Redis——6.0集群安装部署

 

前言

redis集群化部署主要用于大型缓存架构,一般的小型架构,使用redis主从配置 + sentinel哨兵集群应付系统压力,

使用redis集群可以方便快捷地对集群进行动态扩容,动态的添加、删除节点,reshard、并带有自动故障恢复功能。

一般redis集群使用三主三从,并且尽量保证主服务器与从服务器不在同一台机器上,防止机器故障导致的集群瘫痪,每个主服务器搭配一个从服务器,保证集群的高可用性。

 

一、集群规划

三台服务器各部署一个主节点、一个从节点,同一台服务器上不是直接主从关系。

服务器

角色

ip:端口

node1

master1/slave2

192.168.146.199:7000/192.168.146.199:7001

node2

master2/slave3

192.168.146.200:7000/192.168.146.200:7001

node3

master3/slave1

192.168.146.201:7000/192.168.146.201:7001

 软件版本:

  OS:CentOS7.5

   Redis:redis-6.0.9

 

二、服务器设置

设置主机名:

# hostnamectl --static set-hostname node1/node2/node3

配置映射:

# vi /etc/hosts
192.168.146.199 node1
192.168.146.200 node2
192.168.146.201 node3

时区调整,时间校准:

# date -R
# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
# yum -y install ntp
# ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com

关闭selinux:

# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled

重启服务器并验证:

# getenforce
Disabled

关闭防火墙:

# service iptables stop
# chkconfig iptables off

内核设置:

1、 先执行:chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
2、 将 vm.overcommit_memory = 1 添加到/etc/sysctl.conf中,然后重启服务器或运行命令sysctl vm.overcommit_memory = 1使其立即生效。
3、 确保禁用Linux内核功能透明的大页面,它将以负面的方式极大地影响内存使用和延迟。这可以通过以下命令完成:    先直接执行(临时生效):     echo never> /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled    再执行以下命令(永久生效):     vim /etc/rc.local     追加:echo never>/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
4、 解决问题:【TCP backlog设置值,511没有成功,因为 /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn这个设置的是更小的128】    先直接执行(临时生效):     echo 511 > /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn    再执行以下命令(永久生效):     vim /etc/rc.local     追加:echo 511 > /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn
5、 重启服务器。

 /etc/rc.local参考图:

 

三、Redis安装

分别在三台服务器进行如下操作。

1、gcc版本问题避免

Redis是c语言开发的。安装redis需要c语言的编译环境。

安装redis6最主要的一点是要用GCC5以上,而CentOS6.9的GCC版本为4.8.x, 所以安装之前必须升级GCC(使用命令gcc --version查看版本)。

# yum -y install gcc tcl
# yum -y install centos-release-scl
# yum -y install devtoolset-9-gcc devtoolset-9-gcc-c++ devtoolset-9-binutils

查看gcc版本:

# gcc -v

scl只是临时启用,退出shell后会恢复原系统gcc版本:
# scl enable devtoolset-9 bash

如下命令表示永久启用:
# echo "source /opt/rh/devtoolset-9/enable" >> /etc/profile

查看gcc版本:
# gcc -v

2、下载安装

cd /opt
wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-6.0.9.tar.gz
tar -xvf redis-6.0.9.tar.gz
cd redis-6.0.9
make MALLOC=libc
make install PREFIX=/usr/local/redis

查看/usr/local/redis/bin,如看见redis具工表示redis已安装成功:

3、Redis配置

建立安裝Redis時会用到的文件夹:

mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/run
mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/data/7000
mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/conf

设置redis配置文件:

cp /opt/redis-6.0.9/redis.conf /usr/local/redis/conf/redis_7000.conf
vi /usr/local/redis/conf/redis_7000.conf

打开redis_7000.conf文件,修改以下内容:

bind 192.168.146.199   #添加本机的ip
port 7000  #端口  
pidfile /usr/local/redis/run/redis_7000.pid   #pid存储目录
logfile /usr/local/redis/log/redis_7000.log   #日志存储目录
dir /usr/local/redis/data/7000                #数据存储目录,目录要提前创建好
cluster-enabled yes  #开启集群
cluster-config-file nodes-7000.conf   #集群节点配置文件,这个文件是不能手动编辑的。确保每一个集群节点的配置文件不通
cluster-node-timeout 15000   #集群节点的超时时间,单位:ms,超时后集群会认为该节点失败
appendonly yes  #持久化
daemonize yes   #守护进程

4、建立不同端口实例

由于我们的机器有限,我们将采用一台机器多个端口的方式搭建我们的Redis集群。

复制配置文件:

# cp /usr/local/redis/conf/redis_7000.conf /usr/local/redis/conf/redis_7001.conf
#
mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/data/7001
# vi /usr/local/redis/conf/redis_7001.conf

打开redis_7001.conf文件,修改以下内容:

bind 192.168.146.199  
port 7001
pidfile /usr/local/redis/run/redis_7001.pid
logfile /usr/local/redis/log/redis_7001.log
dir /usr/local/redis/data/7001                   #目录要提前创建好
cluster-config-file nodes-7001.conf

如果要复制多个端口,按上面的步骤重复操作,修改端口号即可。

5、制作启动配置文件

# cd /usr/local/redis/bin

启动脚本:

# vi cluster_start.sh
./redis-server ../conf/redis_7000.conf
./redis-server ../conf/redis_7001.conf
# chmod +x cluster_start.sh

关闭脚本:

# vi cluster_shutdown.sh
pgrep redis-server | xargs -exec kill -9
# chmod +x cluster_shutdown.sh

 6、启动&关闭Redis:

启动redis:

# ./cluster_start.sh
# ps -ef|grep redis
root      26731      1  0 01:23 ?        00:00:00 redis-server 192.168.146.199:7000 [cluster]
root      26736      1  0 01:23 ?        00:00:00 redis-server 192.168.146.199:7001 [cluster]
root      26741   8648  0 01:23 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis

关闭redis:

# ./cluster_shutdown.sh

 

四、Redis集群

建立集群前需先啟動各個节点的redis服務,並在其中一个redis服务器中执行以下指令建立集群。

1、创建集群

在redis3.0和4.0版本中,创建集群还是使用redis-trib.rb方式去创建,但是在5.0之后,可以直接使用redis-cli直接创建集群,本文redis版本为6.0,所以创建集群的方式为redis-cli方式直接创建。

用以下命令创建集群,--cluster-replicas 1 参数表示希望每个主服务器都有一个从服务器,这里则代表3主3从,前3个代表3个master,后3个代表3个slave。

通过该方式创建的带有从节点的机器不能够自己手动指定主节点,redis集群会尽量把主从服务器分配在不同机器上。

# redis-cli --cluster create 192.168.146.199:7000 192.168.146.200:7000 192.168.146.201:7000 192.168.146.199:7001 192.168.146.200:7001 192.168.146.201:7001 --cluster-replicas 1
>>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...
Master[0] -> Slots 0 - 5460
Master[1] -> Slots 5461 - 10922
Master[2] -> Slots 10923 - 16383
Adding replica 192.168.146.200:6380 to 192.168.146.199:7000
Adding replica 192.168.146.201:6380 to 192.168.146.200:7000
Adding replica 192.168.146.199:6380 to 192.168.146.201:7000
M: 7a0af6d896222c60b582c8ecb16d1369a5ef33b4 192.168.146.199:7000
   slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master
M: 825e26272e82f4900f2b99bb05cc8efa87f2c238 192.168.146.200:7000
   slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master
M: e52b4a755ab35381931ba89cf0399ac2657c0d93 192.168.146.201:7000
   slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master
S: caed0e5b336cb31d6d6b29874170075a21e6923b 192.168.146.199:7001
   replicates e52b4a755ab35381931ba89cf0399ac2657c0d93
S: c155299d628e705565915cec624faf67946556a5 192.168.146.200:7001
   replicates 7a0af6d896222c60b582c8ecb16d1369a5ef33b4
S: d9bca2b5cabb426aa2e296e6696e60e35ef4bebe 192.168.146.201:7001
   replicates 825e26272e82f4900f2b99bb05cc8efa87f2c238
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes
>>> Nodes configuration updated
>>> Assign a different config epoch to each node
>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster
Waiting for the cluster to join
.
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.146.199:7000)
M: 7a0af6d896222c60b582c8ecb16d1369a5ef33b4 192.168.146.199:7000
   slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
S: c155299d628e705565915cec624faf67946556a5 192.168.146.200:7000
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 7a0af6d896222c60b582c8ecb16d1369a5ef33b4
M: 825e26272e82f4900f2b99bb05cc8efa87f2c238 192.168.146.200:7000
   slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
S: d9bca2b5cabb426aa2e296e6696e60e35ef4bebe 192.168.146.201:7000
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 825e26272e82f4900f2b99bb05cc8efa87f2c238
M: e52b4a755ab35381931ba89cf0399ac2657c0d93 192.168.146.201:7000
   slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
S: caed0e5b336cb31d6d6b29874170075a21e6923b 192.168.146.199:7001
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates e52b4a755ab35381931ba89cf0399ac2657c0d93
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.
备注:注意看M和S,对照下集群角色表

2、查看集群状态

# redis-cli -c -h 192.168.146.199 -p 7000 cluster info
cluster_state:ok
cluster_slots_assigned:16384
cluster_slots_ok:16384
cluster_slots_pfail:0
cluster_slots_fail:0
cluster_known_nodes:6
cluster_size:3
cluster_current_epoch:6
cluster_my_epoch:1
cluster_stats_messages_ping_sent:482
cluster_stats_messages_pong_sent:488
cluster_stats_messages_sent:970
cluster_stats_messages_ping_received:483
cluster_stats_messages_pong_received:482
cluster_stats_messages_meet_received:5
cluster_stats_messages_received:970

3、查看集群节点

# redis-cli -c -h 192.168.146.199 -p 7000 cluster nodes
7a0af6d896222c60b582c8ecb16d1369a5ef33b4 192.168.146.199:7000@17000 myself,master - 0 1600191841000 1 connected 0-5460
c155299d628e705565915cec624faf67946556a5 192.168.146.200:7001@17001 slave 7a0af6d896222c60b582c8ecb16d1369a5ef33b4 0 1600191840159 1 connected
825e26272e82f4900f2b99bb05cc8efa87f2c238 192.168.146.200:7000@17000 master - 0 1600191842184 2 connected 5461-10922
d9bca2b5cabb426aa2e296e6696e60e35ef4bebe 192.168.146.201:7001@17001 slave 825e26272e82f4900f2b99bb05cc8efa87f2c238 0 1600191843194 2 connected
e52b4a755ab35381931ba89cf0399ac2657c0d93 192.168.146.201:7000@17000 master - 0 1600191842000 3 connected 10923-16383
caed0e5b336cb31d6d6b29874170075a21e6923b 192.168.146.199:7001@17001 slave e52b4a755ab35381931ba89cf0399ac2657c0d93 0 1600191844207 3 connected

 

五、测试用例

[root@node1 redis-6.0.9]# redis-cli -c -h 192.168.146.199 -p 7000
192.168.146.199:7000> set name node1
-> Redirected to slot [5798] located at 192.168.146.200:7000
OK

[root@node2 redis-6.0.9]# redis-cli -c -h 192.168.146.200 -p 7000
192.168.146.200:7000> get name
"node1"

root@node3 redis-6.0.9]# redis-cli -c -h 192.168.146.201 -p 7000
192.168.146.201:7000> get name
-> Redirected to slot [5798] located at 192.168.146.200:7000
"node1"
192.168.146.201:7000> del name
-> Redirected to slot [5798] located at 192.168.146.200:7000
(integer) 1
192.168.146.201:7000> get name
-> Redirected to slot [5798] located at 192.168.146.200:7000
(nil)

 

六、目录结构

注:刚开始每台服务器只有2个节点,后面又追加了4个节点。

 

 

参考

  1. redis 官网集群搭建

posted on 2021-01-12 11:06  曹伟雄  阅读(9845)  评论(5编辑  收藏  举报

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