贪心 + DFS
A New Year party is not a New Year party without lemonade! As usual, you are expecting a lot of guests, and buying lemonade has already become a pleasant necessity.
Your favorite store sells lemonade in bottles of n different volumes at different costs. A single bottle of type i has volume 2i - 1 liters and costs ci roubles. The number of bottles of each type in the store can be considered infinite.
You want to buy at least L liters of lemonade. How many roubles do you have to spend?
The first line contains two integers n and L (1 ≤ n ≤ 30; 1 ≤ L ≤ 109) — the number of types of bottles in the store and the required amount of lemonade in liters, respectively.
The second line contains n integers c1, c2, ..., cn (1 ≤ ci ≤ 109) — the costs of bottles of different types.
Output a single integer — the smallest number of roubles you have to pay in order to buy at least L liters of lemonade.
4 12
20 30 70 90
150
4 3
10000 1000 100 10
10
4 3
10 100 1000 10000
30
5 787787787
123456789 234567890 345678901 456789012 987654321
44981600785557577
In the first example you should buy one 8-liter bottle for 90 roubles and two 2-liter bottles for 30 roubles each. In total you'll get 12 liters of lemonade for just 150 roubles.
In the second example, even though you need only 3 liters, it's cheaper to buy a single 8-liter bottle for 10 roubles.
In the third example it's best to buy three 1-liter bottles for 10 roubles each, getting three liters for 30 roubles.
题意 : 给你 n 个物品,以及一个容器的体积 l , n 个物品的体积是 2^i-1 , 求在超过容器体积的前提下,最小的花费是多少。
思路分析 : 想了一个贪心策略,优先去贪性价比最高的物品,当恰好装下的时候,此时可以记录一下答案,若不能时,此时可以让他们多装一个,再次记录一下答案,深搜就行了
代码示例:
/* * Author: parasol * Created Time: 2018/3/7 18:18:10 * File Name: 2.cpp */ #include <iostream> #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <cstring> #include <cmath> #include <algorithm> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <stack> #include <queue> #include <set> #include <map> #include <time.h> using namespace std; #define ll long long const ll maxn = 1e6+5; const double pi = acos(-1.0); const ll inf = 0x3f3f3f3f; struct node { ll l, c; double p; bool operator< (const node &v)const{ return p < v.p; } }pre[35]; ll n, l; ll ans = __LONG_LONG_MAX__; void dfs(ll x, ll cost, ll sum){ if (cost >= ans) return; if (sum <= 0) {ans = min(ans, cost); return;} if (x == n+1) return; ll f = sum / pre[x].l; int pt = 0; if (sum%pre[x].l == 0){ ans = min(ans, cost+f*pre[x].c); return; } else { dfs(x+1, cost+(f+1)*pre[x].c, sum-(f+1)*pre[x].l); pt = 1; } if (pt) { dfs(x+1, cost+f*pre[x].c, sum-f*pre[x].l); } } int main() { //freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin); //freopen("out.txt", "w", stdout); cin >> n >> l; ll an = 1; for(ll i = 1; i <= n; i++){ scanf("%lld", &pre[i].c); pre[i].l = an; pre[i].p = 1.0*pre[i].c/an; an *= 2; } sort(pre+1, pre+1+n); dfs(1, 0, l); printf("%lld\n", ans); return 0; }