数据库采用多表连接查询,对应javaBean文件连接方式

 

在一个Web项目中,只要是存在数据库就一定会有JavaBean文件。
一个JavaBean文件会对应一张数据库中的表,供dao中的代码来调用用来存取数据。
我们都知道,在数据库设计的时候,如果A、B两张表存在一对多的关系,一定会将一那方的主键设置为多一方的外键来建立关联关系

比如HR项目中,职位表与员工表、部门表与员工表、级别表与员工表,都存在着一对多的关系(一个职位对应多个员工,一个部门对应多个员工等)
在CDM(数据模型)数据库设计中如图:

两个或多个实体中存在多对一的关系
转换成PDM(物理模型)后,如图:

在这里就出现了关联关系。

 

那么在Web项目中的JavaBean文件应该如何建立它们之间的关联关系呢?

一般来讲我们通常会这样做:

//员工表对应的JavaBean
public class Employe {
    private int id;
    private int eid;
    private String name;
    private Date bornDate;
    private String gender;
    private String email;
    private String phone;
    private Date joinDate;
    private short levelId;
    private short departmentId;
    private short postId;
    private byte zaizhi;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public int getEid() {
        return eid;
    }
    public void setEid(int eid) {
        this.eid = eid;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Date getBornDate() {
        return bornDate;
    }
    public void setBornDate(Date bornDate) {
        this.bornDate = bornDate;
    }
    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }
    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }
    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }
    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }
    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }
    public Date getJoinDate() {
        return joinDate;
    }
    public void setJoinDate(Date joinDate) {
        this.joinDate = joinDate;
    }
    public short getLevelId() {
        return levelId;
    }
    public void setLevelId(short levelId) {
        this.levelId = levelId;
    }
    public short getDepartmentId() {
        return departmentId;
    }
    public void setDepartmentId(short departmentId) {
        this.departmentId = departmentId;
    }
    public short getPostId() {
        return postId;
    }
    public void setPostId(short postId) {
        this.postId = postId;
    }
    public byte getZaizhi() {
        return zaizhi;
    }
    public void setZaizhi(byte zaizhi) {
        this.zaizhi = zaizhi;
    }
}

//
职位表对应的JavaBean public class Post { private short postId; private String postName; public short getPostId() { return postId; } public void setPostId(short postId) { this.postId = postId; } public String getPostName() { return postName; } public void setPostName(String postName) { this.postName = postName; } }
//部门表对应的JavaBean
public class Department {
    private short departmentId;
    private String departmentName;
    
    
    public short getDepartmentId() {
        return departmentId;
    }
    public void setDepartmentId(short departmentId) {
        this.departmentId = departmentId;
    }
    public String getDepartmentName() {
        return departmentName;
    }
    public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
        this.departmentName = departmentName;
    }
    
}
//级别表对应的JavaBean
public class Level {
    private short levelId;
    private String levelName;
    
    
    public short getLevelId() {
        return levelId;
    }
    public void setLevelId(short levelId) {
        this.levelId = levelId;
    }
    public String getLevelName() {
        return levelName;
    }
    public void setLevelName(String levelName) {
        this.levelName = levelName;
    }
    
}

 

现在的需求是:多表联查显示每个员工对应的职位名,部门名称,级别名称

首先说不好的解决方式:

1、可以在Employe中增加writerPostName字段来存储职位名、增加writerDepartmentName字段储存部门名称、添加writerLevelName字段储存级别名称。这样当然是可以的。

不过,我们现在的需求是需要得到postName、departmentName、levelName,我们加writerPostName、writerDepartmentName、writerLevelName字段来接收,那如果我们哪天又多了个需求,需要再得到Employe中的其它字段该怎么办呢?这显然很麻烦!

2、可以在jsp页面使用<c:if   test=""></c:if>将取到的员工的postId、departmentId、levelId值与各个从表的id值进行比对,然后输出对应的postName、departmentName、levelName但是违背了jsp只负责显示规范,而且效率不高

 

并且,有很重要的一点:

在基础的Web项目中,基本的文件规划应该是:

    各个部分功能大致是这样的:

      bean包中为JavaBean文件,用于对数据的存取操作

      dao中定义一系列业务逻辑操作需要的数据库增删改查操作需要的接口

      dao.impl中为dao的实现类

      service中为一些业务逻辑实现方法

      servlet中为一些Servlet文件,用来接收jsp中传递过来的参数值,然后调用service中的方法进行业务处理,最后进行页面跳转

      .jsp文件只负责显示

 

到现在,我们还忘记一件事情: 

在Java中有一个很重要的概念、也是一个很不好理解透彻的概念:面向对象的思想

 

之前的方法无法将面向对象的思想体现出来,那我们现在就换一个方法:

刚才我们考虑到,用增加字段来解决问题。

同样的,如果我们将Post、Department、Level中的所有属性都添加到的Employe中,我们为何不在Employe中建立三个Post、Department、Level类型的对象来存储这些信息呢!

所以,我们可以将Employe改善成:

public class Employe {
    private int id;
    private int eid;
    private String name;
    private Date bornDate;
    private String gender;
    private String email;
    private String phone;
    private Date joinDate;
    private short levelId;
    private short departmentId;
    private short postId;
    private byte zaizhi;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public int getEid() {
        return eid;
    }
    public void setEid(int eid) {
        this.eid = eid;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Date getBornDate() {
        return bornDate;
    }
    public void setBornDate(Date bornDate) {
        this.bornDate = bornDate;
    }
    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }
    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }
    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }
    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }
    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }
    public Date getJoinDate() {
        return joinDate;
    }
    public void setJoinDate(Date joinDate) {
        this.joinDate = joinDate;
    }
    public short getLevelId() {
        return levelId;
    }
    public void setLevelId(short levelId) {
        this.levelId = levelId;
    }
    public short getDepartmentId() {
        return departmentId;
    }
    public void setDepartmentId(short departmentId) {
        this.departmentId = departmentId;
    }
    public short getPostId() {
        return postId;
    }
    public void setPostId(short postId) {
        this.postId = postId;
    }
    public byte getZaizhi() {
        return zaizhi;
    }
    public void setZaizhi(byte zaizhi) {
        this.zaizhi = zaizhi;
    }


    //新添加的类型对象
    private Post post;
    private Department department;
    private Level level;
    public Post getPost() {
        return post;
    }
    public void setPost(Post post) {
        this.post = post;
    }
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }
    public Level getLevel() {
        return level;
    }
    public void setLevel(Level level) {
        this.level = level;
    }
    
}

 

这样我们将一个Post对象、一个Department对象、一个Level对象存入到Employe中,我们就可以利用这三个对象中的任意属性了。

 

 

那Post、Department、Level中是否需要改善呢?

那当然需要了。

如果也考虑到面向对象的思想,我们应该进行这样的改善:

public class Post {
    private short postId;
    private String postName;
    private ArrayList<Employe> employes;
    
    
    public ArrayList<Employe> getEmployes() {
        return employes;
    }
    public void setEmployes(ArrayList<Employe> employes) {
        this.employes = employes;
    }
    public short getPostId() {
        return postId;
    }
    public void setPostId(short postId) {
        this.postId = postId;
    }
    public String getPostName() {
        return postName;
    }
    public void setPostName(String postName) {
        this.postName = postName;
    }
    
}

该职位的所有员工以一个列表方式存放在Post中

public class Department {
    private short departmentId;
    private String departmentName;
    private ArrayList<Employe> employes;
    
    
    
    public ArrayList<Employe> getEmployes() {
        return employes;
    }
    public void setEmployes(ArrayList<Employe> employes) {
        this.employes = employes;
    }
    public short getDepartmentId() {
        return departmentId;
    }
    public void setDepartmentId(short departmentId) {
        this.departmentId = departmentId;
    }
    public String getDepartmentName() {
        return departmentName;
    }
    public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
        this.departmentName = departmentName;
    }
    
}

该部门的所有员工以一个列表方式存放在Department中

public class Level {
    private short levelId;
    private String levelName;
    private ArrayList<Employe> employes;
    
    
    
    public ArrayList<Employe> getEmployes() {
        return employes;
    }
    public void setEmployes(ArrayList<Employe> employes) {
        this.employes = employes;
    }
    public short getLevelId() {
        return levelId;
    }
    public void setLevelId(short levelId) {
        this.levelId = levelId;
    }
    public String getLevelName() {
        return levelName;
    }
    public void setLevelName(String levelName) {
        this.levelName = levelName;
    }
    
}

该级别的所有员工以一个列表方式存放在Level中

综上所述:

      在数据库表中一对多的关联是利用外键的方式

 

 

      而在JavaBean中,这些文件之间一对多的关联是:

 

 

      在一的一方建立一个多一方的列表

 

 

      在多的一方建立一个一一方的对象

 

 

 

 

最后:在jsp页面取值

对象.post.getPostName()

对象.department.getDepartmentName()

对象.level.getLevelName()

posted @ 2015-11-27 23:57  龙昊雪  阅读(2194)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报