字符串NSString与NSMutableString常用方法
NSString
1、初始化
NSString *str1 = @"a OC Program";
2、初始化
NSString *str2 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"字符串2:%d", 100];
3、初始化
NSString *str3 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ %d", @"类方法", 99];
4、初始化
char *c_string = "C语言常量字符串"; NSString *str4 = [[NSString alloc] initWithUTF8String:c_string];
5、提取特定索引的字符。在OC中,字符串中每一个组成字符都是一个UniChar类型
UniChar unch = [@"your name" characterAtIndex:0];
6、根据索引提取从索引(含)到最后的所有元素
NSString *str6 = [@"your name" substringFromIndex:2];
7、根据索引提取从最初位置到索引(不含索引位置)
NSString *str7 = [@"your name" substringToIndex:2];
8、根据范围提取字串(往后数)
NSRange range = {2, 3}; NSString *str8 = [@"your name" substringWithRange:range];
9、compare:通过unicode编码表比较
// 得到-1或0或1。下面result为-1 NSComparisonResult result = [@"a" compare:@"b"];
10、isEqualToString:判断两个字符串是否相等
BOOL result = [@"a" isEqualToString:@"b"];
11、hasPrefix:判断是否存在某前缀
BOOL result = [@"abc" hasPrefix:@"b"];
12、hasSuffix:判断是否存在某后缀
BOOL result = [@"abc" hasSuffix:@"b"];
13、containsString:判断是否包含某字符串
BOOL result = [@"abc" containsString:@"b"];
14、stringByAppendingString:拼接字符串,拼接结果以新字符串的形式返回
NSString *str14 = [@"abc" stringByAppendingString:@"efg"];
15、intValue,将数字字符串转换成整型数据
NSString *str15 = @"999"; int value = [str15 intValue];
16、字符串转数组。根据分隔符,分割字符串,以数组元素的形式返回
NSString *strArray = [@"guo" componentsSeparatedByString:@"guo"]; // 运行后strArray.count == 2
17、把字符串中的所有小写字母转换成大写字母
NSString *str = [@"aBcDef" uppercaseString];
18、把字符串中的所有大写字母转换成小写字母
NSString *str = [@"aBcDef" lowercaseString];
19、rangeOfString:(此方法只能检测到第一个出现的字串)
NSString *str1 = @"when i was young, i love a girl in neighbor class"; NSString *str2 =@"young"; NSRange rang = [str1 rangeOfString:str2]; NSLog(@"%d~%d", rang.location, rang.length);
NSMutableString
NSString是NSMutableString的父类,所有上面介绍的NSString的方法,NSMutableString都能够使用。
1、初始化
NSMutableString *mString = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"123"];
2、初始化(给出预估空间大小)
NSMutableString *mString = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithCapacity:10];
3、根据位置替换(有删除并插入的意思)成目标串
NSMutableString *mString = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"123"]; NSRange range = {2, 3}; [mString replaceCharactersInRange:range withString:@"c"];
4、根据索引的位置插入一个目标串
NSMutableString *mString = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"123"]; [mString insertString:@"abc" atIndex:2]; // 运行后mString == @"12abc3";
5、根据range删除子串
NSMutableString *mString = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"123"]; NSRange range = {2, 1}; [mString deleteCharactersInRange:range];
5、拼接字符串
NSMutableString *mString = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"123"]; [mString appendFormat:@"!"]; [mString appendString:@"456"];