springboot中验证码功能
1、写一个验证码生成类（网上有，可以从网上直接拿）
package com.chinaunicom.ems.utils; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Random; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; public class VerifyCodeUtils { /** * 验证码难度级别 Simple-数字 Medium-数字和小写字母 Hard-数字和大小写字母 */ public enum SecurityCodeLevel { Simple, Medium, Hard }; /** * 产生默认验证码，4位中等难度 * * @return */ public static String getSecurityCode() { return getSecurityCode(4, SecurityCodeLevel.Medium, false); } /** * 产生长度和难度任意的验证码 * * @param length * @param level * @param isCanRepeat * @return */ public static String getSecurityCode(int length, SecurityCodeLevel level, boolean isCanRepeat) { // 随机抽取len个字符 int len = length; // 字符集合（--除去易混淆的数字0,1,字母l,o,O） char[] codes = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z' }; // 根据不同难度截取字符串 if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Simple) { codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 10); } else if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Medium) { codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 36); } // 字符集和长度 int n = codes.length; // 抛出运行时异常 if (len > n && isCanRepeat == false) { throw new RuntimeException(String.format("调用SecurityCode.getSecurityCode(%1$s,%2$s,%3$s)出现异常，" + "当isCanRepeat为%3$s时，传入参数%1$s不能大于%4$s", len, level, isCanRepeat, n)); } // 存放抽取出来的字符 char[] result = new char[len]; // 判断能否出现重复字符 if (isCanRepeat) { for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) { // 索引0 and n-1 int r = (int) (Math.random() * n); // 将result中的第i个元素设置为code[r]存放的数值 result[i] = codes[r]; } } else { for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) { // 索引0 and n-1 int r = (int) (Math.random() * n); // 将result中的第i个元素设置为code[r]存放的数值 result[i] = codes[r]; // 必须确保不会再次抽取到那个字符，这里用数组中最后一个字符改写code[r],并将n-1 codes[r] = codes[n - 1]; n--; } } return String.valueOf(result); } /** * 生成验证码图片 * @param securityCode * @return */ public static BufferedImage createImage(String securityCode){ int codeLength = securityCode.length();//验证码长度 int fontSize = 18;//字体大小 int fontWidth = fontSize+1; //图片宽高 int width = codeLength*fontWidth+6; int height = fontSize*2+1; //图片 BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics(); g.setColor(Color.WHITE);//设置背景色 g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//填充背景 g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);//设置边框颜色 g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, height-2));//边框字体样式 g.drawRect(0, 0, width-1, height-1);//绘制边框 //绘制噪点 Random rand = new Random(); g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY); for (int i = 0; i < codeLength*6; i++) { int x = rand.nextInt(width); int y = rand.nextInt(height); g.drawRect(x, y, 1, 1);//绘制1*1大小的矩形 } //绘制验证码 int codeY = height-10; g.setColor(new Color(19,148,246)); //Georgia 是个字体，如果想用中文要指定中文字体；eg:"宋体"; //g.setFont(new Font("Georgia", Font.BOLD, fontSize)); g.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, fontSize)); for(int i=0;i<codeLength;i++){ double deg=new Random().nextDouble()*20; g.rotate(Math.toRadians(deg), i*16+13,codeY-7.5); g.drawString(String.valueOf(securityCode.charAt(i)), i*16+5, codeY); g.rotate(Math.toRadians(-deg), i*16+13,codeY-7.5); } g.dispose();//关闭资源 return image; } //测试 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{ //获得随机字符 String securityCode = getSecurityCode(); //输出随机字符 System.out.println("===="+securityCode); //生成图片 BufferedImage image = createImage(securityCode); //将生成的验证码图片以png(1.png)的格式输出到D盘 "D:\\1.png" == "D:/1.png" ImageIO.write(image, "png", new FileOutputStream(new File("D:\\1.png"))); } }
第二、在控制层写
package com.chinaunicom.ems.controller; import com.chinaunicom.ems.utils.VerifyCodeUtils; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.IOException; @Controller @RequestMapping("user") public class UserController{ //生成验证码 @GetMapping("getImage") public void getImage(HttpSession session, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { //生成验证码 String securityCode = VerifyCodeUtils.getSecurityCode(); //将验证码放入session session.setAttribute("code",securityCode); //生成图片 BufferedImage image = VerifyCodeUtils.createImage(securityCode); //输出图片 ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream(); //调用工具类 ImageIO.write(image,"png",outputStream); } }
想用HttpServletRequest和HttpServletResponse等对象就要引入依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
然后jsp文件以及jsp的热部署
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="utf-8" isELIgnored="false" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>regist</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrap">
<div id="top_content">
<div id="header">
<div id="rightheader">
<p>
2009/11/20
<br />
</p>
</div>
<div id="topheader">
<h1 id="title">
<a href="#">main</a>
</h1>
</div>
<div id="navigation">
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<p id="whereami">
</p>
<h1>
注册
</h1>
<form action="login.html" method="post">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0"
class="form_table">
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="right">
用户名:
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">
<input type="text" class="inputgri" name="username" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="right">
真实姓名:
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">
<input type="text" class="inputgri" name="name" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="right">
密码:
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">
<input type="password" class="inputgri" name="pwd" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="right">
性别:
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">
男
<input type="radio" class="inputgri" name="sex" value="m" checked="checked"/>
女
<input type="radio" class="inputgri" name="sex" value="f"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="right">
验证码:
<img id="num" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/getImage" />
<a href="javascript:;" onclick="document.getElementById('num').src = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/getImage?'+(new Date()).getTime()">换一张</a>
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">
<input type="text" class="inputgri" name="number" />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
<input type="submit" class="button" value="Submit »" />
</p>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer_bg">
ABC@126.com
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
图中标红的是获取图片的路径的。
server: jsp: init-parameters: development: true //jsp热部署的配置
注意点：要保证实体类与jsp文件里面的名称命名时一致的
代码结构：
along
