如何实现通过汉字的拼音或首拼快速检索(含部分源码)
前段时间有难得的一周左右的时间空闲,在朋友的拉动下玩了开心网,里面有一个小功能很有意思,选择人名的时候,可以根据拼音 或 拼音首字母快速输入,这个功能如果用在我们的应用系统里,对软件的易用性非常有帮助,于是研究了一把,并把全部代码扩充到了E8.Net工作流架构里面。
如图:
输入拼音首字母或全拼均可以快速检索,这个功能对于很多软件系统中人名检索,知识库关键字等快速检索很有帮助。由于E8.Net工作流架构里本来就已经实现了类似google的快速检索的控件(有博客介绍),因此实现通过拼音检索就变得相对容易了。
实现思路如下:
需要检索的内容,数据库里保存汉字相应的拼音首字母和拼音。 (E8.Net中已经包含了将汉字转换为拼音及首拼的全部源码)
汉字转换拼音部分代码如下:
public class GBToPY
{
private static int[] FIRST_TABLE = { 45217, 45253, 45761, 46318, 46826,
47010, 47297, 47614, 47614, 48119, 49062, 49324, 49896, 50371,
50614, 50622, 50906, 51387, 51446, 52218, 52218, 52218, 52698,
52980, 53689, 54481, 55289 };
private static string[] ALL_VALUE = { "zuo", "zun", "zui", "zuan", "zu",
"zou", "zong", "zi", "zhuo", "zhun", "zhui", "zhuang", "zhuan",
"zhuai", "zhua", "zhu",
..};
private static int[] ALL_CODE = { -10254, -10256, -10260, -10262,
-10270, -10274, -10281, -10296, -10307, -10309, -10315, -10322,
-10328, -10329, -10331, -10519, -10533, -10544, -10587, -10764,
-10780, -10790, -10800, -10815, -10832, -10838, -11014, -11018,
-11019, -11020, -11024, -11038, -11041, -11045, -11052, -11055,
-11067, -11077, -11097, -11303, -11324, -11339, -11340, -11358,
-12607, -12802, -12812, -12829, -12831, -12838, -12849, -12852,
-12858, -12860, -12871, -12875, -12888, -13060, -13063, -13068,
-13076, -13091, -13095, -13096, -13107, -13120, -13138, -13147,
-13318, -13326, -13329, -13340, -13343, -13356, -13359, -13367,
-13383, -13387, -13391, -13395, -13398, -13400, -13404, -13406,
-13601, -13611, -13658
.};
public static string getAllPY(char gb2312)
{
int ascii = getCnAscii(gb2312);
if (ascii == 0)
{ // 取ascii时出错
return new string(gb2312, 1);
}
else
{
string spell = getSpellByAscii(ascii);
if (spell == null)
{
return new string(gb2312, 1);
}
else
{
return spell;
} // end of if spell == null
}
}
public static char getFirstPY(char ch)
{
if (ch >= 0 && ch <= 0x7F)
{
return ch;
}
int gb = 0;
byte[] bytes = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312").GetBytes(new string(ch, 1));
if (bytes.Length < 2)
{
gb = byte2Int(bytes[0]);
}
gb = (bytes[0] << 8 & 0xff00) + (bytes[1] & 0xff);
if (gb < FIRST_TABLE[0])
return ch;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 26; ++i)
{
if (match(i, gb))
break;
}
if (i >= 26)
return ch;
else
return (char)(65 + i);
}
public static string getFirstPY(string src)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
int len = src.Length;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
sb.Append(getFirstPY(src[i]));
}
return sb.ToString();
}
private static int getCnAscii(char cn)
{
byte[] bytes = null;
bytes = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312").GetBytes(new string(cn, 1));
if (bytes == null || bytes.Length > 2 || bytes.Length <= 0)
{
return 0;
}
if (bytes.Length == 1)
{
return bytes[0];
}
else
{
int hightByte = bytes[0];
int lowByte = bytes[1];
int ascii = (256 * hightByte + lowByte) - 256 * 256;
return ascii;
}
}
private static string getSpellByAscii(int ascii)
{
if (ascii > 0 && ascii < 160)
{ // 单字符
return new string((char)ascii, 1);
}
if (ascii < -20319 || ascii > -10247)
{ // 不知道的字符
return null;
}
int first = 0;
int sLast = ALL_CODE.Length - 1;
int last = ALL_CODE.Length - 1;
int mid;
int temp;
while (true)
{
mid = (first + last) >> 1;
if (ascii == ALL_CODE[mid])
{
return ALL_VALUE[mid];
}
else if (ascii > ALL_CODE[mid])
{
temp = mid - 1;
if (temp >= 0)
{
if (ascii < ALL_CODE[temp])
{
return ALL_VALUE[mid];
}
else
{
last = mid;
}
}
else
{
return ALL_VALUE[0];
}
}
else
{
if (mid + 1 <= sLast)
{
first = mid + 1;
}
else
{
return ALL_VALUE[sLast];
}
}
}
}
private static bool match(int i, int gb)
{
if (gb < FIRST_TABLE[i])
{
return false;
}
int j = i + 1;
// 字母Z使用了两个标签
while (j < 26 && (FIRST_TABLE[j] == FIRST_TABLE[i]))
{
++j;
}
if (j == 26)
return gb <= FIRST_TABLE[j];
else
return gb < FIRST_TABLE[j];
}
private static int byte2Int(byte b)
{
if (b < 0)
{
return 256 + b;
}
else
{
return b;
}
}
public static bool isSpliter(char c)
{
char[] spliter = { ',', ',', ';', ';' };
foreach (char cc in spliter)
{
if (c == cc)
{
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public static string[] split(string src)
{
string text = src.Trim();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
ArrayList al = new ArrayList();
int i = 0;
//跳过之前的分隔符
for (i = 0; i < text.Length; i++)
{
if (!isSpliter(text[i]))
{
break;
}
}
for (; i < text.Length; i++)
{
if (isSpliter(text[i]))
{
if (sb.Length > 0)
{
al.Add(sb.ToString());
}
sb = new StringBuilder();
}
else
{
sb.Append(text[i]);
}
}
if (sb.Length > 0)
{
al.Add(sb.ToString());
}
if (al.Count > 0)
{
string[] ret = new string[al.Count];
for (i = 0; i < al.Count; i++)
{
ret[i] = (string)al[i];
}
return ret;
}
else
{
return null;
}
}
}
{
private static int[] FIRST_TABLE = { 45217, 45253, 45761, 46318, 46826,
47010, 47297, 47614, 47614, 48119, 49062, 49324, 49896, 50371,
50614, 50622, 50906, 51387, 51446, 52218, 52218, 52218, 52698,
52980, 53689, 54481, 55289 };
private static string[] ALL_VALUE = { "zuo", "zun", "zui", "zuan", "zu",
"zou", "zong", "zi", "zhuo", "zhun", "zhui", "zhuang", "zhuan",
"zhuai", "zhua", "zhu",
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
private static int[] ALL_CODE = { -10254, -10256, -10260, -10262,
-10270, -10274, -10281, -10296, -10307, -10309, -10315, -10322,
-10328, -10329, -10331, -10519, -10533, -10544, -10587, -10764,
-10780, -10790, -10800, -10815, -10832, -10838, -11014, -11018,
-11019, -11020, -11024, -11038, -11041, -11045, -11052, -11055,
-11067, -11077, -11097, -11303, -11324, -11339, -11340, -11358,
-12607, -12802, -12812, -12829, -12831, -12838, -12849, -12852,
-12858, -12860, -12871, -12875, -12888, -13060, -13063, -13068,
-13076, -13091, -13095, -13096, -13107, -13120, -13138, -13147,
-13318, -13326, -13329, -13340, -13343, -13356, -13359, -13367,
-13383, -13387, -13391, -13395, -13398, -13400, -13404, -13406,
-13601, -13611, -13658
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
public static string getAllPY(char gb2312)
{
int ascii = getCnAscii(gb2312);
if (ascii == 0)
{ // 取ascii时出错
return new string(gb2312, 1);
}
else
{
string spell = getSpellByAscii(ascii);
if (spell == null)
{
return new string(gb2312, 1);
}
else
{
return spell;
} // end of if spell == null
}
}
public static char getFirstPY(char ch)
{
if (ch >= 0 && ch <= 0x7F)
{
return ch;
}
int gb = 0;
byte[] bytes = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312").GetBytes(new string(ch, 1));
if (bytes.Length < 2)
{
gb = byte2Int(bytes[0]);
}
gb = (bytes[0] << 8 & 0xff00) + (bytes[1] & 0xff);
if (gb < FIRST_TABLE[0])
return ch;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 26; ++i)
{
if (match(i, gb))
break;
}
if (i >= 26)
return ch;
else
return (char)(65 + i);
}
public static string getFirstPY(string src)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
int len = src.Length;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
sb.Append(getFirstPY(src[i]));
}
return sb.ToString();
}
private static int getCnAscii(char cn)
{
byte[] bytes = null;
bytes = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312").GetBytes(new string(cn, 1));
if (bytes == null || bytes.Length > 2 || bytes.Length <= 0)
{
return 0;
}
if (bytes.Length == 1)
{
return bytes[0];
}
else
{
int hightByte = bytes[0];
int lowByte = bytes[1];
int ascii = (256 * hightByte + lowByte) - 256 * 256;
return ascii;
}
}
private static string getSpellByAscii(int ascii)
{
if (ascii > 0 && ascii < 160)
{ // 单字符
return new string((char)ascii, 1);
}
if (ascii < -20319 || ascii > -10247)
{ // 不知道的字符
return null;
}
int first = 0;
int sLast = ALL_CODE.Length - 1;
int last = ALL_CODE.Length - 1;
int mid;
int temp;
while (true)
{
mid = (first + last) >> 1;
if (ascii == ALL_CODE[mid])
{
return ALL_VALUE[mid];
}
else if (ascii > ALL_CODE[mid])
{
temp = mid - 1;
if (temp >= 0)
{
if (ascii < ALL_CODE[temp])
{
return ALL_VALUE[mid];
}
else
{
last = mid;
}
}
else
{
return ALL_VALUE[0];
}
}
else
{
if (mid + 1 <= sLast)
{
first = mid + 1;
}
else
{
return ALL_VALUE[sLast];
}
}
}
}
private static bool match(int i, int gb)
{
if (gb < FIRST_TABLE[i])
{
return false;
}
int j = i + 1;
// 字母Z使用了两个标签
while (j < 26 && (FIRST_TABLE[j] == FIRST_TABLE[i]))
{
++j;
}
if (j == 26)
return gb <= FIRST_TABLE[j];
else
return gb < FIRST_TABLE[j];
}
private static int byte2Int(byte b)
{
if (b < 0)
{
return 256 + b;
}
else
{
return b;
}
}
public static bool isSpliter(char c)
{
char[] spliter = { ',', ',', ';', ';' };
foreach (char cc in spliter)
{
if (c == cc)
{
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public static string[] split(string src)
{
string text = src.Trim();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
ArrayList al = new ArrayList();
int i = 0;
//跳过之前的分隔符
for (i = 0; i < text.Length; i++)
{
if (!isSpliter(text[i]))
{
break;
}
}
for (; i < text.Length; i++)
{
if (isSpliter(text[i]))
{
if (sb.Length > 0)
{
al.Add(sb.ToString());
}
sb = new StringBuilder();
}
else
{
sb.Append(text[i]);
}
}
if (sb.Length > 0)
{
al.Add(sb.ToString());
}
if (al.Count > 0)
{
string[] ret = new string[al.Count];
for (i = 0; i < al.Count; i++)
{
ret[i] = (string)al[i];
}
return ret;
}
else
{
return null;
}
}
}
通过异步方式即时获取检索内容(JAVASCRIPT脚本中实现缓存机制,保证性能)
具体代码可以参考另一篇博客: http://www.cnblogs.com/cancanwyq/archive/2008/04/17/1158178.html
这样基本上就很容易实现上面图例所示的功能了。
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