AutoDetectChangesEnabled及AddRange解决EF插入的性能问题

转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/nianming/archive/2013/06/07/3123103.html#2699851

记录下。

园友莱布尼茨写了一篇《Entity Framework数据插入性能追踪》的文章,我感觉不错,至少他提出了问题,写了出来,引起了大家的讨论,这就是一个氛围。读完文章+评论,于是我自己也写了个简单的程序试了试。

先晒一下代码:

两个简单的类:

 1:      /// <summary>
   2:      /// 消费者
   3:      /// </summary>
   4:      public class Consumer
   5:      {
   6:          public int CId { get; set; }
   7:          public string CName { get; set; }
   8:          public List<Order> Orders { get; set; }
   9:      }
  10:   
  11:      /// <summary>
  12:      /// 订单
  13:      /// </summary>
  14:      public class Order
  15:      {
  16:          public int OrderNo { get; set; }
  17:          public DateTime OrderDate { get; set; }
  18:          public decimal TotalMoney { get; set; }
  19:          public int CId { get; set; }
  20:   
  21:          public Consumer Consumer { get; set; }
  22:      }
 

 

映射配置:

   1:      public class ConsumerConfiguration : EntityTypeConfiguration<Consumer>
   2:      {
   3:          public ConsumerConfiguration()
   4:          {
   5:              HasKey(t => t.CId).Property(t => t.CId).HasDatabaseGeneratedOption(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity);
   6:              Property(t => t.CName).IsRequired().HasMaxLength(50);
   7:          }
   8:      }
   9:   
  10:      public class OrderConfiguration : EntityTypeConfiguration<Order>
  11:      {
  12:          public OrderConfiguration()
  13:          {
  14:              HasKey(t => t.OrderNo);
  15:              HasRequired(t => t.Consumer).WithMany(t => t.Orders).HasForeignKey(t => t.CId);
  16:          }
  17:      }
 

 

Context:

   1:      public class TestContext : DbContext
   2:      {
   3:          public DbSet<Consumer> Consumers { get; set; }
   4:          public DbSet<Order> Orders { get; set; }
   5:   
   6:          protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
   7:          {
   8:              modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove<PluralizingTableNameConvention>();
   9:   
  10:              modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new ConsumerConfiguration());
  11:              modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new OrderConfiguration());
  12:   
  13:              base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
  14:          }
  15:      }
测试代码:

   1:          static void Main(string[] args)
   2:          {
   3:              using (var ctx = new TestContext())
   4:              {
   5:                  ctx.Consumers.Add(new Consumer()
   6:                  {
   7:                      CName = "张三"
   8:                  });
   9:                  ctx.SaveChanges();
  10:   
  11:                  Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
  12:                  sw.Start();
  13:                  Console.WriteLine("订单开始:\n");
  14:   
  15:                  for (int outer = 0; outer < 20000; outer++)
  16:                  {
  17:                      ctx.Orders.Add(new Order()
  18:                            {
  19:                                OrderDate = DateTime.Now,
  20:                                TotalMoney = 100,
  21:                                CId = 1,
  22:                            });
  23:                  }
  24:                  ctx.SaveChanges();
  25:                  sw.Stop();
  26:                  Console.WriteLine(sw.Elapsed.Minutes + "" + sw.Elapsed.Seconds + "" + sw.Elapsed.Milliseconds + "毫秒");
  27:              }
  28:          }
 

 

上面的代码是最平常的代码了,没有什么可解释的,将内容放到重点上。

运行以上代码的环境是VS2012+SQL SERVER 2008 R2,机器配置:4G,N年以前的CPU。

运行上面的代码非常的慢,正如莱布尼茨说的,在数据Add到上下文这个阶段比较耗时。出现这个问题的原因是:每次调用ctx.Orders.Add(order)之前,EF都会调用DetectChanges,在StackOverFlow上有解释,地址是:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9439430/improving-performance-of-initializing-dbset-in-seed,另外在Programming Entity Framework DbContext这本书的60也有DetectChange的介绍。

解决上面速度慢的问题的办法就是设置

   1:  ctx.Configuration.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = false;

下面来看看禁用以后的执行速度:

QQ截图20130607002820

另外一个解决办法就是使用DbSet<T>.AddRange方法,这个方法是在6.0 beta1中加入的。

 1:                  List<Order> orderList = new List<Order>();
   2:                  for (int outer = 0; outer < 20000; outer++)
   3:                  {
   4:                      orderList.Add(new Order()
   5:                             {
   6:                                 OrderDate = DateTime.Now,
   7:                                 TotalMoney = 100,
   8:                                 CId = 1
   9:                             });
  10:                  }
  11:                  ctx.Orders.AddRange(orderList);
  12:                  ctx.SaveChanges();

 

QQ截图20130607004003

AddRange方法在System.Data.Entity 泛型DbSet类中,下图是我通过Reflector截的图

QQ截图20130607004407

QQ截图20130607004652

从上面两幅图中可以看到,Add和AddRange都是添加到_internalSet中,但是如果AutoDetectChangesEnabled设置为true的话,添加任何实体之前都会调用DetectChanges,注意看Remarks中的解释。

posted @ 2015-03-31 15:34  邑尘  阅读(3802)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报