");

    }
}

演示3：计算器，内部类

package gui;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {

    //属性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame() {

        //3个文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数

        //1个按钮，添加监听事件
        //1个标签
        //布局
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());

        Label label = new Label("+");

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //监听器类
    private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{

        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1.获得加数和被加数
            //2.将这个值加法运算后,放到第三个运算框
            //3.清除前两个框
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");

        }
    }
}

画笔

演示：画笔

package gui;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame {

    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(600,300,600,500);
        setVisible(true);
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画笔，需要颜色，画笔可以画画
        g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
        g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
        g.fillOval(350,350,100,100);

        g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        g.fillRect(200,200,100,200);

        //画笔用完，还原到最初的颜色
        
    }
}

鼠标监听

演示：鼠标画画

package gui;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }

}

class  MyFrame extends Frame {
    //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储画出来的东西
    ArrayList points;

    public MyFrame(String title) {
        super(title);
        setBounds(600, 300, 600, 500);

        //存储鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();
        setVisible(true);
        //鼠标监听器，针对窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());

    }

    //画画需要重写画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画、需要监听鼠标事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.red);
            g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);
        }
    }
    //添加点到界面上
    public  void addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);

    }


    //适配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //鼠标按下 弹起  按住不放

        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //这里我们点击的时候，就会在界面上产生一个点-->画
            frame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(), e.getY()));
            //这个点就是鼠标的点

            //每次点击鼠标 都需要重写画一遍
            frame.repaint();//刷新
        }
    }

}

窗口监听

演示：窗口监听

package gui;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}

class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        setBounds(600,300,600,500);
        setVisible(true);
        //addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());

        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //匿名内部类
            @Override
            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("windowActivated");
            }

            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("windowClosing");


            }
        });
    }
}

键盘监听

演示：键盘监听

package gui;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}

class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(600,300,600,500);
        setVisible(true);

        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //键盘按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //键盘按下的键是哪一个，当前键盘的码
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

Swing

JFrame窗体

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo extends JFrame{

    //初始化
    public void init(){
        //顶级窗口
        JFrame jframe = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
        jframe.setVisible(true);
        jframe.setBounds(600,300,600,500);
        jframe.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

        //设置文字
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("欢迎来到Java世界！",SwingConstants.CENTER);
        jframe.add(jLabel);

        //容器实例化
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

        //关闭事件
        jframe.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

JDialog弹窗

演示：弹窗

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {

    public DialogDemo(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(600,300,600,500);

        //JFrame 放东西，需要容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        contentPane.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");
        jButton.setBounds(180,150,200,50);

        //点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗
        jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });

        contentPane.add(jButton);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}

//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(600,300,100,70);


        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        Component java = contentPane.add(new Label("java"));
    }
}

Icon标签

Icon标签

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标，需要实现类，Frame集成
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {


    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo(){}//无参构造

    public IconDemo(int width,int height){//有参构造
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签上，也可以放在按钮上！
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("Icon", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(jLabel);

        setVisible(true);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return height;
    }
}

文本域JScroll面板

演示：JPanel

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo(){
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面参数的意思是间距

        JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
        JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,3));

        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));

        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));

        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));

        container.add(jPanel1);
        container.add(jPanel2);
        container.add(jPanel3);
        container.add(jPanel4);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

演示：JScrollPanel

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container container = getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
        textArea.setText("欢迎来到Java世界");
        container.add(textArea);

        //面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(600,300,600,300);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

图片按钮、单选项、多选框

演示：图片按钮

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo() {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        //讲一个图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("tour.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        //add
        container.add(button);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(600,300,600,500);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

演示：单选框

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo() {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        //讲一个图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("tour.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
        JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
        JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");

        //由于单选框只能选择一个，分组,一个组只能选择一个
        ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
        buttonGroup.add(radioButton1);
        buttonGroup.add(radioButton2);
        buttonGroup.add(radioButton3);

        //add
        container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(600,300,600,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

演示：多选框

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo() {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        //讲一个图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("tour.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //多选框
        JCheckBox jCheckBox1 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox1");
        JCheckBox jCheckBox2 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox2");

        container.add(jCheckBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(jCheckBox2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(600,300,600,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

下拉框、列表框

演示：下拉框

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo extends JFrame {

    public TestComboboxDemo() {

        Container container = getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
        status.addItem (null);
        status.addItem ("正在热映");
        status.addItem ("已下架");
        status.addItem ("即将上映");

        container.add (status);


        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(600,300,500,400);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

    }
}

演示：列表框

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo extends JFrame {

    public TestComboboxDemo() {

        Container container = getContentPane();

        //生成列表的内容
        String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
        //列表中需要放入内容
        JList jList = new JList(contents);

        container.add(jList);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(600,300,500,400);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo ();
    }
}

文本框、密码框、文本域

演示：文本框

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo() {

        Container container = getContentPane();

        JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField ("hello");
        JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField ("world",20);

        container.add (jTextField1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add (jTextField2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(600,300,500,400);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo();
    }
}

演示：密码框

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo() {

        Container container = getContentPane();

        JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField ();//默认为****
        jPasswordField.setEchoChar('*');
        container.add (jPasswordField);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(600,300,500,400);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo();
    }
}

演示：文本域

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo() {

        Container container = getContentPane();

        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea (20, 50);
        textArea.setText ("欢迎来到Java世界！");

        //Scroll
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add (scrollPane);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(600,300,500,400);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo();
    }
}

实战演练：贪吃蛇

StartGame.java

package snake;

import javax.swing.*;

//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();
        frame.add(new GamePanel());

        frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
        frame.setResizable(false);//窗口大小不可变
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //正常游戏界面应该在面板上！
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

Data.java

package snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class Data {
    //绝对路径
    //头
    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/header5.png");
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);

    //上下左右
    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);

    //身体
    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);

    //食物
    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}

GamePanel.java

package snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

//游戏的面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {

    //定义蛇的数据结构
    int length;//蛇的长度
    int[] snakeX = new int[600];//蛇的X坐标 25*25
    int[] snakeY = new int[500];//蛇的Y坐标 25*25
    String direction;

    //食物的坐标
    int foodx;
    int foody;
    Random random = new Random();

    int score;//游戏成绩

    //游戏当前的状态:开始    停止
    boolean isStart = false;//默认是没开始的

    //游戏失败的机制
    boolean isFail = false;//游戏失败，默认是不失败的

    //定时器   以毫秒为单位  1000ms=1s
    Timer timer =  new Timer(100,this);//100毫秒执行一次

    //构造器
    public GamePanel() {
        init();
        //获得焦点和键盘事件
        this.setFocusable(true);//获得焦点事件
        this.addKeyListener(this);//获得键盘监听事件
        timer.start();//游戏一开始，定时器就启动
    }

    //初始化方法
    public void init(){
        length= 3;
        snakeX[0] = 100;snakeY[0] = 100;//脑袋的坐标
        snakeX[1] = 75;snakeY[1] = 100;//第一个身体的坐标
        snakeX[2] = 50;snakeY[2] = 100;//第二个身体的坐标
        direction ="R";//初始方向为右

        //把食物随机分布在界面上
        foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
        foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);

        score = 0;
    }

    //绘制面板,游戏中的所有的东西，都使用这个来绘制！
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);//清屏
        //绘制静态的面板
        setBackground(Color.white);
        Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);//头部广告栏
        g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);//默认的游戏界面

        //画积分
        g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,18));
        g.drawString("长度"+length,750,35);
        g.drawString("分数"+score,750,55);

        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodx,foody);

        //把小蛇画上去
        if (direction.equals("R")){
            Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
        }else if (direction.equals("L")) {
            Data.left.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);//蛇头方向为左
        }else if (direction.equals("U")) {
            Data.up.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);//蛇头方向为上
        }else if (direction.equals("D")) {
            Data.down.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);//蛇头方向为下
        }

        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);//身体
        }


        //游戏状态
        if (isStart==false){
            g.setColor(Color.white);
            //设置字体
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
            g.drawString("按下回车开始游戏",300,300);
        }

        if (isFail){
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
            g.drawString("失败！按下回车重新开始",300,300);

        }
    }

    //键盘监听事件
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//获得键盘按键是哪个

        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER){//如果按下的是回车键
            if (isFail){
                //重新开始
                isFail = false;
                init();
            }else {
                isStart = !isStart;//取反
            }

        }
        //小蛇移动
        if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP && direction!="D"){
            direction = "U";
        }else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT && direction!="R"){
            direction = "L";
        }else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT && direction!="L"){
            direction = "R";
        }else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN && direction!="U"){
            direction = "D";
        }
    }

    //事件监听---需要通过固定事件来刷新，一秒十次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(isStart && isFail == false){//如果游戏是开始状态，那么让小蛇运动起来

            //吃食物
            if (snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody){
                //长度+1,分数+10
                length++;
                score = score+10;
                //再次随机随机生成食物
                foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
                foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
            }

            //移动
            for (int i = length-1; i > 0; i--) {//后一节移到前一节的位置 snakeX[1] = snakeX[0];
                snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];
                snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];

            }
            //走向
            if (direction.equals("R")){
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0]+25;
                if (snakeX[0]>850){snakeX[0] = 25;}//边界判断
            }else if (direction.equals("L")){
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0]-25;
                if (snakeX[0]<25){snakeX[0] = 850;}//边界判断
            }else if (direction.equals("U")){
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0]-25;
                if (snakeY[0]<75){snakeY[0] = 650;}//边界判断
            }else if (direction.equals("D")){
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0]+25;
                if (snakeY[0]>650){snakeY[0] = 75;}//边界判断
            }

            //失败判定，撞到自己就算失败
            for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                if (snakeX[0]==snakeX[i] && snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]){
                    isFail = true;
                }
            }

            repaint();

        }
        timer.start();//定时器开启
    }

    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

    }

    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

    }


}