建立基本的Java Web站点
1.创建站点及虚拟目录。在Eclipse中创建新的Dynamic Web Project(这里命名为WebTest)。在文件WebContent目录下新建index.html ,然后在Tomcat中创建指向WebContent的虚拟路径(这里命名虚拟路径为jtest)。配置完成后在浏览器中输入地址http://127.0.0.1:8080/jtest/index.html,测试站点是否启动运行。
2.测试jsp容器。在WebContent目录下新建index.jsp文件,在文件的body中输入"Success! <%=new java.util.Date()%> ",在浏览器中访问该文件,查看jsp文件是否被正常解析.
3.创建Servlet。在src源码目录下创建com.test.servlet.TestServlet类。内容如下:
1: package com.test.servlet;
2:
3: import java.io.IOException;
4: import java.io.PrintWriter;
5:
6: import javax.servlet.ServletException;
7: import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
8: import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
9: import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
10:
11: @SuppressWarnings("serial")
12: public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
13: protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
14: throws ServletException, IOException {
15: PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
16: out.println("<h1>Test success!</h1>");
17: out.flush();
18: }
19: }
上面的HttpServlet类在Servlet-api.jar中,需要添加jar引用。然后编译该类,并输出到WEB-INF/classes目录下。
4.配置Servlet。在web.xml中的web-app小节中添加以下Servlet配置:
1: <servlet>
2: <servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
3: <servlet-class>com.test.servlet.TestServlet</servlet-class>
4: </servlet>
5: <servlet-mapping>
6: <servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
7: <url-pattern>/test/*</url-pattern>
8: </servlet-mapping>
以上配置声明了一个名称为TestServlet的Servlet,该Servlet由com.test.servlet.TestServlet实现,然后把该Servlet映射到url的/test/路径下,这样在浏览器中通过地址http://127.0.0.1:8080/jtest/test/xxx就可以访问到该Servlet,页面输出:Test success!
5.使用bean。bean是一个普通的class,在src源码目录下创建类com.test.bean.MyBean,内容如下:
1: package com.test.bean;
2:
3: public class MyBean {
4: private String name = "";
5: public MyBean(String strName_p){ //构造
6: this.name=strName_p;
7: }
8: public void setName(String strName_p){ //set属性
9: this.name=strName_p;
10: }
11: public String getName(){ //get属性
12: return this.name;
13: }
14: }
然后在jsp文件中应用该bean,jsp内容如下:
1: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
2: <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
3: <%@ page import="com.test.bean.MyBean" %>
4: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
5: <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
6: <head>
7: <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
8: <title>Insert title here</title>
9: </head>
10: <body>
11: <center>
12: <%
13: MyBean testBean=new MyBean("This is a test java bean.");
14: %>
15: Java bean name is: <%=testBean.getName()%>
16: </center>
17: </body
在浏览器中通过地址http://127.0.0.1:8080/jtest/test.jsp访问该文件,输出“Java bean name is: This is a test java bean.”
至此,java Web站点的基本配置演示就完成了。
原发布于建立基本的Java Web站点(2010-10-26 16:54),现转于此!