Struts2入门
一.struts框架得到环境搭建
首先我们建一个maven项目（里面有很多细节问题可以看 https://www.cnblogs.com/chenjiahao9527/p/11079245.html）
这次在pom.xml加下面的代码
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>2.5.13</version> </dependency>
然后我们把下面配置文件导入项目中的src/amin/resources中
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"> <struts> <include file="struts-default.xml"></include><!-- 原有的配置文件 --> <include file="struts-base.xml"></include><!-- 基础的配置文件 --> <include file="struts-sy.xml"></include> </struts>
struts-base.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" /><!-- 编码格式 --> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /><!-- 动态方法调用 --> <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" /><!-- 不重启项目修改代码立即生效 --> <constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" /> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /><!-- 开起动态方法调用 --> <package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true"> <global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods> </package> </struts>
struts-sy.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- 这包能更加细分action的归类 -->
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
</action>
</package>
</struts>
配置web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>Struts</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>Struts</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
二.struts的动态方法调用、struts传参（jsp和后台的互传）
1、动态动态方法调用
jsp代码：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>动态方法调用</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_add.action">新增</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_del.action">删除</a>
</body>
</html>
在struts-sy.xml里面配置了方法传递
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- 这包能更加细分action的归类 -->
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<action name="/demo_*" class="com.chenjiahao.web.HelloAction" method="{1}">
<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
java代码
//动态方法的调用
public class HelloAction（）{ public String add() { System.out.println("调用add方法......."); return "rs"; } public String del() { System.out.println("调用del方法......."); return "rs"; } }
这样就可以调用动态方法了
2、jsp传递参数到后台，后台如何接受
先建一个实体类
package com.chenjiahao.emtity;
public class Cal {
private String num1;
private String num2;
public String getNum1() {
return num1;
}
public void setNum1(String num1) {
this.num1 = num1;
}
public String getNum2() {
return num2;
}
public void setNum2(String num2) {
this.num2 = num2;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Cal [num1=" + num1 + ", num2=" + num2 + "]";
}
}
implements modelDrivern
set/get
类实例.属性名
public class HelloAction implements ModelDriven<Cal>{
private HttpServletRequest request;
private Cal cal1=new Cal();
private Cal cal2;
private String sex;
public Cal getCal2() {
return cal2;
}
public void setCal2(Cal cal2) {
this.cal2 = cal2;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
/**
* implements ModelDriven 接收参数值
* @return
*/
public String accept1() {
System.out.println("cal1:"+cal1);
return "rs";
}
/**
* 类实例.属性名 接收参数值
* @return
*/
public String accept2() {
System.out.println("cal2:"+cal2);
return "rs";
}
/**
* set/get 接收参数值
* @return
*/
public String accept3() {
System.out.println(sex);
return "rs";
}
}
jsp页面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>后台接收jsp传递参数的三种方法</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_accept1.action?num1=20&&num2=5">accept1</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_accept2.action?cal2.num1=20&&cal2.num2=5">accept2</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_accept3.action?sex=nv">accept3</a>
</body>
</html>
结果：
3、后台传递到jsp的方式
set/get定义的属性是可以接受到的不需要任何操作
直接在jsp用el表达式
req.set.....
public class HelloAction ServletRequestAware{
private HttpServletRequest request;
public String accept1() {
System.out.println("cal1:"+cal1);
/**
*后台传递到jsp的方式
*set/get定义的属性是可以接受到的
*req.set.....
*/
//注入耦合
// request.setAttribute("cal1", cal1);
//非注入耦合
HttpServletRequest request2 = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
request2.setAttribute("cal1", cal1);
// 非注入解耦（这种方式一般没人用，因为记不住context的实现类路径）
// ActionContext context = ActionContext.getContext();
// context.get("XXXX");
return "rs";
}
}
