new Map的妙用
const actions = new Map([
[1, ['processing','IndexPage']],
[2, ['fail','FailPage']],
[3, ['fail','FailPage']],
[4, ['success','SuccessPage']],
[5, ['cancel','CancelPage']],
['default', ['other','Index']]
])
/** * 按钮点击事件 * @param {number} status 活动状态:1 开团进行中 2 开团失败 3 商品售罄 4 开团成功 5 系统取消 */
const onButtonClick = (status)=>{ let action = actions.get(status) || actions.get('default') sendLog(action[0]) jumpTo(action[1]) }
这样写用到了es6里的Map对象,是不是更爽了?Map对象和Object对象有什么区别呢?
- 一个对象通常都有自己的原型,所以一个对象总有一个"prototype"键。
- 一个对象的键只能是字符串或者Symbols,但一个Map的键可以是任意值。
- 你可以通过size属性很容易地得到一个Map的键值对个数,而对象的键值对个数只能手动确认。
const actions = new Map([
['guest_1', ()=>{/*do sth*/}],
['guest_2', ()=>{/*do sth*/}],
['guest_3', ()=>{/*do sth*/}],
['guest_4', ()=>{/*do sth*/}],
['guest_5', ()=>{/*do sth*/}],
['master_1', ()=>{/*do sth*/}],
['master_2', ()=>{/*do sth*/}],
['master_3', ()=>{/*do sth*/}],
['master_4', ()=>{/*do sth*/}],
['master_5', ()=>{/*do sth*/}],
['default', ()=>{/*do sth*/}],
])
/** * 按钮点击事件 * @param {string} identity 身份标识:guest客态 master主态 * @param {number} status 活动状态:1 开团进行中 2 开团失败 3 开团成功 4 商品售罄 5 有库存未开团 */
const onButtonClick = (identity,status)=>{
let action = actions.get(`${identity}_${status}`) || actions.get('default')
action.call(this)
}
当然上述代码如果用Object对象来实现也是类似的:
const actions = {
'guest_1':()=>{/*do sth*/},
'guest_2':()=>{/*do sth*/},
//....
}
const onButtonClick = (identity,status)=>{
let action = actions[`${identity}_${status}`] || actions['default']
action.call(this)
}
如果有些同学觉得把查询条件拼成字符串有点别扭,那还有一种方案,就是用Map对象,以Object对象作为key:
const actions = new Map([
[{identity:'guest',status:1},()=>{/*do sth*/}],
[{identity:'guest',status:2},()=>{/*do sth*/}],
//...
])
const onButtonClick = (identity,status)=>{
let action = [...actions].filter(([key,value])=>(key.identity == identity && key.status == status))
action.forEach(([key,value])=>value.call(this))
}
我们现在再将难度升级一点点,假如guest情况下,status1-4的处理逻辑都一样怎么办,最差的情况是这样:
const actions = new Map([
[{identity:'guest',status:1},()=>{/* functionA */}],
[{identity:'guest',status:2},()=>{/* functionA */}],
[{identity:'guest',status:3},()=>{/* functionA */}],
[{identity:'guest',status:4},()=>{/* functionA */}],
[{identity:'guest',status:5},()=>{/* functionB */}],
//...
])
好一点的写法是将处理逻辑函数进行缓存:
const actions = ()=>{
const functionA = ()=>{/*do sth*/}
const functionB = ()=>{/*do sth*/}
return new Map([
[{identity:'guest',status:1},functionA],
[{identity:'guest',status:2},functionA],
[{identity:'guest',status:3},functionA],
[{identity:'guest',status:4},functionA],
[{identity:'guest',status:5},functionB],
//... ])
}
const onButtonClick = (identity,status)=>{
let action = [...actions()].filter(([key,value])=>(key.identity == identity && key.status == status))
action.forEach(([key,value])=>value.call(this))
}
这样写已经能满足日常需求了,但认真一点讲,上面重写了4次functionA还是有点不爽,假如判断条件变得特别复杂,比如identity有3种状态,status有10种状态,那你需要定义30条处理逻辑,而往往这些逻辑里面很多都是相同的,这似乎也是笔者不想接受的,那可以这样实现:
const actions = ()=>{
const functionA=()=>{console.log('A')}
const functionB=()=>{console.log('B')}
return new Map(
[
[/^guest_[1-4]$/,functionA],
[/^guest_5$/,functionB]
]
)
};
const abc = (identity,status)=>{
let action = [...actions()].filter(([key,value])=>{
return key.test(`${identity}_${status}`)
})
action.forEach(([key,value])=>value.call(this))
}
abc('guest',5)
这里Map的优势更加凸显,可以用正则类型作为key了,这样就有了无限可能,假如需求变成,凡是guest情况都要发送一个日志埋点,不同status情况也需要单独的逻辑处理,那我们可以这样写:
const actions = ()=>{
const functionA = ()=>{/*do sth*/}
const functionB = ()=>{/*do sth*/}
const functionC = ()=>{/*send log*/}
return new Map([
[/^guest_[1-4]$/,functionA],
/^guest_5$/,functionB],
/^guest_.*$/,functionC], //... ])
}
const onButtonClick = (identity,status)=>{ let action = [...actions()].filter(([key,value])=>(key.test(`${identity}_${status}`))) action.forEach(([key,value])=>value.call(this)) }