升级glibc、gcc、zlib等
前言：昨天公司先上线一个项目，需要用到Libreoffice开源办公套件，版本为最新版6.2的。这就难为我老人家，没办法，干吧。
成功的路上总是不那么一番风顺，总会有点小瑕疵，才会让人铭记于心。
先介绍环境：
[root@xh-php-01t ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 6.10 (Final) [root@xh-php-01t ~]# uname -r 2.6.32-754.el6.x86_64 [root@xh-php-01t ~]# gcc --version gcc (GCC) 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-23) Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
第一个问题：
[root@xh-php-01t ~]# libreoffice6.2 /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/oosplash: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.14' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/oosplash) /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/oosplash: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.14' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libuno_sal.so.3)
解决方法：
查看libc.so.6模块支持的gblic版本，strings 命令简单来说就是打印出该模块的所有能打印的信息
[root@test ~]# strings /lib64/libc.so.6|grep GLIB
GLIBC_2.2.5
GLIBC_2.2.6
GLIBC_2.3
GLIBC_2.3.2
GLIBC_2.3.3
GLIBC_2.3.4
GLIBC_2.4
GLIBC_2.5
GLIBC_2.6
GLIBC_2.7
GLIBC_2.8
GLIBC_2.9
GLIBC_2.10
GLIBC_2.11
GLIBC_2.12
GLIBC_PRIVATE
可以发现centos6.10的glibc所有支持的版本
查看glibc的版本
[root@test ~]# rpm -aq|grep glibc glibc-common-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64 glibc-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64
升级glibc到2.15以上
升级步骤：下载glibc2.15的rpm包（我们不准自己编译），上传到服务器，yum 安装
[root@test ~]# ll glibc2.15.zip -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 20975068 Apr 18 2019 glibc2.15.zip [root@test ~]# yum install unzip [root@test ~]# unzip glibc2.15.zip Archive: glibc2.15.zip inflating: glibc2.15/glibc-2.15-60.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: glibc2.15/glibc-common-2.15-60.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: glibc2.15/glibc-devel-2.15-60.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: glibc2.15/glibc-headers-2.15-60.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: glibc2.15/glibc-static-2.15-60.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: glibc2.15/glibc-utils-2.15-60.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@test ~]# cd glibc2.15 [root@test glibc2.15]# yum install ./*.rpm
升级之后：第一个问题解决
[root@test glibc2.15]# rpm -aq|grep glibc glibc-2.15-60.el6.x86_64 glibc-headers-2.15-60.el6.x86_64 glibc-static-2.15-60.el6.x86_64 glibc-common-2.15-60.el6.x86_64 glibc-devel-2.15-60.el6.x86_64 glibc-utils-2.15-60.el6.x86_64 [root@test glibc2.15]# strings /lib64/libc.so.6|grep GLIB GLIBC_2.2.5 GLIBC_2.2.6 GLIBC_2.3 GLIBC_2.3.2 GLIBC_2.3.3 GLIBC_2.3.4 GLIBC_2.4 GLIBC_2.5 GLIBC_2.6 GLIBC_2.7 GLIBC_2.8 GLIBC_2.9 GLIBC_2.10 GLIBC_2.11 GLIBC_2.12 GLIBC_2.13 GLIBC_2.14 GLIBC_2.15 GLIBC_PRIVATE
第二个问题：
[root@test glibc2.15]# libreoffice6.2 /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/oosplash: /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.18' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libuno_sal.so.3)
解决方法：
查看libstdc++.so.6模块支持的gcc版本，strings 命令简单来说就是打印出该模块的所有能打印的信息
[root@test glibc2.15]# strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6|grep GLIBCXX GLIBCXX_3.4 GLIBCXX_3.4.1 GLIBCXX_3.4.2 GLIBCXX_3.4.3 GLIBCXX_3.4.4 GLIBCXX_3.4.5 GLIBCXX_3.4.6 GLIBCXX_3.4.7 GLIBCXX_3.4.8 GLIBCXX_3.4.9 GLIBCXX_3.4.10 GLIBCXX_3.4.11 GLIBCXX_3.4.12 GLIBCXX_3.4.13 GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW GLIBCXX_DEBUG_MESSAGE_LENGTH 现在要做的就是找到libstdc++.so.6这个模块是谁提供的，我摸索出来了，你们就不用找了，安装gcc会自动依赖安装libstdc++，而这个模块就是libstdc++包提供的
说明一点：libstdc++.so.6模块是libstdc++包提供的，但是它依赖gcc包
当然包我已经下好了，后面会附上链接。
[root@test ~]# ll gcc4.8.2.zip -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 33789418 Apr 17 2019 gcc4.8.2.zip [root@test ~]# unzip gcc4.8.2.zip Archive: gcc4.8.2.zip creating: gcc4.8.2/ inflating: gcc4.8.2/cpp-4.8.2-8.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: gcc4.8.2/gcc-4.8.2-8.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: gcc4.8.2/gcc-c++-4.8.2-8.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: gcc4.8.2/libgcc-4.8.2-8.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: gcc4.8.2/libgomp-4.8.2-8.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: gcc4.8.2/libmpc-0.8.3-0.3.svn855.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: gcc4.8.2/libstdc++-4.8.2-8.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: gcc4.8.2/libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-8.el6.x86_64.rpm inflating: gcc4.8.2/libtool-2.4.2-21.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@test ~]# cd gcc4.8.2
[root@test gcc4.8.2]# yum install ./*.rpm
[root@test gcc4.8.2]# gcc --version
gcc (GCC) 4.8.2 20131212 (Red Hat 4.8.2-8)
Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
第三个问题：
[root@test gcc4.8.2]# libreoffice6.2 /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/oosplash: /lib64/libz.so.1: version `ZLIB_1.2.3.4' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/oosplash)
解决方法：centos6.10的zlib版本是1.2.3，这个软件需要的版本比他高，所以我们要升级zlib
[root@test ~]# wget http://www.zlib.net/fossils/zlib-1.2.5.tar.gz [root@test ~]# ll zlib-1.2.5.tar.gz -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 544640 Apr 19 2019 zlib-1.2.5.tar.gz [root@test ~]# tar xf zlib-1.2.5.tar.gz [root@test ~]# cd zlib-1.2.5 [root@test zlib-1.2.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib1.2.5 [root@test zlib-1.2.5]# make && make install 把新编译的模块加载到模块库中 [root@test zlib-1.2.5]# echo /usr/local/zlib1.2.5/lib/ >>/etc/ld.so.conf [root@test zlib-1.2.5]# ldconfig -v
第四个问题：
[root@test ~]# libreoffice6.2 --version /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: error while loading shared libraries: libcairo.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决方法：报错提示说libcairo.so.2没发现，但是/opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin程序需要使用它，那我们来看看这个程序运行所需的依赖库还有那些，我们及时i补充它，这里用到ldd命令
[root@test ~]# ldd /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: /lib64/libdbus-1.so.3: no version information available (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libmergedlo.so) /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.17' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libnspr4.so) /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.17' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libcurl.so.4) /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.17' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libxslt.so.1) /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.17' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/liblangtag-lo.so.1) linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007ffd39dba000) libmergedlo.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libmergedlo.so (0x00007f50f26ca000) libuno_sal.so.3 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libuno_sal.so.3 (0x00007f50f2465000) libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f50f20a4000) libgpgmepp.so.6 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libgpgmepp.so.6 (0x00007f50f1e48000) libicuuc.so.63 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libicuuc.so.63 (0x00007f50f1a7a000) libz.so.1 => /usr/local/zlib1.2.5/lib/libz.so.1 (0x00007f50f185e000) libplc4.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libplc4.so (0x00007f50f1659000) libnspr4.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libnspr4.so (0x00007f50f141b000) libnss3.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libnss3.so (0x00007f50f10f9000) libsmime3.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libsmime3.so (0x00007f50f0ed2000) libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f50f0ccd000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f50f0ab1000) libdbus-1.so.3 => /lib64/libdbus-1.so.3 (0x00007f50f0870000) libicui18n.so.63 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libicui18n.so.63 (0x00007f50f03a2000) libcurl.so.4 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libcurl.so.4 (0x00007f50f013c000) libX11.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libX11.so.6 (0x00007f50efdff000) libxml2.so.2 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libxml2.so.2 (0x00007f50efa41000) libxslt.so.1 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libxslt.so.1 (0x00007f50ef801000) librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x00007f50ef5f9000) liborcus-0.14.so.0 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/liborcus-0.14.so.0 (0x00007f50ef2b7000) liborcus-parser-0.14.so.0 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/liborcus-parser-0.14.so.0 (0x00007f50ef077000) libgio-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgio-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f50eed5d000) libgobject-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgobject-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f50eeb10000) libglib-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f50ee7f9000) liblcms2.so.2 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/liblcms2.so.2 (0x00007f50ee5a0000) libcairo.so.2 => not found libcups.so.2 => not found libfontconfig.so.1 => /usr/lib64/libfontconfig.so.1 (0x00007f50ee369000) libfreetype.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libfreetype.so.6 (0x00007f50ee0cb000) libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007f50eddd2000) libXext.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libXext.so.6 (0x00007f50edbc0000) libSM.so.6 => not found libICE.so.6 => not found libuno_cppu.so.3 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libuno_cppu.so.3 (0x00007f50ed984000) libuno_cppuhelpergcc3.so.3 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libuno_cppuhelpergcc3.so.3 (0x00007f50ed697000) libi18nlangtag.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libi18nlangtag.so (0x00007f50ed478000) libjvmaccesslo.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libjvmaccesslo.so (0x00007f50ed270000) libjvmfwklo.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libjvmfwklo.so (0x00007f50ed039000) libuno_salhelpergcc3.so.3 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libuno_salhelpergcc3.so.3 (0x00007f50ece29000) libxmlreaderlo.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libxmlreaderlo.so (0x00007f50ecc1d000) libepoxy.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libepoxy.so (0x00007f50ec8e8000) libclewlo.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libclewlo.so (0x00007f50ec6e2000) libclucene.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libclucene.so (0x00007f50ec2f1000) libpdfiumlo.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libpdfiumlo.so (0x00007f50ebc6d000) libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007f50eb963000) libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007f50eb74d000) /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x000055a6647be000) libgpgme.so.11 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libgpgme.so.11 (0x00007f50eb506000) libassuan.so.0 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libassuan.so.0 (0x00007f50eb2f3000) libicudata.so.63 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libicudata.so.63 (0x00007f50e9731000) libnssutil3.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libnssutil3.so (0x00007f50e9501000) libplds4.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libplds4.so (0x00007f50e92fc000) libssl3.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libssl3.so (0x00007f50e90aa000) libxcb.so.1 => /usr/lib64/libxcb.so.1 (0x00007f50e8e85000) libgthread-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgthread-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f50e8c80000) libgmodule-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgmodule-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f50e8a7d000) libresolv.so.2 => /lib64/libresolv.so.2 (0x00007f50e8863000) libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x00007f50e8643000) libexpat.so.1 => /lib64/libexpat.so.1 (0x00007f50e841b000) libreglo.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libreglo.so (0x00007f50e81ff000) libunoidllo.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libunoidllo.so (0x00007f50e7f97000) liblangtag-lo.so.1 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/liblangtag-lo.so.1 (0x00007f50e7d71000) libgpg-error-lo.so.0 => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libgpg-error-lo.so.0 (0x00007f50e7b5c000) libXau.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libXau.so.6 (0x00007f50e7958000) libstorelo.so => /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libstorelo.so (0x00007f50e773d000)
可以看出ldd可以列出动态可执行程序所依赖的模块文件，上面可以发现该程序还有四个依赖没有找到，后面肯定会报错的，一起看。
[root@test ~]# yum install cairo [root@test ~]# libreoffice6.2 --version /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: error while loading shared libraries: libcups.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory [root@test ~]# yum install cups [root@test ~]# libreoffice6.2 --version /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: error while loading shared libraries: libSM.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory [root@test ~]# yum install libSM [root@test ~]# libreoffice6.2 --version /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: /lib64/libdbus-1.so.3: no version information available (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libmergedlo.so) /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.17' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libnspr4.so) /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.17' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libcurl.so.4) /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.17' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/libxslt.so.1) /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/soffice.bin: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.17' not found (required by /opt/libreoffice6.2/program/liblangtag-lo.so.1)
从上面来看，基本是解决了，但是我们升级的glibc版本还是太低了，要升级到2.17才行，方法都是一样，就不再写了。下面附上用到的包的链接：
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/16UAPUq21WDxk6Xuc_oy2fQ
提取码：k3rv
