（转）基于OWIN WebAPI 使用OAuth授权服务【客户端模式(Client Credentials Grant)】
适应范围
采用Client Credentials方式，即应用公钥、密钥方式获取Access Token，适用于任何类型应用，但通过它所获取的Access Token只能用于访问与用户无关的Open API，并且需要开发者提前向开放平台申请，成功对接后方能使用。认证服务器不提供像用户数据这样的重要资源，仅仅是有限的只读资源或者一些开放的 API。例如使用了第三方的静态文件服务，如Google Storage或Amazon S3。这样，你的应用需要通过外部API调用并以应用本身而不是单个用户的身份来读取或修改这些资源。这样的场景就很适合使用客户端证书授权,通过此授权方式获取Access Token仅可访问平台授权类的接口。
比如获取App首页最新闻列表,由于这个数据与用户无关，所以不涉及用户登录与授权,但又不想任何人都可以调用这个WebAPI，这样场景就适用[例:比如微信公众平台授权]。
Client Credentials Grant:http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-4.4
+---------+ +---------------+
| | | |
| |>--(A)- Client Authentication --->| Authorization |
| Client | | Server |
| |<--(B)---- Access Token ---------<| |
| | | |
+---------+ +---------------+
Figure 6: Client Credentials Flow
基本流程
A.客户端提供用户名和密码交换令牌
B.认证服务器验证通过，发放令牌，后面根据这个令牌获取资源即可
服务实现
使用WEBAPI基于Microsoft.Owin.Security.OAuth实现，新建一个不启用身份验证空的WEBAPI项目
安装包
Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin
Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Security.OAuth
Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Owin
Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.WebHost
Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb
OWIN WEBAPI
[assembly: OwinStartup(typeof(Startup))] namespace OAuth2.App_Start { public partial class Startup { public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app) { ConfigureAuth(app); } } } public partial class Startup { public void ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder app) { /* app.UseOAuthAuthorizationServer(new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions { TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/token"), Provider = new ApplicationOAuthProvider(), AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromHours(2), AuthenticationMode = AuthenticationMode.Active, //HTTPS is allowed only AllowInsecureHttp = false AllowInsecureHttp = true //ApplicationCanDisplayErrors = false }); app.UseOAuthBearerAuthentication(new OAuthBearerAuthenticationOptions()); */ app.UseOAuthBearerTokens(new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions { TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/token"), Provider = new ApplicationOAuthProvider(), //RefreshTokenProvider = new ApplicationRefreshTokenProvider(), AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromHours(2), AuthenticationMode = AuthenticationMode.Active, //HTTPS is allowed only AllowInsecureHttp = false AllowInsecureHttp = true //ApplicationCanDisplayErrors = false }); } } public class ApplicationOAuthProvider : OAuthAuthorizationServerProvider { /* private OAuth2ClientService _oauthClientService; public ApplicationOAuthProvider() { this.OAuth2ClientService = new OAuth2ClientService(); } */ /// <summary> /// 验证客户[client_id与client_secret验证] /// </summary> /// <param name="context"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override Task ValidateClientAuthentication(OAuthValidateClientAuthenticationContext context) { //http://localhost:48339/token //grant_type=client_credentials&client_id=irving&client_secret=123456 string client_id; string client_secret; context.TryGetFormCredentials(out client_id, out client_secret); if (client_id == "irving" && client_secret == "123456") { context.Validated(client_id); } else { //context.Response.StatusCode = Convert.ToInt32(HttpStatusCode.OK); context.SetError("invalid_client", "client is not valid"); } return base.ValidateClientAuthentication(context); } /// <summary> /// 客户端授权[生成access token] /// </summary> /// <param name="context"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override Task GrantClientCredentials(OAuthGrantClientCredentialsContext context) { /* var client = _oauthClientService.GetClient(context.ClientId); oAuthIdentity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, client.ClientName)); */ var oAuthIdentity = new ClaimsIdentity(context.Options.AuthenticationType); oAuthIdentity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, "iphone")); var ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(oAuthIdentity, new AuthenticationProperties() { AllowRefresh = true }); context.Validated(ticket); return base.GrantClientCredentials(context); } /// <summary> /// 刷新Token[刷新refresh_token] /// </summary> /// <param name="context"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override Task GrantRefreshToken(OAuthGrantRefreshTokenContext context) { //enforce client binding of refresh token if (context.Ticket == null || context.Ticket.Identity == null || !context.Ticket.Identity.IsAuthenticated) { context.SetError("invalid_grant", "Refresh token is not valid"); } else { //Additional claim is needed to separate access token updating from authentication //requests in RefreshTokenProvider.CreateAsync() method } return base.GrantRefreshToken(context); } public override Task ValidateClientRedirectUri(OAuthValidateClientRedirectUriContext context) { if (context.ClientId == "irving") { var expectedRootUri = new Uri(context.Request.Uri, "/"); if (expectedRootUri.AbsoluteUri == context.RedirectUri) { context.Validated(); } } return Task.FromResult<object>(null); } }
资源服务
/// <summary> ///客户端模式【Client Credentials Grant】 ///http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/security/individual-accounts-in-web-api /// </summary> [RoutePrefix("api/v1/oauth2")] public class OAuth2Controller : ApiController { /// <summary> /// 获得资讯 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> [Authorize] [Route("news")] public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetNewsAsync() { var authentication = HttpContext.Current.GetOwinContext().Authentication; var ticket = authentication.AuthenticateAsync("Bearer").Result; var claimsIdentity = User.Identity as ClaimsIdentity; var data = claimsIdentity.Claims.Where(c => c.Type == "urn:oauth:scope").ToList(); var claims = ((ClaimsIdentity)Thread.CurrentPrincipal.Identity).Claims; return Ok(new { IsError = true, Msg = string.Empty, Data = Thread.CurrentPrincipal.Identity.Name + " It's about news !!! token expires: " + ticket.Properties.Dictionary.ToJson() }); } }
启用授权验证[WebApiConfig]
在ASP.NET Web API中启用Token验证，需要加上[Authorize]标记，并且配置默认启用验证不记名授权方式
// Web API configuration and services // Configure Web API to use only bearer token authentication. config.SuppressDefaultHostAuthentication(); config.Filters.Add(new HostAuthenticationFilter(OAuthDefaults.AuthenticationType));
客户端
获得票据
服务端[/token]获取token需要三个参数
POST https://domain.com/token HTTP/1.1
Content-type:application/json;charset=UTF-8
grant_type=client_credentials&client_id=irving&client_secret=123456
{"access_token":"qghSowAcM9Ap7yIiyZ6i52VOk4NWBpgDDJZ6jf-PdAeP4roFMlGhKUV_Kg_ow0QgTXBKaPzIFBLzdc6evBUPVOaV8Op0wsrUwwKUjRluAPAQmw3MIm8MtmtC0Vfp7ZByuvvMy21NbpRBZcajQxzunJGPIqbdPMYs8e279T5UMmgpBVZJuC4N6d-mxk3DMN2-42cOxz-3k6J-7yXCVYroEh6txjZW03ws155LswIg0yw","token_type":"bearer","expires_in":7199}
请求资源
设置HTTP头 Authorization: Bearer {THE TOKEN}
GET http://localhost:48339/api/v1/oauth2/news HTTP/1.1
Authorization: Bearer qghSowAcM9Ap7yIiyZ6i52VOk4NWBpgDDJZ6jf-PdAeP4roFMlGhKUV_Kg_ow0QgTXBKaPzIFBLzdc6evBUPVOaV8Op0wsrUwwKUjRluAPAQmw3MIm8MtmtC0Vfp7ZByuvvMy21NbpRBZcajQxzunJGPIqbdPMYs8e279T5UMmgpBVZJuC4N6d-mxk3DMN2-42cOxz-3k6J-7yXCVYroEh6txjZW03ws155LswIg0yw
grant_type=client_credentials&client_id=irving&client_secret=123456{"IsError":true,"Msg":"","Data":"iphone It's about news !!! token expires: {\".refresh\":\"True\",\".issued\":\"Mon, 29 Jun 2015 02:47:12 GMT\",\".expires\":\"Mon, 29 Jun 2015 04:47:12 GMT\"}"}
客户端测试
/// <summary> ///客户端模式【Client Credentials Grant】 ///http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/security/individual-accounts-in-web-api /// </summary> [RoutePrefix("api/v1/oauth2")] public class OAuth2Controller : ApiController { /// <summary> /// 获取token /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> [Route("token")] public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetTokenAsync() { //获得token var dict = new SortedDictionary<string, string>(); dict.Add("client_id", "irving"); dict.Add("client_secret", "123456"); dict.Add("grant_type", "client_credentials"); var data = await (@"http://" + Request.RequestUri.Authority + @"/token").PostUrlEncodedAsync(dict).ReceiveJson<Token>(); //根据token获得咨询信息 [Authorization: Bearer {THE TOKEN}] //var news = await (@"http://" + Request.RequestUri.Authority + @"/api/v1/oauth2/news").WithHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " + data.access_token).GetAsync().ReceiveString(); var news = await (@"http://" + Request.RequestUri.Authority + @"/api/v1/oauth2/news").WithOAuthBearerToken(data.access_token).GetAsync().ReceiveString(); return Ok(new { IsError = true, Msg = data, Data = news }); } } public class Token { public string access_token { get; set; } public string token_type { get; set; } public string expires_in { get; set; } }
Refer:
Secure a Web API with Individual Accounts and Local Login in ASP.NET Web API 2.2
www.asp.net/web-api/overview/security/individual-accounts-in-web-api
Use OWIN to Self-Host ASP.NET Web API 2
http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/hosting-aspnet-web-api/use-owin-to-self-host-web-api
OWIN OAuth 2.0 Authorization Server
http://www.asp.net/aspnet/overview/owin-and-katana/owin-oauth-20-authorization-server
ASP.Net MVC: Creating an OAuth client credentials grant type token endpoint
http://www.hackered.co.uk/articles/asp-net-mvc-creating-an-oauth-client-credentials-grant-type-token-endpoint
OwinStartup not Starting … Why?
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19760545/owinstartup-not-starting-why
http://developer.baidu.com/wiki/index.php?title=docs/oauth/client
https://wakatime.com/developers
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