原生js实现简单的单文件上传操作

效果

核心思想

1. 将原生的 <input type="file">隐藏起来，具体来说就是隐藏在【浏览按钮下方】
2. 点击浏览按钮时其实点击的是下方的  <input type="file">；
3. 将获取到的文件名显示在 <input type="text">的显示栏中
4. 使用FormData对象获取文件数据；
5. 通过设置ajax的参数，实现数据数据的上传

html代码（具体的业务代码可以忽略）

<div id="scheduleFileUploadDiv">
    <div id="scheduleFileChooseDiv">
        <input id="scheduleFileNameInput" placeholder="请选择排班文件" type="text" />
        <form action="\'+that.scheduleFileUploadUrl+\'" 
            id="scheduleFileUploadForm" enctype="multipart/form-data" style="display: inline-block; ">
            <input class="scheduleChooseFileInput" id="scheduleFile" type="file" name="file" />浏览
    </div>
    <div class="scheduleFileImportDialogFooterDiv">
        <button id="scheduleFileUploadBtn" onclick="scheduleImport.upload()">上传</button>
        <label id="scheduleImportErrorMsgLabel" style="color: red"></label>
    </div>
</div>

css代码

重点代码加了背景色

#scheduleFileUploadDiv{
    width: 700px;
    height: 110px;
}

#scheduleFileChooseDiv{
    height: 50px;
    width: 98%;
    margin: 20px 0px 0px 20px;
}

.scheduleFileImportDialogFooterDiv {
    padding: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.scheduleChooseFileInput{
    width: 97%;
    height: 28px;
    opacity: 0;
    display: inline-block;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    cursor: pointer;
}

#scheduleFileUploadForm{
    position: relative;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: #9bcbe6;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 30px;
    text-align: center;
    border: 1px solid #1d5367;
    border-radius: 2px;
    /* overflow: hidden; */
    width: 100px;
    background: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0% 0%, 0% 100%, from(#254358), to(#0c293c));
    margin: 0 7px;
}

#scheduleFileNameInput{
    width: 500px;
    height: 30px;
    line-height: 30px;
    padding: 0 5px;
    border: 1px solid #9e9a9a;
    border-radius: 5px;
}

#scheduleFileUploadBtn{
    background: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0% 0%, 0% 100%, from(#65b0c7), to(#3d85a0));
    border: solid 1px #54a8c0;
    border-radius: 2px;
    color: #0c273a;
    width: 100px;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 30px;
    margin-left: 280px;
}

js代码

设置文件名显示代码，最好通过setInterval循环设置

refreshUploadFileName:function () {
    var fileInput = $("#scheduleFile").get(0).files[0];
    if(fileInput){
        $("#scheduleFileNameInput").val(fileInput.name);
    }
}

文件上传代码

upload:function(){
    var that = this;
    var file = document.getElementById("scheduleFile").files[0];
    var formData = new FormData();
    formData.append("file",file);
    $.ajax({
        type: 'POST',
        url: that.scheduleFileUploadUrl,
        data:formData,
        cache: false,                      // 不缓存
        processData: false,                // jQuery不要去处理发送的数据
        contentType: false,                // jQuery不要去设置Content-Type请求头
        success: function (data){
            if(data["success"]){
            }else{
            }
        },
        error:function(){
        },
        dataType: "json",
        async: true
    });
}

 

 

参考文章：

https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000012327982?utm_source=tag-newest

https://www.cnblogs.com/Fancy1486450630/p/10948204.html