栈 —— 顺序存储

顺序栈

顺序栈的存储结构定义:

1 #include <stdio.h>
2 #include <stdlib.h>
3 #define Stack_Size 20
4 typedef char StackElementType;
5 typedef struct {
6     StackElementType elem[Stack_Size];
7     int top;
8 }SeqStack;

 

初始化顺序栈:

 1 /*初始化顺序栈*/
 2 SeqStack* initStack() {
 3     SeqStack* s = (SeqStack*)malloc(sizeof(SeqStack));
 4     s->top = -1;
 5     return s;
 6 }
 7 int main(){
 8     SeqStack* s = initStack();
 9     return 0;
10 }

 

顺序栈进栈:

进栈时,首先判断当前栈是否已满,如果栈已满,还要进栈就会发生上溢。

 1 /*顺序栈进栈*/
 2 int push(SeqStack *s,StackElementType x) {
 3     if (s->top==Stack_Size-1)
 4     {
 5         return false; /*栈已满*/
 6     }
 7     /*进栈*/
 8     s->top++;   
 9     s->elem[s->top] = x;
10     return true;
11 }

 

顺序栈出栈:

出栈时,首先判断当前栈是否为空,如果栈空,还要出栈就会发生下溢。

 1 /*顺序栈出栈*/
 2 int pop(SeqStack *s,StackElementType *x) {
 3     /*判断栈是否为空*/
 4     if (s->top==-1)
 5     {
 6         return false;
 7     }
 8     else
 9     {
10         *x = s->elem[s->top]; /*栈顶元素赋给x*/
11         s->top--;
12         return true;
13     }

 

顺序栈获取栈顶元素:

 1 /*获取栈顶元素*/
 2 int getTop(SeqStack *s,StackElementType *x) {
 3     if (s->top==-1)
 4     {
 5         return false;
 6 
 7     }
 8     else
 9     {
10         *x = s->elem[s->top];
11         return true;
12     }
13 }

 

顺序栈置成空栈:

1 void clearStack(SeqStack *s) {
2     s->top = -1;
3 }

 

顺序栈操作总代码:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <stdlib.h>
 3 #define Stack_Size 10
 4 typedef int StackElementType;
 5 typedef struct {
 6     StackElementType elem[Stack_Size];
 7     int top;
 8 
 9 }SeqStack;
10 /*初始化顺序栈*/
11 SeqStack* initStack() {
12     SeqStack* s = (SeqStack*)malloc(sizeof(SeqStack));
13     s->top = -1;
14     return s;
15 }
16 /*顺序栈进栈*/
17 int push(SeqStack *s,StackElementType x) {
18     /*栈满*/
19     if (s->top==Stack_Size-1)
20     {
21         return false;
22     }
23     /*进栈*/
24     s->top++;
25     s->elem[s->top] = x;
26     return true;
27 }
28 /*顺序栈出栈*/
29 int pop(SeqStack *s,StackElementType *x) {
30     /*判断栈是否为空*/
31     if (s->top==-1)
32     {
33         return false;
34     }
35     else
36     {
37         *x = s->elem[s->top];
38         s->top--;
39         return true;
40     }
41 }
42 /*获取栈顶元素*/
43 int getTop(SeqStack *s,StackElementType *x) {
44     if (s->top==-1)
45     {
46         return false;
47 
48     }
49     else
50     {
51         *x = s->elem[s->top];
52         return true;
53     }
54 }
55 void clearStack(SeqStack *s) {
56     s->top = -1;
57 }
58 /*栈特点:先进后出或后进先出*/
59 void printfStack(SeqStack *s) {
60     printf("栈内元素:");
61     for (int i = s->top; i >=0; i--)
62     {
63         printf("%d ", s->elem[i]);
64     }
65     printf("\n");
66 }
67 int main() {
68     StackElementType x;
69     SeqStack* s = initStack();
70     for (int i = 3; i <=9; i+=3)
71     {
72         push(s,i);
73         printfStack(s); /*每进栈一次打印栈内元素一次*/
74     }
75     pop(s, &x);  /*出栈的元素存入x*/
76     printf("出栈元素:%d\n", x);
77 
78     printf("置空");
79     clearStack(s);
80     printfStack(s);
81 
82     return 0;
83 }

 

顺序栈的应用:

判断数组中缺少的小括号

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <stdlib.h>
 3 #define Stack_Size 10
 4 typedef char StackElementType;
 5 typedef struct {
 6     StackElementType elem[Stack_Size];
 7     int top;
 8 
 9 }SeqStack;
10 /*初始化顺序栈*/
11 SeqStack* initStack() {
12     SeqStack* s = (SeqStack*)malloc(sizeof(SeqStack));
13     s->top = -1;
14     return s;
15 }
16 /*顺序栈进栈*/
17 int push(SeqStack *s,StackElementType x) {
18     /*栈满*/
19     if (s->top==Stack_Size-1)
20     {
21         return false;
22     }
23     /*进栈*/
24     s->top++;
25     s->elem[s->top] = x;
26     return true;
27 }
28 /*顺序栈出栈*/
29 int pop(SeqStack *s,StackElementType *x) {
30     /*判断栈是否为空*/
31     if (s->top==-1)
32     {
33         return false;
34     }
35     else
36     {
37         *x = s->elem[s->top];
38         s->top--;
39         return true;
40     }
41 }
42 int main() {
43     StackElementType x;
44     SeqStack* s = initStack();
45     char str[100] = "(7*8)/(5*(9-5)*7";
46     for (int i = 0; str[i]!='\0'; i++)
47     {
48         if (str[i]=='(')
49         {
50             push(s, str[i]);
51         }
52         if (str[i]==')')
53         {
54             if (s->top == -1) {
55                 printf("missing (");
56                 return true;
57             }
58             else
59             {
60                 pop(s, &x);
61             }
62         }
63 
64     }
65     if (s->top ==- 1) {
66         printf("right");
67     }
68     else 
69     {
70         printf("missing )");
71     }
72     return 0;
73 }

 

posted @ 2020-10-03 20:59  笺笙  阅读(215)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报