python接口测试（叮趣接口实例）

#————————————————————————————————————叮趣接口实例——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
import requests   #先导入包,这是必须的
import json
import re
class AddBook(object):
    def __init__(self, name,phone='78787'):#默认值78787
        self.name = name
        self.phone=phone
    def get_denglu(self):
        u'''实现叮趣登录接口(GET请求)'''
        url = "https://services.ding-qu.com/v3/user/login/accountpassword?logul_longitude%5B%5D=113.357769&logul_longitude%5B%5D=23.134109&logul_precision=65.000000&mu_device=683028364449151212084245&mu_password=8a05529ec2d68a4d81b3ca6937ca2728&uservalues=18612260669"#测试的接口url
        headers = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}
        r = requests.get(url = url,headers = headers)
        print (r.text)   #获取响应报文
        #print (r.status_code)#响应状态码
        wei=r.text
        rr=re.findall(r"access_token\":\"(.+?)\"",wei)
        a= "" .join(rr)
        self.phone=a
        #print(self.phone)#打印全局变量
        if r.status_code==200:
            print('登录成功')
        else:
            print ('登录失败')

    def get_phone(self):
        u'''获取叮趣首页接口(POST请求)'''
        while self.name<10:
            #print(self.name)
            url = 'https://services.ding-qu.com/v3/user/tansuo/getlist'
            data={"mu_id":889,"mdq_picturecoordinate":[113.357725,23.134038],"page":{"current":1,"rowcount":50,"srotfield":[]}}
            headers ={'Content-Type':'application/json','access_token':''+(self.phone)}#引用变量self.phone(拼接字符串)
            r = requests.post(url,json = data,headers = headers)
            chen=r.json()#把响应的json数据写入到chen
#             print(chen)#打印响应json数据
#             print(r.url)#返回url地址
#             print (r.status_code)#响应状态码
            print(r.text)#打印响应数据
            a=r.text
            chen='操作成功' in a
            if chen==True:
                print("获取首页列表-断言成功")
            else:
                print("获取首页列表-断言失败")
            return r.url


# 调用
if __name__ == "__main__":
    Detian = AddBook(5)#创建对象,只传一个值
    Meng = AddBook(5, '18210413002')#实例化类，或为类创建对象
    chen1=Meng.get_denglu()#调用登录接口
    #print(chen1)
    Meng.get_phone()
    #print (Detian.get_phone())#通过Detian对象调用(调用首页接口)
    #print (Meng.get_phone())#通过Meng对象调用

1.基本请求示例：

import requests

##_________________________________________post请求____________________________________________________
def post_url(dada):
    headers = {'content-type': 'application/json',
               'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:22.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/22.0'}
    r = requests.post('https://api.github.com/some/endpoint', data=data, headers=headers)
    print(r.text)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    data = {'some': 'data'}#参数
    post_url(data)



#_________________________________________get请求_____________________________________________________
#1、无参数实例
ret = requests.get('https://qqlykm.cn/api/api/tq.php?city=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC')
print('请求的url:',ret.url)
print('响应内容_自动解码:\n',ret.text)#自动解码
print('响应内容_不解码:\n',ret.content.decode('UTF-8'))#默认不解码(bytes格式), 需要decode解码
print('请求方法:',ret.request)
print('状态码',ret.status_code)

print ('响应头部字符编码:',ret.encoding)
print('服务器发回的cookies:',ret.cookies)
print('响应头:\n',ret.headers)##可在响应头查看字段print(ret.headers['Content-Type'])
print('从发送请求到响应的时间/秒:',ret.elapsed)
print ('响应转字典：\n',ret.json())#python中json就是字典
print('响应的解析头链接',ret.links)


## 2、有参数实例
payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
ret = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get", params=payload)
print(ret.url)
print(ret.text)


# #3.带有headers
headers={"Content-Tpye":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
url='http://httpbin.org/get'
ret = requests.get(url=url, headers = headers)
print('请求的url',ret.url)
print('响应内容',ret.text)


## 4.带有headers及参数
headers = {"User-Agent" : "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0;"}##设置请求Headers头部
#请求输入参数
p = {"city":"广州"}
url_temp = "https://qqlykm.cn/api/api/tq.php?"
#requests发送请求
result = requests.get(url_temp,headers=headers,params=p)
print(result.status_code)
print(result.text)

案例二：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8
import requests
from requests.exceptions import ReadTimeout,ConnectionError,RequestException

def chen():
    try:
        headers = {"User-Agent" : "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0;"}##设置请求Headers头部
        p = {"city":"广州"}
        url_temp = "https://qqlykm.cn/api/api/tq.php?"
        result = requests.get(url_temp,headers=headers,params=p,allow_redirects=True,verify=False,timeout=0.5)#allow_redirects是否重定向，，verify是否证书验证(默认True，False跳过验证)，，timeout超时时间-单位秒
        print(result.status_code)
        print(result.text)
    except ReadTimeout:
        print('读取超时')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    chen()

2.设置超时时间&异常捕获：

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8

import time
import requests

url = 'http://chenwei.com'

print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))
try:
    html = requests.get(url, timeout=5)
    print('打印响应内容',html.read())
    print('返回url',html.url)
    print('success')
#捕获超时类型
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
    print('已经超时了')
    print(e)

print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))

3.代理请求：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8
import requests

url = 'http://test.yeves.cn/test_header.php'

params = {'id':'1','name':'test'}
#params = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': ['value2', 'value3']}
headers = {
    'User-Agent':'test'
}
cookies = {'name':'gggg'}
proxies = {
  "http": "http://36.36.115.170:8197",
}
#param请求参数，allow_redirects是否启动重定向，proxies代理ip，headers请求头
response = requests.get(url,params=params,cookies=cookies,allow_redirects=False,proxies=proxies,headers=headers)
print(response)
print(response.status_code)
print(response.encoding)
print(response.headers)
print(response.url)
print(response.json())
print(response.history)

4.多字段对比场景(可在ms中使用)

  # _______________________判断a==a1，b==b1，c==c1，d==d1_______________________________
    a = ["chenwei", "wei"]
    b = "b"
    c = "c"
    d = {
        "name": "点击量",
        "historyBack": False,
        "assetTypes": [
            {
                "operation": "DISABLE",
                "feed_delivery_search": "DISABLED"
            }
        ],
        "flag": ""
    }

    a1 = ["chenwei", "wei"]
    b1 = "b"
    c1 = "c"
    d1 = {
        "name": "点击量",
        "historyBack": False,
        "assetTypes": [
            {
                "operation": "DISABLE",
                "feed_delivery_search": "DISABLED"
            }
        ],
        "flag": "chenwei"
    }

    # 把变量分别放到list
    strings = [a, b, c, d]
    strings1 = [a1, b1, c1, d1]
    #判断变量是值是否相等
    are_equal = all(x == y for x, y in zip(strings, strings1))
    if are_equal==True:
        print("判断多个变量相等:", are_equal)
    else:
        print("strings和strings1的值不完全相......")
        if len(strings) == len(strings1):
            print("strings和strings1元素个数相同")
            for i in range(len(strings)):
                print("原始数据:{}___媒体数据:{}".format(strings[i],strings1[i]))
        else:
            print("strings和strings1元素个数不相同")
            print("strings数据:".format(strings))
            print("strings1数据:".format(strings1))

5.重试重试：

import requests
from retrying import retry

# 定义重试装饰器
@retry(wait_fixed=2000, stop_max_attempt_number=3)
def make_request(url):
    response = requests.get(url, timeout=5)
    response.raise_for_status()
    return response

# 使用重试装饰器调用请求函数
try:
    response = make_request('https://example.com')
    print(response.text)
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
    print(f"请求失败: {str(e)}")

7.POST常见提交方式：

1.表单数据（Form Data）：
使用data参数传递表单数据，可以是一个字典或一个字符串。requests库会自动将数据编码为表单格式并发送给服务器。示例代码如下：

import requests

data = {'username': 'john', 'password': 'secret'}
response = requests.post('https://api.example.com/post', data=data)

2.JSON数据：
使用json参数传递JSON格式的数据。requests库会自动将数据编码为JSON格式并发送给服务器。示例代码如下：

import requests

data = {'name': 'John Doe', 'email': 'john@example.com'}
response = requests.post('https://api.example.com/post', json=data)

3.文件上传：
使用files参数上传文件。files参数是一个字典，其中键是字段名，值可以是文件对象或文件路径。示例代码如下：

import requests

files = {'file': open('file.txt', 'rb')}
response = requests.post('https://api.example.com/upload', files=files)

4.自定义请求体：
如果需要更灵活地控制请求体的内容，可以通过data参数直接传递字符串形式的请求体。示例代码如下：

import requests

payload = 'Custom request body'
response = requests.post('https://api.example.com/post', data=payload)

chen_2987