【Luogu】P4103大工程(虚树DP)

  题目链接

  我貌似发现这类DP就是先别管什么虚树……把树形DP搞出来套上虚树板子就好了

  这个树形DP就是设sum为答案,sumd为子树内所有点的深度和(当然指的是被询问的点),maxi指子树内最深的点的深度,mini同理

  然后考虑我们dfs到x,它的儿子已经遍历到一半,新加进来一个儿子to

  显然$sum[x]+=sum[to]+(sumd[x]-deep[x]*size[x])*size[to]+sumd[to]-deep[x]*size[to]$

  $sumd+=sum[to]$

  $maxi[x]=max(maxi[x],maxi[to])$

  只要注意这类方程的先后顺序即可。

  另外注意输出的先后顺序。

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cctype>
#include<algorithm>
#define maxn 1020020
using namespace std;
inline long long read(){
    long long num=0,f=1;
    char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch)){
        if(ch=='-')    f=-1;
        ch=getchar();
    }
    while(isdigit(ch)){
        num=num*10+ch-'0';
        ch=getchar();
    }
    return num*f;
}

long long sum[maxn],maxi[maxn],mini[maxn];
long long sumd[maxn];
long long ansa[maxn],ansb[maxn];
long long size[maxn];

long long dfn[maxn];
long long deep[maxn];
long long q[maxn];
long long stack[maxn],top;
long long s[maxn][22];
bool vis[maxn];
long long ID;

struct Pic{
    struct Edge{
        long long next,to;
    }edge[maxn*2];
    long long head[maxn],num;
    inline void add(long long from,long long to){
        edge[++num]=(Edge){head[from],to};
        head[from]=num;
    }
    void pre(long long x,long long fa){
        dfn[x]=++ID;    deep[x]=deep[fa]+1;
        for(long long i=head[x];i;i=edge[i].next){
            long long to=edge[i].to;
            if(to==fa)    continue;
            s[to][0]=x;
            pre(to,x);
        }
        return;
    }
    void dele(int x,int fa){
        for(int i=head[x];i;i=edge[i].next){
            int to=edge[i].to;
            if(to==fa)    continue;
            dele(to,x);
        }
        head[x]=0;
    }
    void dfs(long long x,long long fa){
        sum[x]=maxi[x]=sumd[x]=size[x]=0;    ansa[x]=0;    ansb[x]=0x7fffffff;
        mini[x]=0x7fffffff;
        //printf("%lld  %lld %lld %d>>>\n",sum[x],x);
        for(long long i=head[x];i;i=edge[i].next){
            long long to=edge[i].to;
            if(to==fa)    continue;
            //printf("%d %d\n",x,to);
            dfs(to,x);
            if(maxi[x])    ansa[x]=max(ansa[x],maxi[x]+maxi[to]-2*deep[x]);
            if(mini[x]!=0x7fffffff)    ansb[x]=min(ansb[x],mini[x]+mini[to]-2*deep[x]);
            maxi[x]=max(maxi[x],maxi[to]);
            mini[x]=min(mini[x],mini[to]);
            sum[x]+=sum[to];
            //printf("%lld? %d????????\n",sum[x],x);
            if(sumd[x])    sum[x]+=(sumd[x]-deep[x]*size[x])*size[to]+(sumd[to]-deep[x]*size[to])*size[x];
            //printf("%lld %lld %d %d!!!!!!\n",sum[x],sumd[x],x,to);
            size[x]+=size[to];
            sumd[x]+=sumd[to];
            ansa[x]=max(ansa[x],ansa[to]);
            ansb[x]=min(ansb[x],ansb[to]);
        }
        if(vis[x]){
            if(sumd[x])    sum[x]+=sumd[x]-(deep[x]*size[x]);
            sumd[x]+=deep[x];
            if(maxi[x])    ansa[x]=max(ansa[x],maxi[x]-deep[x]);
            if(mini[x]!=0x7fffffff)    ansb[x]=min(ansb[x],mini[x]-deep[x]);
            maxi[x]=max(maxi[x],deep[x]);
            mini[x]=min(mini[x],deep[x]);
            size[x]++;
        }
        //printf("%lld %d\n",sum[x],x);
        return;
    }
}old,vir;


bool cmp(long long a,long long b){    return dfn[a]<dfn[b];    }

inline long long LCA(long long x,long long y){
    if(deep[x]<deep[y])    swap(x,y);
    long long f=deep[x]-deep[y];
    for(long long i=0;(1<<i)<=f;++i)
        if((1<<i)&f)    x=s[x][i];
    if(x==y)    return x;
    for(long long i=21;i>=0;--i){
        if(s[x][i]==s[y][i])    continue;
        x=s[x][i];y=s[y][i];
    }
    return s[x][0];
}

int main(){
    long long n=read();
    for(long long i=1;i<n;++i){
        long long x=read(),y=read();
        old.add(x,y);    old.add(y,x);
    }
    old.pre(1,1);
    for(long long j=1;j<22;++j)
        for(long long i=1;i<=n;++i)    s[i][j]=s[s[i][j-1]][j-1];
    long long m=read();
    while(m--){
        vir.num=top=0;
        long long e=read();
        //printf("%d>>\n",e);
        for(long long i=1;i<=e;++i){
            q[i]=read();
            vis[q[i]]=1;
        //    printf("%d>>>",dfn[q[i]]);
        }
        //printf("\n");
        sort(q+1,q+e+1,cmp);
        for(long long i=1;i<=e;++i){
            if(top==0){
                stack[++top]=q[i];
                continue;
            }
            long long lca=LCA(q[i],stack[top]);
            while(dfn[lca]<dfn[stack[top]]){
                if(dfn[lca]>=dfn[stack[top-1]]){
                    vir.add(lca,stack[top]);
                    if(stack[--top]!=lca)    stack[++top]=lca;
                    break;
                }
                vir.add(stack[top-1],stack[top]);
                top--;
            }
            stack[++top]=q[i];
        }
        while(top>1){
            vir.add(stack[top-1],stack[top]);
            top--;
        }
        vir.dfs(stack[1],stack[1]);
        printf("%lld %lld %lld\n",sum[stack[1]],ansb[stack[1]],ansa[stack[1]]);
        for(long long i=1;i<=e;++i)    vis[q[i]]=0;
        vir.dele(stack[1],stack[1]);
    }
    return 0;
}

 

posted @ 2018-04-23 16:02  Konoset  阅读(167)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报