RabbitMQ(四)Spring集成RabbitMQ

 

前言

在使用Spring整合RabbitMQ时我们主要关注三个核心接口:

  • RabbitAdmin: 用于声明交换机 队列 绑定等
  • RabbitTemplate: 用于RabbitMQ消息的发送和接收
  • MessageListenerContainer: 监听容器 为消息入队提供异步处理

 

依赖

<dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
     <version>1.7.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

 

配置

可通过以下两种方式进行配置。

  • rabbitmq.xml配置文件
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.6.xsd">

    <!-- 消费者和生产者通用配置(begin) -->
<!-- 创建连接工厂 --> <rabbit:connection-factory id="rabbitmqConnectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq_host}" port="${rabbitmq_port}" username="${rabbitmq_user}" password="${rabbitmq_passwd}" virtual-host="${rabbitmq_vhost}" /> <!-- 创建rabbitAdmin --> <rabbit:admin id="connectAdmin" connection-factory="rabbitmqConnectionFactory"/> <!-- 定义消息对象json转换类 --> <bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter" /> <!-- 消费者和生产者通用配置(end) --> <!-- 财务记账接口配置(begin) --> <!-- 创建rabbitTemplate消息发送模版 --> <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" exchange="${mmc_topic_exchange_name}" routing-key="${mmc_routingkey_name}" connection-factory="rabbitmqConnectionFactory" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter"/> <!-- 财务记账接口配置(end) -->
<!-- 关闭订单配置(begin) --> <!-- 创建rabbitTemplate消息发送模版--> <rabbit:template id="orderDelayTemplate" exchange="mmc.order.delay.exchange-delay" connection-factory="rabbitmqConnectionFactory" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter" routing-key="mmc.order.delay.routingkey" /> <!-- 声明监听的Queue的名称 --> <rabbit:queue id="orderQueue" name="mmc.order.delay.queue"/> <!-- 声明exchange的类型为topic --> <rabbit:direct-exchange name="mmc.order.delay.exchange-delay" declared-by="connectAdmin" delayed="true"> <rabbit:bindings> <rabbit:binding queue="mmc.order.delay.queue" key="mmc.order.delay.routingkey"/> </rabbit:bindings> </rabbit:direct-exchange>
<!-- 创建消息监控容器 --> <bean id="messageHandler" class="com.zat.mmc.service.rabbitmq.MessageHandler"/> <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="rabbitmqConnectionFactory" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter"> <rabbit:listener queues="mmc.order.delay.queue" ref="messageHandler" /> </rabbit:listener-container> <!-- 关闭订单配置(end) --> </beans>

 配置文件其实还可以更简单点:

    <!-- 消费者和生产者通用配置(begin) -->
    <!-- 创建连接 -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory  id="rabbitmqConnectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq_host}" port="${rabbitmq_port}" username="${rabbitmq_user}" password="${rabbitmq_passwd}" virtual-host="${rabbitmq_vhost}" />

    <!-- 创建rabbitAdmin -->
    <rabbit:admin id="connectAdmin" connection-factory="rabbitmqConnectionFactory"/>

    <!-- 消息对象json转换类 -->
    <bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter" />
    <!-- 消费者和生产者通用配置(end) -->


    <!-- 财务记账接口配置(begin) -->
    <!-- 创建rabbitTemplate消息发送模版 -->
    <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate"  exchange="${mmc_topic_exchange_name}" routing-key="${mmc_routingkey_name}" connection-factory="rabbitmqConnectionFactory" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter"/>
    <!-- 财务记账接口配置(end) -->

中间定义了交换机,定义了队列,其实都可以省略的,可以到mq的管理后台创建。在代码中定义交换机和队列的好处是在使用时会自动创建它。

 

  •  Java配置类

spring在启动时会扫描到Configuration这个注解是一个配置文件的注解。

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {

  public final static String QUEUE_NAME = "spring-queue";
  public final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "spring-exchange";
  public final static String ROUTING_KEY = "spring-key";

  // 创建队列
  @Bean
  public Queue queue() {
    return new Queue(QUEUE_NAME);
  }

  // 创建一个 topic 类型的交换器
  @Bean
  public TopicExchange exchange() {
    return new TopicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME);
  }

  // 使用路由键(routingKey)把队列(Queue)绑定到交换器(Exchange)
  @Bean
  public Binding binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) {
    return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTING_KEY);
  }

  @Bean
  public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
    CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory("xx", 5670);
    connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
    connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
    return connectionFactory;
  }

  @Bean
  public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
    RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
    // 注意,autoStartup 必须设置为 true,否则 Spring 容器不会加载 RabbitAdmin 类
    rabbitAdmin.setAutoStartup(true);
    return rabbitAdmin;

  } 

  @Bean
  public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
    return new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
  }
}

 

生产者

@Component
public class DemoProducer {

    @Resource(name = "rabbitTemplate")
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; 

    public void sendProducer() {
        // 生产者发送消息(因为在配置文件里面已经为rabbitTemplate指定了交换机和routing,所以可以省去它们)
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(jsonObject.toJSONString());   
// 生产者往solutionInfo_exchange这个交换机,这个info_queue_key路由中发送消息 rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("solutionInfo_exchange","info_queue_key", jsonObject.toJSONString()); } }

 

消费者

package com.rabbitmq.demo

@Component
public class DemoReceiver extends AbstractAdaptableMessageListener {

    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) {
        try {
            String result=new String(message.getBody(),"UTF-8")
            log.info("bodyJson:" + result);
         } catch (Throwable e) {
            log.error("WechatMsgReceiver exception", e);
         }
    }

}

 

其它

  • 批量自动声明交换机、队列和绑定

可以批量创建Queue和Exchange,批量创建绑定关系并将其放进List集合中返回使用:

 

  •  手动声明交换机、队列和绑定

可通过RabbitAdmin来实现:

/**
 * 声明一个direct类型的、持久化、非排他的交换器
 */
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME, true, false, new HashMap<String, Object>()));
/** * 声明一个持久化、非排他、非自动删除的队列 */ rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, new HashMap<String, Object>()));
/** * 将交换器和队列绑定 */ rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(BindingBuilder.bind(new Queue(QUEUE_NAME)). to(new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME)).with(ROUTING_KEY));

 

posted on 2020-05-20 11:11  曹伟雄  阅读(987)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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