快速在CentOS下搭建LAMP（Apache、MySQL、PHP）环境

LAMP（Linux、Apache、MySQL、PHP）是一套用于提供php架构网站服务的完美组合的简称，LAMP组合有着极高的性能，完善的支持体系，灵活的配置方法，但是Lamp架构其本身也越来越臃肿，在Lamp安装完成后最好进行针对硬件的优化，以获得更好的性能。

 

LAMP可以在很多平台（Linux、Windows、Unix、MacOS X）中搭建，本文以CentOS系统安装LAMP套件进行举例。

搭建需要有一台安装有CentOS的服务器，并且最好是纯净安装：即仅仅安装最少的系统组件。

 

首先安装Apache2

一条命令即可：

1	yum install httpd

回车后，yum会提示当前已经安装的httpd版本，并自动更新；如果没有安装，则会自动安装。注意在yum安装过程中输入“Y”以确认安装。

Apache安装完成后，手动启动Apache2：

1	/etc/init.d/httpd start

这时，直接在浏览器中输入服务器的IP地址，即可看到Apache2的默认页面。此时的Apache仅仅能提供HTTP服务，不能执行php、也不能连接MySQL数据库。

 

随后安装MySQL

由于CentOS中已经包含了MySQL，因此也仅需要yum即可：

1	yum install mysql mysql-server

完成后，使用如下命令启动MySQL服务：

1

/etc/init.d/mysqld start [root@srv20 yum.repos.d]# mysql_secure_installation   NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL       SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank, so you should just press enter here. Enter current password for root (enter for none): OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL root user without the proper authorisation. Set root password? [Y/n] Y New password: Re-enter new password: Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables..  ... Success! By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y  ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n  ... skipping. By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y  - Dropping test database...  ... Success!  - Removing privileges on test database...  ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y  ... Success! Cleaning up...   All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MySQL! mysql> create database magentodb;  mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON magento.* TO magento@'localhost' identified by '123456';

 

下面继续安装php5

使用如下命令安装php5：

1	yum install php53

安装完php5后，必须要重新启动Apache以使php生效：

1	/etc/init.d/httpd restart

这时，Apache已经可以解析执行php脚本了。由于Apache的默认网站根目录位于：/var/www/html/，因此在此目录建立一个info.php用来测试Apache+PHP的正确安装与否：

1	echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /var/www/html/info.php

然后在浏览器中访问IP/info.php，出现了PHPINFO的输出信息：

表示PHP与Apache已经正确安装。

接下来安装MySQL数据库与其它模块（如GD图形库、mbstring库等）：

1	yum install php53-mysql php53-gd php53-imap php53-ldap php53-odbc php53-pear php53-xml php53-xmlrpc 或者 yum install php53-* -y

安装过程可能比较慢，请耐心等待。完成后再次重启Apache：

1	/etc/init.d/httpd restart

重新在浏览器中打开IP/info.php页面，应该能找到MySQL、GD、mbstring等模块：

此时LAMP运行环境已经初步安装完毕。最后还需要将LAMP组件设置为自动启动：

1	chkconfig --levels 2345 httpd on

2	chkconfig --levels 2345 mysqld on

 

最后介绍相关配置与环境

Apache主配置文件：/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Apache主配置目录，可以将不同类型的配置分门别类放入这个目录中：/etc/httpd/conf.d/

Apache网站根目录：/var/www/html/

Apache日志文件目录：/var/log/httpd

MySQL的my.cnf配置文件：/etc/my.cnf

MySQL数据库文件位置：/usr/lib/mysql

 l

安装完成后，一是留意防火墙，打开相关端口，而是必须要对MySQL、Apache进行安全设置，避免安全漏洞

 

http://www.centos.bz/lamp/