LocalDateTime在spring boot中的格式化配置

在项目中日期格式化是最常见的问题,之前涉及的 java.util.Date 和 java.util.Calendar 类易用性差,不支持时区,非线程安全,对日期的计算方式繁琐,而且容易出错,因为月份是从0开始的,从 Calendar 中获取的月份需要加一才能表示当前月份。

在 JDK8 中,一个新的重要特性就是引入了全新的时间和日期API,它被收录在 java.time 包中,借助新的时间和日期API可以以更简洁的方法处理时间和日期。

下面我们通过一些配置实现对日期类型LocalDateTime的格式化

导入依赖

新建一个spring boot项目导入web依赖即可

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置方案一

定义一个配置类,在里面定义两个 Bean 即可完成全局日期格式化处理,同时还兼顾了 Date 和 LocalDateTime 并存

package com.carry.config;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilderCustomizer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.ser.LocalDateTimeSerializer;

@Configuration
public class LocalDateTimeSerializerConfig {

    @Value("${spring.jackson.date-format:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}")
    private String pattern;

     // 方案一
    @Bean 
    public LocalDateTimeSerializer localDateTimeDeserializer() { 
        return new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern)); 
    }
      
    @Bean 
    public Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilderCustomizer jackson2ObjectMapperBuilderCustomizer() { 
        return builder -> builder.serializerByType(LocalDateTime.class, localDateTimeDeserializer()); 
    }

}

 

实体类

package com.carry.dto;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;

public class Order {

    private LocalDateTime createTime;

    public LocalDateTime getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(LocalDateTime createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }
    
}

 

控制层

package com.carry.controller;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.carry.dto.Order;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/orders")
public class OrderController {

    @GetMapping
    public Order query() {
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setCreateTime(LocalDateTime.now());
        return order;
    }
}

测试

启动项目并在浏览器中访问 http://localhost:8080/orders

 

配置方案二

有时候,我们对日期格式要做特殊的处理,全局的格式化方式无法满足我们需求是,使用该方案是非常好的选择,通过 @JsonFormat 注解我们可以更为精准的为日期字段格式化,它的优先级比方案一高,二者可结合使用

package com.carry.dto;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;

public class Order {

    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
    private LocalDateTime createTime;

    public LocalDateTime getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(LocalDateTime createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }
    
}

重新启动项目并在浏览器中访问 http://localhost:8080/orders

配置方案三

其实和第一种类似,只不过第一种的写法更加优雅简洁,如果有多种类型需要做统一格式化处理,这种方案也不是不可以考虑(经测试不能与方案二同时使用)

package com.carry.config;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationContext;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonDeserializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.JavaTimeModule;

@Configuration
public class LocalDateTimeSerializerConfig {

    @Value("${spring.jackson.date-format:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}")
    private String pattern;

    // 方案三
    @Bean
    @Primary
    public ObjectMapper serializingObjectMapper() {
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();
        javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeSerializer());
        javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeDeserializer());
        objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);
        return objectMapper;
    }

    public class LocalDateTimeSerializer extends JsonSerializer<LocalDateTime> {
        @Override
        public void serialize(LocalDateTime value, JsonGenerator gen, SerializerProvider serializers)
                throws IOException {
            gen.writeString(value.format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern)));
        }
    }

    public class LocalDateTimeDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<LocalDateTime> {
        @Override
        public LocalDateTime deserialize(JsonParser p, DeserializationContext deserializationContext)
                throws IOException {
            return LocalDateTime.parse(p.getValueAsString(), DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern));
        }
    }
}

访问 http://localhost:8080/orders,发现 @JsonFormat 配置无效

 推荐使用方案一与方案二

posted @ 2018-10-31 15:08  CarryChan  阅读(39927)  评论(6编辑  收藏  举报