fedora23 安装使用web的自动化测试工具selenium

1、pip install selenium 需要root权限

2、运行一个实例 openchrome.py ：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import time

browser = webdriver.Chrome() # Get local session of Chrome
browser.get("http://www.bing.com") # Load page
assert "Bing" in browser.title
elem = browser.find_element_by_name("q") # Find the query box
elem.send_keys("seleniumhq" + Keys.RETURN)
time.sleep(0.2) # Let the page load, will be added to the API
try:
    browser.find_element_by_xpath("//a[contains(@href,'http://docs.seleniumhq.org/')]")
except NoSuchElementException:
    assert 0, "can't find seleniumhq"
browser.close()              

　报错：

FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'chromedriver'

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'chromedriver' executable needs to be in PATH. Please see https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/home

使用提示的链接下载chromedriver，下载好解压即可

将chromedriver所在路径加到PATH变量里：vim ~/.bash_profile   

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:/home/myname/.browserdriver/chromedriver
export PATH

把 /home/myname/.browserdriver/chromedriver 追加到 PATH 后面

source ~/.bash_profile让路径生效

再次执行 python openchrome.py ，报错：

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome version must be >= 55.0.2883.0
(Driver info: chromedriver=2.28.455506 (18f6627e265f442aeec9b6661a49fe819aeeea1f),platform=Linux 4.2.3-300.fc23.x86_64 x86_64)

原因是下载的chromedirver是最新版，chrome版本较旧 ，更新chrome：dnf update google-chrome

$sudo dnf update google-chrome
RPM Fusion for Fedora 23 - Free - Updates                       112 kB/s | 371 kB     00:03    
Last metadata expiration check performed 0:00:00 ago on Sun Mar 26 17:01:21 2017.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================================
 Package                   Arch        Version                Repository                   Size
================================================================================================
Upgrading:
 google-chrome-stable      x86_64      57.0.2987.110-1        google-chrome-unstable       45 M

Transaction Summary
================================================================================================
Upgrade  1 Package

Total download size: 45 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y

　　google-chrome 需要配置 dnf 的 chrome 所用的源repository，这里默认从 rpmfusion free 里下了。　

注：firefox会提示geckodriver

FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'geckodriver'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "openfirefox.py", line 6, in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Firefox() # Get local session of firefox
  File "/usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 145, in __init__
    self.service.start()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py", line 81, in start
    os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'geckodriver' executable needs to be in PATH. 

　　

[1] http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/archive/2013/05/29/3106515.html

[2] https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases

[3] http://stackoverflow.com/questions/40208051/selenium-using-python-geckodriver-executable-needs-to-be-in-path

[4] https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html