Linux Centos7安装mysql5.7详细教程【tar包安装】

一. 准备资源

1.准备资源，去官网下载mysql的tar包

1.1点击进入官网地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/

1.2 选择community

 

1.3 选择5.7对应的版本下载

2.上传tar包到服务器

/usr/local/

二.开始安装
3.卸载系统自带的Mariadb

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64

4.删除etc目录下的my.cnf文件

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf
rm: cannot remove ?etc/my.cnf? No such file or directory

5.检查mysql是否存在

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# 

6.检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无创建

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql 
[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]#  cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

7.创建mysql用户组

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# groupadd mysql

8.创建一个用户名为mysql的用户并加入mysql用户组

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

9.制定password 为111111

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# passwd mysql
Changing password for user mysql.
New password: 
BAD PASSWORD: The password is a palindrome
Retype new password: 
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

10.准备解压安装/usr/local

root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz 
[root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql57
 
#更改所属的组和用户
[root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# chown -R mysql mysql57/
[root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# chgrp -R mysql mysql57/
[root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# cd mysql57/
 
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# mkdir data
 
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chown -R mysql:mysql data

11 在etc下新建配置文件my.cnf，并在该文件内添加以下配置(注意点，复制到my.cnf中检查一下每一行前后面不能有空格)

[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
#设置3306端口
port = 3306
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql57
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql57/data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16M

12. 安装和初始化（如果提示-bash: ./mysqld:没有那个文件或目录就去查找你mysql_install_db的目录，我的是在/usr/local/mysql57/scripts下）

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql57/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql57/data/
2017-04-17 17:40:02 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2017-04-17 17:40:05 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
2017-04-17 17:40:05 [WARNING] 2017-04-17T09:40:02.728710Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
2017-04-17T09:40:02.729161Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2017-04-17T09:40:02.729167Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 407 (requested 2000)

注意点：如果执行上面出现

FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:

需要先执行如下命令

yum -y install autoconf 
yum install libaio* -y

再执行

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql57/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql57/data/

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf 
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

13.重启

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

14.设置开机启动

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --list mysqld
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --list mysqld
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# service mysqld status
 SUCCESS! MySQL running (4475)

15.设置环境变量vim /etc/profile/ (把export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql57/bin加入到最后一行如果存在就不需要添加)

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql57/bin

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# source /etc/profile

16. 获得初始密码（如果获取不到就跳过这步，继续下面的操作）

[root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-04-17 17:40:02 
_pB*3VZl5T<6

17. 修改密码（如果上一步没有获取到初始密码，Enter password:   这里直接回车即可）

[root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.18
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD('111111');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
20 mysql> exit

18 .添加远程访问权限

在本机先使用root用户登录mysql： mysql -u root -p"youpassword" 进行授权操作：
 
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'youpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
 
重载授权表：
 
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
 
退出mysql数据库：
 
exit

19.重启生效（以下重启方法二选一即可）

/bin/systemctl restart  mysql.service  重启方法一
 
[root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart    重启方法二

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 5 Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

20. 为了在任何目录下可以登录mysql

ln -s /usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysql   /usr/bin/mysql

三.开启外部访问数据库（这步或者直接关闭防护墙也一样，看个人需求）

• 这是防火墙相关命令如果用不到可以跳过
• 查看防火墙(然后在下方可度以查看得到“active（running）”，此时说明防火墙已经被打开了)

systemctl status firewalld.service

• 关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service

• 查看防火墙(在下方出现disavtive（dead），这权样就说明防火墙已经关闭)

systemctl status firewalld.service

• 永久关闭防火墙

systemctl disable firewalld.service

21. 开放防火墙端口

firewall-cmd --list-all

22.开放3306端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp

23.查看3306端口是否开放

firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp

24.再次查看现在防火墙

firewall-cmd --list-all

 

来源于：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37306041/article/details/89704783?depth_1-utm_source=distribute.wap_relevant.none-task-blog-BlogCommendFromBaidu-3&utm_medium=distribute.wap_relevant.none-task-blog-BlogCommendFromBaidu-3