16 Hbase案例

基本操作

进入互交命令hbase shell
创建一张表和列簇create 'm_table','meta_data','action'
50070端口查看文件
查看表结构desc 'm_table'
再添加一个列簇alter 'm_table',{NAME=>'cf_new',VERSIONS=>3,IN_MEMORY=>true}
删除一个列簇alter 'm_table',{NAME=>'action',METHOD=>'delete'}
60010查看
删除表需要修改Enabled为false
disable 'm_table'
删除表drop 'm_table'

写数据put 'm_table','1001','meta_data:name','zhang3'
扫描表scan 'm_table'
再次写数据put 'm_table','1001','meta_data:age','18'
没有数据
刷新数据flush 'm_table'
再次插入一组数据

put 'm_table','1002','meta_data:name','li4'
put 'm_table','1002','meta_data:age','22'
put 'm_table','1002','meta_data:gender','man'

读一条数据get 'm_table','1001'
版本号

alter 'm_table',{NAME=>'meta_data',VERSIONS=>3}
put 'm_table','1001','meta_data:name','wangwu'

通过时间戳拿到修改之前的数据get 'm_table','1001',{COLUMN=>'meta_data:name',TIMESTAMP=>1551534768338}
通过版本号查找时间按戳get 'm_table','1001',{COLUMN=>'meta_data:name',VERSIONS=>1}
通过某一个值反查记录(不知道rowkey的情况下)scan 'm_table',FILTER=>"ValueFilter(=,'binary:wangwu')"
模糊反查scan 'm_table',FILTER=>"ValueFilter(=,'substring:ang')"
多条件(列名已na开始，值里有ang的)scan 'm_table',FILTER=>"ColumnPrefixFilter('na') AND ValueFilter(=,'substring:ang')"
已rowkey什么开头查询scan 'm_table',FILTER=>"PrefixFilter('na')"
范围scan 'm_table',{STARTROW=>'1002'}
范围+条件scan 'm_table',{STARTROW=>'1002',FILTER=>"ColumnPrefixFilter('na')"}
正则过滤

put 'm_table','user|4001','meta_data:name','zhao6'

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.RegexStringComparator
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.CompareFilter
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.SubstringComparator
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.RowFilter

scan 'm_table',{FILTER=>RowFilter.new(CompareFilter::CompareOp.valueOf('EQUAL'),RegexStringComparator.new('^user\|\d+$'))}

查看表的行数count 'm_table'
清空表truncate 'm_table'

Python操作Hbase

1. 安装thrift

下载thrift-0.8.0.tar.gz(需要gcc，G++，C++环境yum install gcc 和 yum install gcc-c++ 还有(python-devel)yum install python-devel )
解压安装：

./configure
make
make install

2. 启动

在hbase路径下./bin/hbase-daemon.sh start thrift

3. 拷贝thrift下的py模块以供开发使用

lib/py/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7 路径下的thrift模块
cp -r thrift/ /usr/local/src/hbase_test/

4. 下载对应版本源码包(这里是hbase-0.98.6-src.tar)上传服务器解压

进入目录cd hbase-thrift/src/main/resources/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/
找到Hbase.thrift文件

生成对应的python代码
thrift --gen py Hbase.thrift

拷贝对应的py模块到我们的测试路径
cp -r hbase/ /usr/local/src/hbase_test/

5. 开发

5.1使用python创建一个表格create_table.py

from thrift import Thrift
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol

from hbase import Hbase
from hbase.ttypes import *

transport = TSocket.TSocket('master', 9090)
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)

protocol = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocol(transport)

client = Hbase.Client(protocol)

transport.open()
#==============================
base_info_contents = ColumnDescriptor(name='meta-data', maxVersions=1)
other_info_contents = ColumnDescriptor(name='flags', maxVersions=1)

client.createTable('new_music_table', [base_info_contents, other_info_contents])

print client.getTableNames()

查询一下有哪些表

执行建表py文件

5.2插入一些数据insert_data.py

from thrift import Thrift
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol

from hbase import Hbase
from hbase.ttypes import *

transport = TSocket.TSocket('master', 9090)
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)

protocol = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocol(transport)

client = Hbase.Client(protocol)

transport.open()

tableName = 'new_music_table'
rowKey = '1100'

mutations = [Mutation(column="meta-data:name", value="wangqingshui"), \
        Mutation(column="meta-data:tag", value="pop"), \
        Mutation(column="flags:is_valid", value="TRUE")]

client.mutateRow(tableName, rowKey, mutations, None)

执行脚本

5.3读取一条数据get_one_line.py

from thrift import Thrift
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol

from hbase import Hbase
from hbase.ttypes import *

transport = TSocket.TSocket('master', 9090)
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)

protocol = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocol(transport)

client = Hbase.Client(protocol)

transport.open()

tableName = 'new_music_table'
rowKey = '1100'

result = client.getRow(tableName, rowKey, None)

for r in result:
    print 'the row is ' , r.row
    print 'the name is ' , r.columns.get('meta-data:name').value
    print 'the flag is ' , r.columns.get('flags:is_valid').value

5.4扫描多条数据scan_many_lines.py

from thrift import Thrift
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol

from hbase import Hbase
from hbase.ttypes import *

transport = TSocket.TSocket('master', 9090)
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)

protocol = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocol(transport)

client = Hbase.Client(protocol)

transport.open()

tableName = 'new_music_table'

scan = TScan()
id = client.scannerOpenWithScan(tableName, scan, None)
result = client.scannerGetList(id, 10)

for r in result:
    print '======'
    print 'the row is ' , r.row

    for k, v in r.columns.items():
        print "\t".join([k, v.value])

5.5mr批量插入

压缩2个模块文件

tar -zcvf hbase.tgz hbase
tar -zcvf thrift.tgz thrift
mkdir hbase_batch_insert
mv hbase.tgz hbase_batch_insert
mv thrift.tgz hbase_batch_insert

新建文件input.data_2,上传hdfs

00000cb9989b2238d6b6e2846e2f9e34        00000cb9989b2238d6b6e2846e2f9e34
00001e0296367e9a2650dca709972e3f        00001e0296367e9a2650dca709972e3f
00001f2b7ee01a85c0fc254598c31178        00001f2b7ee01a85c0fc254598c31178
00001f4d597a1a071f8884bf759b6083        00001f4d597a1a071f8884bf759b6083
00002887e3c37ebad61c224d97586fa2        00002887e3c37ebad61c224d97586fa2
000050c8d4c044baa0186c9ef2a9ae00        000050c8d4c044baa0186c9ef2a9ae00
00005dddac1b6aa7bb2e7c0f582db3af        00005dddac1b6aa7bb2e7c0f582db3af
000063a51f61dce36104848c0e56a1fa        000063a51f61dce36104848c0e56a1fa
0000650a20a546a1ae227a2176ab432c        0000650a20a546a1ae227a2176ab432c
000079e12f357b56e8a1748a0b7dc987        000079e12f357b56e8a1748a0b7dc987

map.py文件

transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)
#!/usr/bin/python

import os
import sys

os.system('tar xvzf hbase.tgz > /dev/null')
os.system('tar xvzf thrift.tgz > /dev/null')

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

sys.path.append("./")

from thrift import Thrift
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol

from hbase import Hbase
from hbase.ttypes import *

transport = TSocket.TSocket('master', 9090)
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)

protocol = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocol(transport)

client = Hbase.Client(protocol)

transport.open()

tableName = 'new_music_table'

def mapper_func():
    for line in sys.stdin:
        ss = line.strip().split('\t')
        if len(ss) != 2:
            continue
        key = ss[0].strip()
        val = ss[1].strip()

        rowKey = key

        mutations = [Mutation(column="meta-data:name", value=val), \
                Mutation(column="flags:is_valid", value="TRUE")]

        client.mutateRow(tableName, rowKey, mutations, None)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    module = sys.modules[__name__]
    func = getattr(module, sys.argv[1])
    args = None
    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
        args = sys.argv[2:]
    func(*args)

run.sh文件

HADOOP_CMD="/usr/local/src/hadoop-2.6.5/bin/hadoop"
STREAM_JAR_PATH="/usr/local/src/hadoop-2.6.5/share/hadoop/tools/lib/hadoop-streaming-2.6.5.jar"

INPUT_FILE_PATH_1="/input.data_2"
OUTPUT_PATH="/output_hbase"

$HADOOP_CMD fs -rmr -skipTrash $OUTPUT_PATH

# Step 1.
$HADOOP_CMD jar $STREAM_JAR_PATH \
    -input $INPUT_FILE_PATH_1 \
    -output $OUTPUT_PATH \
    -mapper "python map.py mapper_func" \
    -file ./map.py \
    -file "./hbase.tgz" \
    -file "./thrift.tgz"

执行脚本bash run.sh查询表。

刷新数据flush 'new_music_table'查看端口

分裂Regionhbase(main):011:0>split 'new_music_table','c507bbc927ffc2d1e28a7b68d2a1caec'

继续分裂hbase(main):012:0>split 'new_music_table','dbd66c6c9574cbe2bf30c9d5ecb29f35'

合并`hbase(main):013:0>merge_region 'dbd66c6c9574cbe2bf30c9d5ecb29f35','8ce735a542ab436575206fc2a0dc8eca',true

java操作Hbase

pom.xml

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
      <artifactId>hbase-it</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>

简单CRUD

HabseDemo.java

package com.hadoop;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class HabseDemo {
    public static final String TABLENAME = "new_music_table";
    public static final String COLUMNFAMILY = "meta-data";

    public static Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
    //表管理类
    private static HBaseAdmin hBaseAdmin;
    //数据管理类
    private static HTable table;

    @Before
    public void init() throws Exception {
        conf.set("hbase.master", "192.168.74.10:60000");
        conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.74.10,192.168.74.11,192.168.74.12");
        hBaseAdmin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
        table = new HTable(conf, TABLENAME);
    }

    @After
    public void destory() throws IOException {
        if (hBaseAdmin != null) {
            hBaseAdmin.close();
        }
        if (table != null) {
            table.close();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 创建表
     */
    @Test
    public void createTable() throws IOException {
        HTableDescriptor desc = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(TABLENAME));
        HColumnDescriptor family = new HColumnDescriptor(COLUMNFAMILY.getBytes());
        desc.addFamily(family);
        hBaseAdmin.createTable(desc);
        System.out.println("创建表" + TABLENAME + ";列簇为:" + COLUMNFAMILY + ";成功!!!");
    }


    @Test
    public void addtest() {
        try {
            addOneRecord(TABLENAME, "ip=192.168.74.200-001", COLUMNFAMILY, "ip", "192.168.1.201");
            addOneRecord(TABLENAME, "ip=192.168.74.200-001", COLUMNFAMILY, "name", "zhangsan");
            addOneRecord(TABLENAME, "ip=192.168.74.200-001", COLUMNFAMILY, "age", "15");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param TABLENAME 表名
     * @param rowKey    行号
     * @param family    列簇
     * @param qualifier 列名
     * @param value     值
     * @throws IOException 添加一条信息
     */
    public static void addOneRecord(String tableName, String rowKey, String family, String qualifier, String value)
            throws IOException {
        Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
        put.add(Bytes.toBytes(family), Bytes.toBytes(qualifier), Bytes.toBytes(value));
        table.put(put);
        System.out.println("insert record " + rowKey + " to table " + tableName + " success");
    }

    @Test
    public void getByRow(){
        try {
            selectRowKey(TABLENAME,"ip=192.168.74.200-001");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 查询单条记录
     * @param tableName  表名
     * @param rowKey     行名
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void selectRowKey(String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException {
        Get g = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
        Result rs = table.get(g);
        for (Cell kv : rs.rawCells()) {
            System.out.println("--------------------" + new String(kv.getRow()) + "----------------------------");
            System.out.println("Column Family: " + new String(kv.getFamily()));
            System.out.println("Column       :" + new String(kv.getQualifier()));
            System.out.println("value        : " + new String(kv.getValue()));
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void DeleteByRow(){
        try {
            delOneRecord(TABLENAME,"ip=192.168.74.200-001");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 删除单条数据
     * @param tableName  表名
     * @param rowKey     行名
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void delOneRecord(String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException {
        table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
        List<Delete> list = new ArrayList<Delete>();
        Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());
        list.add(delete);
        table.delete(list);
        System.out.println("delete record " + rowKey + " success!");
    }

}

多条件查询

HbaseScanManyRecords.java

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.derby.iapi.types.DataValueDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HConstants;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.BinaryComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.CompareFilter.CompareOp;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.Filter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.FilterList;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.RowFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.SingleColumnValueFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.dmg.pmml.False;

public class HbaseScanManyRecords {
    private static final DataValueDescriptor CellUtil = null;

    public static Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
    public static Connection connection = null;
    public static Table table = null;

    public static void getManyRecords() throws IOException {

        connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf("new_music_table"));

        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setCaching(100);
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);

        for (Result result : scanner) {
            System.out.print("=================");
            for (KeyValue kv : result.raw()) {
                System.out.print(new String(kv.getRow()) + " ");
                System.out.print(new String(kv.getFamily()) + ":");
                System.out.print(new String(kv.getQualifier()) + " ");
                System.out.print(kv.getTimestamp() + " ");
                System.out.println(new String(kv.getValue()));
            }
        }

        scanner.close();
        table.close();
        connection.close();
    }


/*
    public static void getManyRecordsWithFilter(String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException {
        table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setCaching(100);
//              scan.setStartRow(Bytes.toBytes("ip=10.11.1.2-996"));
//              scan.setStopRow(Bytes.toBytes("ip=10.11.1.2-997"));
        Filter filter = new RowFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)));
        scan.setFilter(filter);
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result result : scanner) {
            for (KeyValue kv : result.raw()) {
                System.out.print(new String(kv.getRow()) + " ");
                System.out.print(new String(kv.getFamily()) + ":");
                System.out.print(new String(kv.getQualifier()) + " ");
                System.out.print(kv.getTimestamp() + " ");
                System.out.println(new String(kv.getValue()));
            }
        }
    }
    */

    public static void getManyRecordsWithFilter(String tableName, ArrayList<String> rowKeyList) throws IOException {
        table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setCaching(100);
        List<Filter> filters = new ArrayList<Filter>();
        for(int i = 0; i < rowKeyList.size(); i++) {
            filters.add(new RowFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes(rowKeyList.get(i)))));
        }
        FilterList filerList = new FilterList(FilterList.Operator.MUST_PASS_ONE, filters);
        scan.setFilter(filerList);
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result result : scanner) {
            System.out.println("===============");
            for (KeyValue kv : result.raw()) {
                System.out.print(new String(kv.getRow()) + " ");
                System.out.print(new String(kv.getFamily()) + ":");
                System.out.print(new String(kv.getQualifier()) + " ");
                System.out.print(kv.getTimestamp() + " ");
                System.out.println(new String(kv.getValue()));
            }
        }
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        conf.set("hbase.master", "192.168.74.10:60000");
        conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.74.10,192.168.74.11,192.168.74.12");
        //conf.setLong("hbase.client.scanner.caching", 100);

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        try {
                      //getManyRecords();
                      //getManyRecordsWithFilter("user_action_table", "1001");

            ArrayList<String> whiteRowKeyList =new ArrayList<>();
            whiteRowKeyList.add("ip=192.168.74.200-001");
            whiteRowKeyList.add("1100");
            getManyRecordsWithFilter("new_music_table", whiteRowKeyList);

            //getManyRecords(TableName);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

hive&&Hbase

首先创建一张hbase表create 'classes','user'

插入数据

put 'classes','001','user:name','jack'
put 'classes','001','user:age','20'
put 'classes','002','user:name','liza'
put 'classes','002','user:age','18'

然后创建hive表

create external table classes(id int, name string, age int) 
STORED BY 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.hbase.HBaseStorageHandler' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ("hbase.columns.mapping" = ":key,user:name,user:age") 
TBLPROPERTIES("hbase.table.name" = "classes");

在hbase中添加数据

put 'classes','003','user:name','wangwu'
put 'classes','003','user:age','55'

posted on 2019-07-19 15:23 农夫三拳有點疼阅读(20) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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