【推荐 - rpm安装】MySQL - 安装

准备

  1. 查看Linux系统的glibc运行使用的C语言库版本信息
[root@lab10 ~]# getconf GNU_LIBC_VERSION
glibc 2.17
[root@lab10 ~]# ldd --version
ldd (GNU libc) 2.17
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
  1. 查看操作系统的版本信息
[root@lab10 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
  1. 查看操作系统的网卡地址
[root@lab10 ~]# ip address show ens32
2: ens32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:ec:f2:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.1.1.10/24 brd 10.1.1.255 scope global ens32
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feec:f21b/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
  1. 查看系统本地域名解析信息
[root@lab10 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
  1. 查看防火墙服务是否关闭
[root@lab10 ~]# getenforce 
Permissive
  1. 清除系统自带的mariadb数据库服务相关的程序包
[root@lab10 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@lab10 ~]# yum remove -y mariadb-libs
  1. 安装数据库服务程序所需的依赖软件包
yum install -y libaio-devel
  1. 需要修改链接库信息（只有centos 8系统才需要进行操作修改）
[root@xiaoQ-01 ~]# ln -s /usr/lib64/libncurses.so.6 /usr/lib64/libncurses.so.5
或者
[root@xiaoQ-01 ~]# yum install ncurses-compat-libs

下载 MySQL

访问页面：MySQL Product Archives

Product Version: 8.2.0
Operating System: Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux
OS Version: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit)
选择RPM Bundle下载

下载链接如下：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
文件全称：mysql-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
文件md5：7c2483e3d1eaa245746f4769bf4f54c5

创建MySQL的源码目录

mkdir -p /opt/mysql

创建MySQL的版本源码目录

mkdir -p /opt/mysql/mysql-8.2.0

上传 MySQL

使用工具上传 MySQL

或者

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

进入MySQL的源码目录

cd /opt/mysql

解压 MySQL 至指定目录

tar -xvf mysql-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar  -C /opt/mysql/mysql-8.2.0

移动目录到/usr/local/mysql

mv mysql-8.2.0 /usr/local/mysql

创建数据库服务管理用户信息

useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql

创建一个数据库专用账号mysql（其所属组也为mysql）

进入安装目录

cd /usr/local/mysql

查看安装rpm

[root@lab10 mysql]# ll
total 1029332
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  16860000 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-client-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   3617000 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-client-plugins-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415    687048 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-common-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 549736120 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-debuginfo-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   1963108 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-devel-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   4217572 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   2344832 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   1583436 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-libs-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415    685776 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  67735456 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-server-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  26028560 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-server-debug-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 378554428 Oct 13  2023 mysql-community-test-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装（各小版本依赖信息可能不一致，根据提示顺序安装依赖即可）

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
mysql-community-libs-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
mysql-community-client-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
mysql-community-server-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

可以获取数据库服务版本信息表示环境变量配置生效

[root@lab10 mysql]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.2.0 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

设置编码格式与端口信息

vim /etc/my.cnf

修改内容如下

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove the leading "# " to disable binary logging
# Binary logging captures changes between backups and is enabled by
# default. It's default setting is log_bin=binlog
# disable_log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
#
# Remove leading # to revert to previous value for default_authentication_plugin,
# this will increase compatibility with older clients. For background, see:
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_default_authentication_plugin
# default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[mysql] 
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

启动mysql

systemctl start mysqld.service

查看是否启动

[root@lab10 mysql]# netstat -ntlp | grep mysql
tcp6       0      0 :::33060                :::*                    LISTEN      58001/mysqld        
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      58001/mysqld

获取root默认密码

grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

内容如下：

2023-09-12T07:56:02.593722Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: kK%N&gY4ro5i

登录MySQL

mysql -uroot -p'kK%N&gY4ro5i'

修改root密码，此后root的密码位Flzx3qc@

ALTER user user() identified by 'Flzx3qc@';
flush privileges;

开启root远程登录

use mysql;
select host,user,plugin from user;
  • 如果是plugin == caching_sha2_password
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH sha256_password BY 'Flzx3qc@';
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
flush privileges;
  • 如果是plugin == sha256_password
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
flush privileges;

查看版本信息与编码格式

mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 8.0.33    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                         |
| character_set_results    | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_system     | utf8mb3                        |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

使用Navicat连接MySQL

略

安装参考：https://blog.csdn.net/Controller000/article/details/131121126

posted @ 2024-09-11 00:16  chan_炽烽  阅读(3)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报