Python 利用pytesser模块识别图像文字

  使用的是python的pytesser模块,原先想做的是图片中文识别,搞了一段时间了,在中文的识别上还是有很多问题,这里做记录分享。

  pytesserOCR in Python using the Tesseract engine from Google。是谷歌OCR开源项目的一个模块,可将图片中的文字转换成文本(主要是英文)。

  1.pytesser安装

  使用设备:win8 64位

  PyTesser使用Tesseract OCR引擎,将图像转换到可接受的格式,然后执行tesseract提取出文本信息。使用PyTesser ,你无须安装Tesseract OCR引擎,但必须要先安装PIL模块(Python Image Library,python的图形库)

  pytesser下载:http://code.google.com/p/pytesser/  若打不开,可通过百度网盘下载:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1o69LL8Y

  PIL官方下载:http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/

  其中PIL可直接点击exe安装,pytesser无需安装,解压后可以放在python安装文件夹的\Lib\site-packages\  下直接使用(需要添加pytesser.pth)

  Ubuntu安装

sudo pip install pytesseract
sudo apt-get install tesseract-ocr

  2.pytesser源码

  通过查看pytesser.py的源码,可以看到几个主要函数:

 (1)call_tesseract(input_filename, output_filename)

  该函数调用tesseract外部执行程序,提取图片中的文本信息 

  (2)image_to_string(im, cleanup = cleanup_scratch_flag)

  该函数处理的是image对象,所以需用使用im = open(filename)打开文件,返回一个image对象。其中调用util.image_to_scratch(im, scratch_image_name)将内存中的图像文件保存为bmp,以便tesserac程序能正常处理。

  (3)image_file_to_string(filename, cleanup = cleanup_scratch_flag, graceful_errors=True)
  该函数直接使用Tesseract读取图像文件,如果图像是不相容的,会先转换成兼容的格式,然后再提取图片中的文本信息。
"""OCR in Python using the Tesseract engine from Google
http://code.google.com/p/pytesser/
by Michael J.T. O'Kelly
V 0.0.1, 3/10/07"""

import Image
import subprocess

import util
import errors

tesseract_exe_name = 'tesseract' # Name of executable to be called at command line
scratch_image_name = "temp.bmp" # This file must be .bmp or other Tesseract-compatible format
scratch_text_name_root = "temp" # Leave out the .txt extension
cleanup_scratch_flag = False  # Temporary files cleaned up after OCR operation

def call_tesseract(input_filename, output_filename):
    """Calls external tesseract.exe on input file (restrictions on types),
    outputting output_filename+'txt'"""
    args = [tesseract_exe_name, input_filename, output_filename]
    proc = subprocess.Popen(args)
    retcode = proc.wait()
    if retcode!=0:
        errors.check_for_errors()

def image_to_string(im, cleanup = cleanup_scratch_flag):
    """Converts im to file, applies tesseract, and fetches resulting text.
    If cleanup=True, delete scratch files after operation."""
    try:
        util.image_to_scratch(im, scratch_image_name)
        call_tesseract(scratch_image_name, scratch_text_name_root)
        text = util.retrieve_text(scratch_text_name_root)
    finally:
        if cleanup:
            util.perform_cleanup(scratch_image_name, scratch_text_name_root)
    return text

def image_file_to_string(filename, cleanup = cleanup_scratch_flag, graceful_errors=True):
    """Applies tesseract to filename; or, if image is incompatible and graceful_errors=True,
    converts to compatible format and then applies tesseract.  Fetches resulting text.
    If cleanup=True, delete scratch files after operation."""
    try:
        try:
            call_tesseract(filename, scratch_text_name_root)
            text = util.retrieve_text(scratch_text_name_root)
        except errors.Tesser_General_Exception:
            if graceful_errors:
                im = Image.open(filename)
                text = image_to_string(im, cleanup)
            else:
                raise
    finally:
        if cleanup:
            util.perform_cleanup(scratch_image_name, scratch_text_name_root)
    return text
    

if __name__=='__main__':
    im = Image.open('phototest.tif')
    text = image_to_string(im)
    print text
    try:
        text = image_file_to_string('fnord.tif', graceful_errors=False)
    except errors.Tesser_General_Exception, value:
        print "fnord.tif is incompatible filetype.  Try graceful_errors=True"
        print value
    text = image_file_to_string('fnord.tif', graceful_errors=True)
    print "fnord.tif contents:", text
    text = image_file_to_string('fonts_test.png', graceful_errors=True)
    print text   
  3.pytesser使用
  
在代码中加载pytesser模块,简单的测试代码如下:
from pytesser import *
im = Image.open('fonts_test.png')
text = image_to_string(im)
print "Using image_to_string(): "
print text
text = image_file_to_string('fonts_test.png', graceful_errors=True)
print "Using image_file_to_string():"
print text

   

 识别结果如下:基本能将英文字符提取出来,但对一些复杂点的图片,比如说我尝试对一些英文论文图片进行识别,但结果实在不理想。

 

  由于在中文识别方面还有很多问题,以后再进一步研究分享。

 

参考:HK_JH的专栏 http://blog.csdn.net/hk_jh/article/details/8961449

posted on 2014-12-05 23:44  bbking  阅读(46313)  评论(3编辑  收藏  举报

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