java异步计算Future的使用(转)

从jdk1.5开始我们可以利用Future来跟踪异步计算的结果。在此之前主线程要想获得工作线程(异步计算线程)的结果是比较麻烦的事情,需要我们进行特殊的程序结构设计,比较繁琐而且容易出错。有了Future我们就可以设计出比较优雅的异步计算程序结构模型:根据分而治之的思想,我们可以把异步计算的线程按照职责分为3类:

1. 异步计算的发起线程(控制线程):负责异步计算任务的分解和发起,把分解好的任务交给异步计算的work线程去执行,发起异步计算后,发起线程可以获得Futrue的集合,从而可以跟踪异步计算结果

2. 异步计算work线程:负责具体的计算任务

3. 异步计算结果收集线程:从发起线程那里获得Future的集合,并负责监控Future的状态,根据Future的状态来处理异步计算的结果。

 

以下是我根据上述想法写的一个例子:

package com.chengxuyuanzhilu.two;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;


public class OutputResult implements Runnable {

    private FutureContext<String> context;
    
    public void setFutureContext(FutureContext<String> context){
        this.context = context;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("start to output result:");
        List<Future<String>> list = this.context.getFutureList();
        
        for (Future<String> future : list) {
            this.outputResultFromFuture(future);
        }
        System.out.println("finish to output result.");
    }
    
    private void outputResultFromFuture(Future<String> future){
        try {
            while (true) {
                if(future.isDone() && !future.isCancelled()){
                    System.out.println("Future: " + future + ",Result:" + future.get());
                    break;
                }else{
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        };
    }

}
package com.chengxuyuanzhilu.two;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

public class FutureContext<T> {
    private List<Future<T>> futureList = new ArrayList<>();
    
    public  void addFuture(Future<T> future){
        this.futureList.add(future);
    }
    
    public List<Future<T>> getFutureList(){
        return this.futureList;
    }
}
package com.chengxuyuanzhilu.two;

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

public class AsyncController {
    //线程池
    private ExecutorService executorService;
    
    //保存异步计算的Future
    private FutureContext<String> context;
    
    public AsyncController() {
        //创建一个固定大小的线程池
        this.executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(100);
        this.context = new FutureContext<>();
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动异步计算
        AsyncController controller = new AsyncController();
        controller.startAsycCompution();
        
        //启动异步计算结果输出线程,该线程扫描异步计算Futrue的状态,如果已经完成,则输出异步计算结果
        OutputResult output = new OutputResult();
        output.setFutureContext(controller.getFutureContext());
        Thread resultThread = new Thread(output);
        resultThread.start();
    }
    
    public FutureContext<String> getFutureContext(){
        return this.context;
    }
    
    public void startAsycCompution(){
        /**
         * 开启100个异步计算,每个异步计算线程随机sleep几秒来模拟计算耗时
         */
        final Random random = new Random();
        
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            Future<String> future = this.executorService.submit(
                    new Callable<String>(){

                        @Override
                        public String call() throws Exception {
                            int randomInt = random.nextInt(10);
                            Thread.sleep(randomInt * 1000);
                            return "" + randomInt;
                        }
                        
                    });
            //每个异步计算的结果 存放在context中
            this.context.addFuture(future);
        }
    }

}

源码下载地址:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1c1uuq5M

posted @ 2016-03-07 21:59  RedAnts  阅读(3029)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报