Linux脚本中调用SQL,RMAN脚本
Linux/Unix shell脚本中调用或执行SQL,RMAN 等为自动化作业以及多次反复执行提供了极大的便利,因此通过Linux/Unix shell来完成Oracle的相关工作,也是DBA必不可少的技能之一。本文针对Linux/Unix shell脚本调用sql, rman 脚本给出了相关示例。
一、由shell脚本调用sql,rman脚本
- 1、shell脚本调用sql脚本
- #首先编辑sql文件
- oracle@SZDB:~> more dept.sql
- connect scott/tiger
- spool /tmp/dept.lst
- set linesize 100 pagesize 80
- select * from dept;
- spool off;
- exit;
- #编辑shell脚本文件,在shell脚本内调用sql脚本
- oracle@SZDB:~> more get_dept.sh
- #!/bin/bash
- # set environment variable
- if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
- . ~/.bashrc
- fi
- export ORACLE_SID=CNMMBO
- sqlplus -S /nolog @/users/oracle/dept.sql #注意此处执行sql脚本的方法 -S 表示以静默方式执行
- exit
- #授予脚本执行权限
- oracle@SZDB:~> chmod 775 get_dept.sh
- -->执行shell脚本
- oracle@SZDB:~> ./get_dept.sh
- DEPTNO DNAME LOC
- ---------- -------------- -------------
- 10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
- 20 RESEARCH DALLAS
- 30 SALES CHICAGO
- 40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
- 2、shell脚本调用rman脚本
- #首先编辑RMAN脚本
- oracle@SZDB:~> more rman.rcv
- RUN {
- CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;
- CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
- CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
- CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/users/oracle/bak/%d_%F';
- ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH1 TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=4G;
- ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH2 TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=4G;
- SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH1 READRATE=10240;
- SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH1 KBYTES=4096000;
- SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH2 READRATE=10240;
- SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH2 KBYTES=4096000;
- CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG ALL;
- DELETE NOPROMPT EXPIRED ARCHIVELOG ALL;
- BACKUP
- DATABASE FORMAT '/users/oracle/bak/%d_FULL__%U';
- SQL 'ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT';
- BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL FORMAT '/users/oracle/bak/%d_LF_%U' DELETE INPUT;
- DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;
- RELEASE CHANNEL CH1;
- RELEASE CHANNEL CH2;
- }
- #编辑shell脚本文件,在shell脚本内调用rman脚本
- oracle@SZDB:~> more rman_bak.sh
- #!/bin/bash
- # set environment variable
- if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
- . ~/.bashrc
- fi
- export ORACLE_SID=CNMMBO
- $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman target / cmdfile=/users/oracle/rman.rcv log=/users/oracle/bak/rman.log
- exit
- #授予脚本执行权限
- oracle@SZDB:~> chmod 775 rman_bak.sh
- #执行shell脚本
- oracle@SZDB:~> ./rman_bak.sh
二、嵌入sql语句及rman到shell脚本
- 1、直接将sql语句嵌入到shell脚本
- oracle@SZDB:~> more get_dept_2.sh
- #!/bin/bash
- # Author : Robinson Cheng
- # Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612
- # set environment variable
- if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
- . ~/.bashrc
- fi
- export ORACLE_SID=CNMMBO
- sqlplus -S /nolog <<EOF #EOF在此表示当输入过程中碰到EOF后,整个sql脚本输入完毕
- connect scott/tiger
- spool /tmp/dept.lst
- set linesize 100 pagesize 80
- select * from dept;
- spool off;
- exit; #退出sqlplus 环境
- EOF
- exit #推出shell脚本
- #授予脚本执行权限
- oracle@SZDB:~> chmod u+x get_dept_2.sh
- #执行shell脚本
- oracle@SZDB:~> ./get_dept_2.sh
- DEPTNO DNAME LOC
- ---------- -------------- -------------
- 10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
- 20 RESEARCH DALLAS
- 30 SALES CHICAGO
- 40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
- 2、直接将sql语句嵌入到shell脚本(方式二,使用管道符号>代替spool来输出日志)
- oracle@SZDB:~> more get_dept_3.sh
- #!/bin/bash
- # set environment variable
- if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
- . ~/.bashrc
- fi
- export ORACLE_SID=CNMMBO
- sqlplus -S /nolog 1>/users/oracle/dept.log 2>&1 <<EOF
- connect scott/tiger
- set linesize 80 pagesize 80
- select * from dept;
- exit;
- EOF
- cat /users/oracle/dept.log
- exit
- #另一种实现方式,将所有的sql语句输出来生成sql脚本后再调用
- oracle@SZDB:~> more get_dept_4.sh
- #!/bin/bash
- # set environment variable
- if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
- . ~/.bashrc
- fi
- export ORACLE_SID=CNMMBO
- echo "conn scott/tiger
- select * from dept;
- exit;" >/users/oracle/get_dept.sql
- sqlplus -silent /nolog @get_dept.sql 1>/users/oracle/get_dept.log 2>&1
- cat get_dept.log
- exit
- 3、将rman脚本嵌入到shell脚本
- oracle@SZDB:~> more rman_bak_2.sh
- #!/bin/bash
- # set environment variable
- if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
- . ~/.bashrc
- fi
- export ORACLE_SID=CNMMBO
- $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman log=/users/oracle/bak/rman.log <<EOF
- connect target /
- RUN {
- CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;
- CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
- CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
- CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/users/oracle/bak/%d_%F';
- ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH1 TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=4G;
- ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH2 TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=4G;
- SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH1 READRATE=10240;
- SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH1 KBYTES=4096000;
- SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH2 READRATE=10240;
- SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH2 KBYTES=4096000;
- CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG ALL;
- DELETE NOPROMPT EXPIRED ARCHIVELOG ALL;
- BACKUP
- DATABASE FORMAT '/users/oracle/bak/%d_FULL__%U';
- SQL 'ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT';
- BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL FORMAT '/users/oracle/bak/%d_LF_%U' DELETE INPUT;
- DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;
- RELEASE CHANNEL CH1;
- RELEASE CHANNEL CH2;
- }
- EXIT;
- EOF
- exit
- #授予脚本执行权限
- oracle@SZDB:~> chmod u+x rman_bak_2.sh
- #执行shell脚本
- oracle@SZDB:~> ./rman_bak_2.sh
- RMAN> RMAN> 2> 3> 4> 5> 6> 7> 8> 9> 10> 11> 12> 13> 14> 15> 16> 17> 18> 19> 20> 21> RMAN> oracle@SZDB:~>
A thousand journey is started by taking the first step.