python pdb调试
在交互环境中通常使用pdb.run来调试:
import pdb def pdb_test(arg): for i in range(arg): print(i) return arg pdb.run("pdb_test(3)")
b 函数名、行号:
打断点,b可以查询所有的断点。
(Pdb) b pdb_test Breakpoint 1 at c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py:3 (Pdb) b Num Type Disp Enb Where 1 breakpoint keep yes at c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py:3
c:
运行程序,直到遇到断点。
(Pdb) c > c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(4)pdb_test() -> for i in range(arg):
l:
查看断点周围的代码
(Pdb) l 1 import pdb 2 3 B def pdb_test(arg): 4 -> for i in range(arg): 5 print(i) 6 return arg 7 8 pdb.run("pdb_test(3)")
a:
查看参数
(Pdb) a arg = 3
s, n:
单步运行,区别s会进入路径中的函数,n不会进入
p:
查看表达式的值
(Pdb) p i 0
condition:
条件断点,只有条件为true断点才命中
> c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(5)pdb_test() -> print(i) (Pdb) l 1 import pdb 2 3 def pdb_test(arg): 4 for i in range(arg): 5 B-> print(i) 6 return arg 7 8 pdb.run("pdb_test(3)") [EOF] (Pdb) b Num Type Disp Enb Where 2 breakpoint keep yes at c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py:5 (Pdb) condition 2 i==1 //i==1时才触发断点2 New condition set for breakpoint 2. (Pdb) b Num Type Disp Enb Where 2 breakpoint keep yes at c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py:5 stop only if i==1 (Pdb) c 0 //i==0直接打印未断住 > c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(5)pdb_test() -> print(i) //触发断点,i==1 (Pdb) p i 1
bt:
查看调用堆栈
(Pdb) bt c:\python33\lib\bdb.py(405)run() -> exec(cmd, globals, locals) <string>(1)<module>() > c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(5)pdb_test() -> print(i)
r:
执行到函数返回
(Pdb) r 1 2 --Return-- > c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(6)pdb_test()->3 //代码位置、函数返回值->3 -> return arg //代码位置的语句 (Pdb) l 1 import pdb 2 3 def pdb_test(arg): 4 for i in range(arg): 5 print(i) 6 -> return arg 7 8 pdb.run("pdb_test(3)")
通过pdb.set_trace() 在代码中指定位置嵌入一个断点,通常可以通过调试开关来控制
import pdb __DEBUG__ = True def pdb_test(arg): if True == __DEBUG__: pdb.set_trace() for i in range(arg): print(i) return arg pdb_test(3)
运行后在pdb.set_trace()位置被断住,当__DEBUG__ = False,代码正常运行
> c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(8)pdb_test() -> for i in range(arg): (Pdb) l 3 __DEBUG__ = True 4 5 def pdb_test(arg): 6 if True == __DEBUG__: 7 pdb.set_trace() 8 -> for i in range(arg): 9 print(i) 10 return arg 11 12 pdb_test(3) [EOF]
通过pdb.pm()进行事后调试,可以跟踪异常程序最后的堆载信息:
Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\plpcc\Desktop\pdbTest.py", line 13, in <module> pdb_test(3) File "C:\Users\plpcc\Desktop\pdbTest.py", line 10, in pdb_test 1/0 ZeroDivisionError: division by zero >>> import pdb >>> pdb.pm() > c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(10)pdb_test() -> 1/0 (Pdb) l 5 def pdb_test(arg): 6 if True == __DEBUG__: 7 pdb.set_trace() 8 for i in range(arg): 9 print(i) 10 -> 1/0 11 return arg 12 13 pdb_test(3)