Django中组合搜索功能

需求分析

很多电商网站中有组合搜索的功能,所谓组合搜索就是网页中组合多个条件,对数据库中进行查询,并且将结果显示在页面中,看个例子吧:
组合search

注意红框中的标识,我们可以根据URL来做组合搜索.

video-3-1-1.html 使用split可以将三个数字取到,
第一位数字:	分类
第二位数字:	课程名称
第三位数字:	级别

分析到这里,我们就可以进行下一步了.

Code分析

urls.py

首先,如果想把url按我们的需求取出来,我们可以在urls.py中设置:

from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    # url(r'^student/', views.student),
    url(r'^video-(?P<direction_id>\d+)-(?P<classfication_id>\d+)-(?P<level_id>\d+).html', views.video),
]

说明下,这里是本身的正则表达式的语法,先分组,并且赋予了变量


1.此处的(?P<name>…),和普通的(?…):

基本类似。区别在于,此处由于是给此group命名了,所以,后续(同一正则表达式内和搜索后得到的Match对象中),都可以通过此group的名字而去引用此group。

2. group的名字,当前需要是正常的Python标识符,即字母,数字,下划线等,即,没有特殊的字符。

3.同一正则表达式内,每个group的组名,是唯一的,不能重复。

4. 虽然此处group内命名了,但是其仍然和普通的

这样,我们就可以在后续的代码中用到这些了!

modles.py

from django.db import models

# 技术方向,
class Direction(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(verbose_name='名称', max_length=32)

    classification = models.ManyToManyField('Classification')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'Direction'
        verbose_name_plural = u'方向(视频方向)'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


# 技术分类、语言
class Classification(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(verbose_name='名称', max_length=32)

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'Classification'
        verbose_name_plural = u'分类(视频分类)'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


# 技术视频,
class Video(models.Model):
    level_choice = (
        (1, u'初级'),
        (2, u'中级'),
        (3, u'高级'),
    )
    level = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='级别', choices=level_choice, default=1)

    classification = models.ForeignKey('Classification', null=True, blank=True)

    title = models.CharField(verbose_name='标题', max_length=32)
    summary = models.CharField(verbose_name='简介', max_length=32)
    img = models.ImageField(verbose_name='图片', upload_to='./static/images/Video/')
    href = models.CharField(verbose_name='视频地址', max_length=256)

    create_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'Video'
        verbose_name_plural = u'视频'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

技术方向:多对多技术分类

技术视频:一对多技术分类

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from app01 import models
# Create your views here.

def video(request,**kwargs):
    #在url.py中已经设置,结果为:{'direction_id': '3', 'classfication_id': '4', 'level_id': '1'}
    print(kwargs)
    print(request.path_info)
    #request.path._info可以得到url的后缀,比如:/video-3-4-1.html
    current_url = request.path_info
    direction_id = kwargs.get('direction_id','0')
    classfication_id = kwargs.get('classfication_id', '0')
    q = {}
    # 方向是0,表示是全部
    if direction_id == '0':
        #如果技术分类id为0,取分类数据库中的数据,为字典模式,元素为id和name
        cList = models.Classification.objects.values('id', 'name')
        # 分类是0
        if classfication_id == '0':
            # 如果课程也是全部,video-0-0
            pass
        else:
            # video-0-1
            # 否则,选中了对应的分类
            q['classification__id'] = classfication_id
    else:
        #如果分类不是全部,得到分类对应的数据,通过map函数处理迭代器temp,并将其转化为列表,取得ID
        obj = models.Direction.objects.get(id=direction_id)
        temp = obj.classification.all().values('id','name')
        id_list = list(map(lambda x:x['id'],temp))
        cList = obj.classification.all().values('id','name')

        if classfication_id == '0':
            # video-1-0
            # 根据方向ID,找到所属的分类ID

            print(id_list)
            q['classification__id__in'] = id_list
        else:
            # video-1-1
            #如果分类ID在方向ID列表中
            if int(classfication_id) in id_list:
                q['classification__id'] = classfication_id
            else:
                q['classification__id__in'] = id_list
                #url分割取分类的ID,然后改为0,修改url
                url_list = current_url.split('-')
                url_list[2] = "0"
                current_url = '-'.join(url_list)
    level_id = kwargs.get('level_id',None)
    if level_id != '0':
        q['level'] = level_id

    result = models.Video.objects.filter(**q)

    dList = models.Direction.objects.values('id', 'name')

    lList = models.Video.level_choice
    # level_choice = (
    #     (1, u'初级'),
    #     (2, u'中级'),
    #     (3, u'高级'),
    # )
    return render(request, 'video.html', {"dList":dList,
                                            'cList': cList,
                                            'lList': lList,
                                          'current_url': current_url})

自定义扩展template函数

由于处理函数比较复杂,所以我们要写一些自定义的simple_tag函数,用来对相应的a标签进行href预处理,得到相应的url路径,xx.py:

from django import template
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe

############################################
#此部分无用
register = template.Library()
@register.simple_tag
def action1(current_url, nid):
    # /video-2-1-3.html
    url_list = current_url.split('-')
    url_list[1] = str(nid)

    return '-'.join(url_list)

@register.simple_tag
def action2(current_url, nid):
    # /video-2-1-3.html
    url_list = current_url.split('-')
    url_list[2] = str(nid)

    return '-'.join(url_list)

@register.simple_tag
def action3(current_url, nid):
    # /video-2-1-3.html
    url_list = current_url.split('-')
    url_list[3] = str(nid) + '.html'

    return '-'.join(url_list)
    
###################################################

@register.simple_tag
def ac1(current_url, nid, name):
    # # /video-2-1-3.html
    url_list = current_url.split('-')
    old = url_list[1]
    if old == str(nid):
        temp = '<a class="active" href="%s">%s</a>'
    else:
        temp = '<a href="%s">%s</a>'

    url_list[1] = str(nid)
    tag = temp %('-'.join(url_list),name)

    return mark_safe(tag)


@register.simple_tag
def ac2(current_url, nid, name):
    # # /video-2-1-3.html
    url_list = current_url.split('-')
    old = url_list[2]
    if old == str(nid):
        temp = '<a class="active" href="%s">%s</a>'
    else:
        temp = '<a href="%s">%s</a>'

    url_list[2] = str(nid)
    tag = temp %('-'.join(url_list),name)

    return mark_safe(tag)


@register.simple_tag
def ac3(current_url, nid, name):
    # # /video-2-1-3.html
    url_list = current_url.split('-')
    old = url_list[3]
    if old == str(nid) + '.html':
        temp = '<a class="active" href="%s">%s</a>'
    else:
        temp = '<a href="%s">%s</a>'

    url_list[3] = str(nid) +  '.html'
    tag = temp %('-'.join(url_list),name)

    return mark_safe(tag)

@register.simple_tag
def all_menu(current_url):
    # video-0-10-0.html
    url_list = current_url.split('-')
    if url_list[1] == '0':
        temp = '<a class="active" href="%s">全部</a>'
    else:
        temp = '<a  href="%s">全部</a>'

    url_list[1] = '0'
    temp = temp %('-'.join(url_list))

    return mark_safe(temp)

vedio.html

{% load xx %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <style>
    		// 设定之间的间隔
        .condition a{
            display: inline-block;
            padding: 5px;
        }
        // 设定当前选择条件的css样式
        .condition a.active{
            background-color: coral;
            color: white;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="condition">
        <div>
            // 处理全部
            {% all_menu current_url %} :
            // 遍历方向列表
            {% for i in dList %}
            		// 将方向列表中的id,name作为参数传入定义好的自定义函数中处理,生成
                {% ac1 current_url i.id i.name %}
            {% endfor %}
        </div>
        <div>
            {% for i in cList %}
                {% ac2 current_url i.id i.name %}
            {% endfor %}
        </div>
        <div>
            {% for i in lList %}
                {% ac3 current_url i.0 i.1 %}

            {% endfor %}
        </div>
    </div>

</body>
</html>

页面中的搜索条件距离,可以使用css来控制

posted @ 2016-10-21 16:46  ccorz  阅读(4964)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报