abap使用EXCEL表格导入
主要有两种，都需要表格每列跟定义的字段想对应
一种是很早就有的，但是每个值需要单独赋值，很少遇到莫名奇妙导入不进去的问题，可以先获取表字段，
再使用指针赋值(参考后面的代码)。推荐使用！ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE
PERFORM frm_file_data2.
另外一种是整表直接导入，可以先判定操作系统再做选择方法
PERFORM frm_get_filed.
再附上form
FORM frm_file_data2 . DATA: msg(20) TYPE c. DATA: lt_data TYPE alsmex_tabline OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE. DATA lv_filename TYPE rlgrap-filename. lv_filename = p_file2. CALL FUNCTION 'ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE' "读取excel文件中的内容 EXPORTING filename = lv_filename i_begin_col = '1' i_begin_row = '2' i_end_col = '28' i_end_row = '99999' TABLES intern = lt_data EXCEPTIONS inconsistent_parameters = 1 upload_ole = 2 OTHERS = 3. LOOP AT lt_data. CASE lt_data-col. WHEN 1. gs_output-zxuhao = lt_data-value."序号 WHEN 2. gs_output-bukrs = lt_data-value."公司代码 IF sy-mandt = '886'. AUTHORITY-CHECK OBJECT 'ZHL_AUTHOR' ID 'ZBUKRS' FIELD gs_output-bukrs. IF sy-subrc IS INITIAL. ELSE. CLEAR: msg. CONCATENATE '无权公司' gs_output-bukrs '权限!' INTO msg. MESSAGE msg TYPE 'S' DISPLAY LIKE 'E'. LEAVE TO TRANSACTION sy-tcode. ENDIF. ENDIF. WHEN 3. gs_output-budat = lt_data-value."过账日期 WHEN 4. gs_output-bldat = lt_data-value."凭证日期 WHEN 5. gs_output-blart = lt_data-value."凭证类型 WHEN 6. gs_output-waers = lt_data-value."货币码 WHEN 7. gs_output-kursr = lt_data-value."汇率 WHEN 8. gs_output-bktxt = lt_data-value."抬头文本 WHEN 9. gs_output-bschl = lt_data-value."记账代码 WHEN 10. gs_output-hkont = lt_data-value."科目 PERFORM frm_add_zero USING gs_output-hkont CHANGING gs_output-hkont. WHEN 11. gs_output-kostl = lt_data-value."成本中心 WHEN 12. gs_output-mwsk1 = lt_data-value."税码 WHEN 13. gs_output-zuonr = lt_data-value."分配编号 WHEN 14. gs_output-sgtxt = lt_data-value."项目文本 WHEN 15. gs_output-aufnr = lt_data-value."订单号 WHEN 16. gs_output-xref1 = lt_data-value."参考一 WHEN 17. gs_output-xref2 = lt_data-value."参考二 WHEN 18. gs_output-dmbtr = lt_data-value."金额 * WHEN 19. * gs_output-kunnr = lt_data-value."客户 WHEN 19. gs_output-umskz = lt_data-value."特殊总账标识 * WHEN 21. * gs_output-lifnr = lt_data-value."供应商 WHEN 20. gs_output-zterm = lt_data-value."付款条款 WHEN 21. gs_output-zfbdt = lt_data-value."付款起算日期、 WHEN 22. gs_output-vkorg = lt_data-value."销售组织 WHEN 23. gs_output-vtweg = lt_data-value."分销渠道 WHEN 24. gs_output-kndnr = lt_data-value."客户(获利能力段) WHEN 25. gs_output-fkber = lt_data-value."功能范围 WHEN 26. gs_output-skost = lt_data-value."发送方成本中心 WHEN 27. gs_output-matnr = lt_data-value."物料 WHEN 28. gs_output-rstgr = lt_data-value."付款原因代码 ENDCASE. AT END OF row. APPEND gs_output TO gt_output. CLEAR gs_output. ENDAT. ENDLOOP. IF gt_output[] IS INITIAL. MESSAGE '导入数据为空' TYPE 'S' DISPLAY LIKE 'E'. STOP. ENDIF. ENDFORM. FORM frm_get_filed . DATA: lv_i_tab_raw_data TYPE truxs_t_text_data, lv_i_filename LIKE rlgrap-filename. CLEAR gt_output. DATA(lv_platform_code) = cl_gui_frontend_services=>get_platform( ). IF lv_platform_code EQ '14'." WINDOWS lv_i_filename = p_file2. CALL FUNCTION 'TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP' EXPORTING i_line_header = 'X' i_tab_raw_data = lv_i_tab_raw_data i_filename = lv_i_filename TABLES i_tab_converted_data = gt_output EXCEPTIONS conversion_failed = 1 OTHERS = 2. IF sy-subrc <> 0. ENDIF. ELSEIF lv_platform_code EQ '13'." MAC cl_gui_frontend_services=>gui_upload( EXPORTING filename = p_file2 has_field_separator = 'X' filetype = 'ASC' CHANGING data_tab = gt_output EXCEPTIONS file_open_error = 1 file_read_error = 2 no_batch = 3 gui_refuse_filetransfer = 4 invalid_type = 5 no_authority = 6 unknown_error = 7 bad_data_format = 8 header_not_allowed = 9 separator_not_allowed = 10 header_too_long = 11 unknown_dp_error = 12 access_denied = 13 dp_out_of_memory = 14 disk_full = 15 dp_timeout = 16 not_supported_by_gui = 17 error_no_gui = 18 OTHERS = 19 ). IF sy-subrc <> 0. ENDIF. ELSE. MESSAGE e008(zfico039). ENDIF. ENDFORM.
2021年12月15日：
获取表结构和使用指针导入，无需一个个增加。
"获取GT_ITEM[]的字段 DATA(lo_table_basic) = CAST cl_abap_tabledescr( cl_abap_tabledescr=>describe_by_data( gt_item ) ). DATA(lo_struct_basic) = CAST cl_abap_structdescr( lo_table_basic->get_table_line_type( ) ). DATA(lt_component_basic_all) = lo_struct_basic->get_components( ). DATA(lt_component_include) = lt_component_basic_all. DELETE lt_component_include WHERE as_include NE abap_true. DELETE lt_component_basic_all WHERE as_include EQ abap_true. "展开include结构中 LOOP AT lt_component_include ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs_component>). lo_struct_basic = CAST cl_abap_structdescr( <fs_component>-type ). DATA(lt_components) = lo_struct_basic->get_components( ). APPEND LINES OF lt_components TO lt_component_basic_all. ENDLOOP. "获取EXCEL数据 FIELD-SYMBOLS :<dyn_table> TYPE table, <dyn_wa> TYPE any, <dyn_field> TYPE any, <fs_str> TYPE any. DATA: lv_end TYPE c. DATA: lt_data TYPE alsmex_tabline OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE. DATA lv_filename TYPE rlgrap-filename. DATA lv_tabix TYPE sy-tabix. lv_filename = p_path. DATA: lv_lines TYPE sy-tabix. lv_lines = lines( lt_component_basic_all ). CALL FUNCTION 'ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE' "读取EXCEL文件中的内容 EXPORTING filename = lv_filename i_begin_col = '1' i_begin_row = '2' i_end_col = lv_lines "'25' i_end_row = '99999' TABLES intern = lt_data EXCEPTIONS inconsistent_parameters = 1 upload_ole = 2 OTHERS = 3. LOOP AT lt_data. * CLEAR LV_END. * AT END OF ROW. * LV_END = 'X'. * ENDAT. lv_tabix = lt_data-col. * ADD 1 TO LV_TABIX. READ TABLE lt_component_basic_all INTO DATA(ls_basica_all) INDEX lv_tabix. IF sy-subrc EQ 0. ASSIGN COMPONENT ls_basica_all-name OF STRUCTURE wa_item TO <fs_str>. <fs_str> = lt_data-value. ENDIF. AT END OF row. * APPEND <DYN_WA> TO <DYN_TABLE>. * MOVE-CORRESPONDING <dyn_wa> TO gs_input. * gs_input-so = |{ gs_input-so ALPHA = IN }|. "补前置0 APPEND wa_item TO GT_item. CLEAR: wa_item. ENDAT. ENDLOOP.
使用ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE的长度有限制，需复制并更改下value长度，这里设置的为1000.
有些文档是从别的软件中直接导出的，会有双引号的问题，比如旺店通的。要先处理下。
*旺店通导出的表格，同一个字符串，会分成两行，比如"这个换行噢 "，会变成两行，两个双引号是不需要的，第二个双引号前面的是换行符，所以会变成两行
*"这个换行噢
* "
LOOP AT lt_data ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_data>).
AT END OF row.
lv_end2 = 'X'.
ENDAT.
<ls_data>-col = <ls_data>-col - lv_col.
IF <ls_data>-value+0(1) = '"'.
CONDENSE <ls_data>-value NO-GAPS.
IF <ls_data>-value = '"'.
ADD 1 TO lv_col.
DELETE lt_data[].
CONTINUE.
ELSE.
<ls_data>-value+0(1) = ''.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
