python数据可视化案例——力导向图，网络图，关系图（使用pyecharts，networkx，echarts，js）
pyecharts无向关系图，网络图，力导向图，数据来源于2020美赛D题
import json import os from pyecharts import options as opts from pyecharts.charts import Graph, Page import numpy as np import pandas as pd dataset = pd.read_csv('passingevents.csv') #读取数据 data = dataset.values[:, :] nodes=[] links=[] for line in data: if int(line[0])==1 and line[2][0]=="H": palyer={} palyer["name"]=line[2] palyer["symbolSize"]=10 if line[2][8]=='D': color="#FF0000" cat=0 elif line[2][8]=='F': color="#3CB371" cat=1 elif line[2][8]=='M': color="#9400D3" cat=2 else: color="#00BFFF" cat=3 # palyer["itemStyle"]={"normal": {"color": color}} palyer["category"] = cat if palyer not in nodes: nodes.append(palyer) palyer2={} palyer2["name"]=line[3] palyer2["symbolSize"]=10 if line[3][8]=='D': color="#FF0000" cat=0 elif line[3][8]=='F': color="#3CB371" cat=1 elif line[3][8]=='M': color="#9400D3" cat=2 else: color="#00BFFF" cat=3 # palyer2["itemStyle"]={"normal": {"color": color}} palyer2["category"] = cat if palyer2 not in nodes: nodes.append(palyer2) links.append({"source": line[2], "target": line[3]}) categories=[ { "name": "防守" }, { "name": "前锋" }, { "name": "中场" }, { "name": "守门员" }] graph= ( Graph(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(width="1000px", height="800px")) .add("", nodes, links, categories=categories, layout="force" ) .set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="传球网络图")) ) graph.render("力导向传球网络图.html")
python使用networkx
参考博客https://blog.csdn.net/Big_SHOe/article/details/104347916
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap import networkx as nx import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import pandas as pd from collections import Counter matchID=1 #第几场比赛 pass_nodes=[] #经典三色'#4D85BD','#F7903D', '#59A95A' #color_map=["#61A0A8","#D48265","#C23531","#2F4554"] cmap=ListedColormap([ '#87CEEB','#FFD700', '#808000']) #cmap=ListedColormap(color_map) #结点颜色 pass_ways_part=[] path=r"passingevents.csv" data=pd.read_csv(path) time=0 begin_number=0 data["pass_ways_total"]=data["OriginPlayerID"]+","+data["DestinationPlayerID"] #得到这场比赛是从[begin_number,number),共number次传球 for row in range(1,len(data.index)-1): #遍历每一行 if (data.loc[row][0]==matchID): #看比赛的matchID对不对 if(time==0): time=1 begin_number=row number=begin_number+1 else: number=number+1 #遍历每一次传球 #for row in range(len(data.index)): for row in range(begin_number,number): if ((data.loc[row][0]==matchID)and(data.loc[row][1]=="Huskies")): pass_nodes.append(data.loc[row][2]) #传球是从[row][2]传到[row][3] pass_nodes.append(data.loc[row][3]) pass_ways_part.append(data.loc[row][11]) #计算每一种传球组合出现的次数 pass_ways_part=sorted(pass_ways_part) pass_ways_part_dict=Counter(pass_ways_part) #Counter用的好！！！返回字典形式 #开始画图 pass_relation=[i.split(",") for i in pass_ways_part_dict.keys()]#列表里面是列表 pass_relation=[tuple(i) for i in pass_relation]#列表里面变为元组 #里面的数据长这样： # pass_relation=[('Huskies_M5', 'Huskies_F2'),('Huskies_M5', 'Huskies_M4')] pass_node=set(pass_nodes) node_number=[] for i in pass_node: node_number.append(pass_nodes.count(i))#计算包含的点出现的次数node_number nodes_numbers=dict(zip(pass_node,node_number))#点和次数打包成字典 #里面的数据长这样： #nodes_numbers={'Huskies_M5': 7, 'Huskies_G1': 24} edgeWidth=[]#根据权重保存显得粗细 for i in pass_ways_part_dict.values(): edgeWidth.append(i) plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8) , dpi=50) G=nx.MultiGraph() G.add_nodes_from(pass_node)#画点 G.add_edges_from(pass_relation)#画线G.edges() D=dict(G.degree) print("节点的度",D) print("中心性",nx.degree_centrality(G))#中心性 pos = nx.spring_layout(G) plt.subplot() #node_colors=[] ##color_map=["#37a2da","#32c5e9","#67e0e3","#9fe6b8","#ffdb5c","#ff9f7f"] #for n in G.nodes(): # if n[8]=="D": # node_colors.append(color_map[0]) # elif n[8]=="F": # node_colors.append(color_map[1]) # elif n[8]=="F": # node_colors.append(color_map[2]) # else: # node_colors.append(color_map[3]) nx.draw(G,pos,nodelist=D.keys(),node_size=[v*100 for v in D.values()],node_color=range(len(G.nodes())),node_cmap=plt.cm.Paired,with_labels=True, edge_color= range(len(G.edges())),edge_cmap=cmap,width=edgeWidth,alpha=1,font_size=30) plt.show()
也可以直接使用js画图
参考博客https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42402763/article/details/91977109
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <script type="text/javascript" src="./js/jquery.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="./js/echarts.min.js"></script> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <div id="resourceShow" style="width:1200px; height: 1200px;"></div> <script> // 基于准备好的dom，初始化echarts实例 var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('resourceShow'));// 指定图表的配置项和数据 var option = { //backgroundColor: '#000F1F', tooltip: {//弹窗 /*trigger: 'item', formatter: function(params) { //根据值是否为空判断是点还是线段 if(!isEmpty(params.data.source)){//如果鼠标移动到线条 }else{//如果鼠标移动到点 if(params.data.type == "zone"){ return params.data.name + "：<br>" + " " + "配置状态：启用"; }else if(params.data.type == "cluster"){ return params.data.name + "：<br>" + " " + "配置状态：启用"; }else if(params.data.type == "host"){ var msg = ""; msg += params.data.name + "：<br>" + " " + "配置状态：启用" + "<br>"; if(!isEmpty(params.data.connectStatus)){ msg += " " + "连接状态：" + params.data.connectStatus + "<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.roleName)){ msg += " " + "宿主角色：" + params.data.roleName + "<br>"; } msg += " " + "业务数量：" + params.data.businessCnt + "<br>"; if(!isEmpty(params.data.hostCpuCoreNum)){ msg += " " + "CPU核心数：" + params.data.hostCpuCoreNum + "核<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.hostRamSize)){ msg += " " + "内存总容量：" + (params.data.hostRamSize/1024/1024).toFixed(2) + "GB<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.hostRamUsedSize)){ msg += " " + "内存已用量：" + (params.data.hostRamUsedSize/1024/1024).toFixed(2) + "GB<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.hostRamAvailableSize)){ msg += " " + "内存可用量：" + (params.data.hostRamAvailableSize/1024/1024).toFixed(2) + "GB<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.hostRamUsed)){ msg += " " + "内存占用百分比：" + (params.data.hostRamUsed*100).toFixed(2) + "%<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.hostDiskTotalCapacityKB)){ msg += " " + "磁盘总容量：" + (params.data.hostDiskTotalCapacityKB/1024/1024).toFixed(2) + "GB<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.hostDiskUsedKB)){ msg += " " + "磁盘已用量：" + (params.data.hostDiskUsedKB/1024/1024).toFixed(2) + "GB<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.hostDiskAvailableKB)){ msg += " " + "硬盘可用量：" + (params.data.hostDiskAvailableKB/1024/1024).toFixed(2) + "GB<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.hostDiskUsed)){ msg += " " + "硬盘可用量：" + (params.data.hostDiskAvailableKB/1024/1024).toFixed(2) + "GB<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.hostDiskUsed)){ msg += " " + "磁盘占用百分比：" + (params.data.hostDiskUsed*100).toFixed(2) + "%<br>"; } return msg; }else if(params.data.type == "vm"){ var msg = ""; msg += params.data.name + "：<br>" + " " + "配置状态：启用" + "<br>"; if(!isEmpty(params.data.instanceName)){ msg += " " + "实例名称：" + params.data.instanceName + "<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.comment)){ msg += " " + "说明：" + params.data.comment + "<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.applicationName)){ msg += " " + "归属应用：" + params.data.applicationName + "<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.vmCpuCoreNum)){ msg += " " + "CPU核心数：" + params.data.vmCpuCoreNum + "核<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.vmRam)){ msg += " " + "内存大小：" + (params.data.vmRam/1024/1024).toFixed(2) + "GB<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.vmTotalDiskCapacity)){ msg += " " + "磁盘总容量：" + (params.data.vmTotalDiskCapacity/1024/1024).toFixed(2) + "GB<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.systemType)){ msg += " " + "系统：" + params.data.systemType + "<br>"; } if(!isEmpty(params.data.state)){ msg += " " + "电源状态：" + params.data.state + "<br>"; } return msg; } } }*/ }, color:['#09022C', '#040193', '#073CFE', '#0065C2'], legend: { //=========小图标，圖表控件 show:true, data: [{ name: '区域', icon: 'diamond' //'circle', 'rect', 'roundRect', 'triangle', 'diamond', 'pin', 'arrow' //icon:'image://./images/icon1.png' //如果用图片img，格式为'image://+icon文件地址'，其中image::后的//不能省略 }, { name: '集群', icon: 'rect' }, { name: '宿主机', icon: 'roundRect' }, { name: '云主机', icon: 'circle' } ] }, series : [ {//图片配置 type : 'graph', //关系图 //name : "拓扑图", //系列名称，用于tooltip的显示，legend 的图例筛选，在 setOption 更新数据和配置项时用于指定对应的系列。 layout : 'force', //图的布局，类型为力导图，'circular' 采用环形布局，见示例 Les Miserables legendHoverLink : true,//是否启用图例 hover(悬停) 时的联动高亮。 hoverAnimation : true,//是否开启鼠标悬停节点的显示动画 coordinateSystem : null,//坐标系可选 xAxisIndex : 0, //x轴坐标 有多种坐标系轴坐标选项 yAxisIndex : 0, //y轴坐标 force: { repulsion: 450,//相距距离 edgeLength: [150, 200], layoutAnimation: true }, /*force : { //力引导图基本配置 //initLayout: ,//力引导的初始化布局，默认使用xy轴的标点 repulsion : 200,//节点之间的斥力因子。支持数组表达斥力范围，值越大斥力越大。 gravity : 0.03,//节点受到的向中心的引力因子。该值越大节点越往中心点靠拢。 edgeLength :80,//边的两个节点之间的距离，这个距离也会受 repulsion。[10, 50] 。值越小则长度越长 layoutAnimation : true //因为力引导布局会在多次迭代后才会稳定，这个参数决定是否显示布局的迭代动画，在浏览器端节点数据较多（>100）的时候不建议关闭，布局过程会造成浏览器假死。 },*/ roam : true,//是否开启鼠标缩放和平移漫游。默认不开启。如果只想要开启缩放或者平移，可以设置成 'scale' 或者 'move'。设置成 true 为都开启 nodeScaleRatio : 0.6,//鼠标漫游缩放时节点的相应缩放比例，当设为0时节点不随着鼠标的缩放而缩放 draggable : true,//节点是否可拖拽，只在使用力引导布局的时候有用。 focusNodeAdjacency : true,//是否在鼠标移到节点上的时候突出显示节点以及节点的边和邻接节点。 //symbol:'roundRect',//关系图节点标记的图形。ECharts 提供的标记类型包括 'circle'(圆形), 'rect'（矩形）, 'roundRect'（圆角矩形）, 'triangle'（三角形）, 'diamond'（菱形）, 'pin'（大头针）, 'arrow'（箭头） 也可以通过 'image://url' 设置为图片，其中 url 为图片的链接。'path:// 这种方式可以任意改变颜色并且抗锯齿 //symbolSize:10 ,//也可以用数组分开表示宽和高，例如 [20, 10] 如果需要每个数据的图形大小不一样，可以设置为如下格式的回调函数：(value: Array|number, params: Object) => number|Array //symbolRotate:,//关系图节点标记的旋转角度。注意在 markLine 中当 symbol 为 'arrow' 时会忽略 symbolRotate 强制设置为切线的角度。 //symbolOffset:[0,0],//关系图节点标记相对于原本位置的偏移。[0, '50%'] edgeSymbol : [ 'none', 'arrow' ],//边两端的标记类型，可以是一个数组分别指定两端，也可以是单个统一指定。默认不显示标记，常见的可以设置为箭头，如下：edgeSymbol: ['circle', 'arrow'] symbolSize: 50,//图形大小 edgeSymbolSize : 10,//边两端的标记大小，可以是一个数组分别指定两端，也可以是单个统一指定。 itemStyle : {//===============图形样式，有 normal 和 emphasis 两个状态。normal 是图形在默认状态下的样式；emphasis 是图形在高亮状态下的样式，比如在鼠标悬浮或者图例联动高亮时。 normal : { //默认样式 label : { show : true }, //borderType : 'solid', //图形描边类型，默认为实线，支持 'solid'（实线）, 'dashed'(虚线), 'dotted'（点线）。 //borderColor : 'rgba(255,215,0,0.4)', //设置图形边框为淡金色,透明度为0.4 //borderWidth : 2, //图形的描边线宽。为 0 时无描边。 // opacity : 1 // 图形透明度。支持从 0 到 1 的数字，为 0 时不绘制该图形。默认0.5 }, emphasis : {//高亮状态 } }, lineStyle : { //==========关系边的公用线条样式。 normal : { color : '#31354B', width : '1', type : 'solid', //线的类型 'solid'（实线）'dashed'（虚线）'dotted'（点线） curveness : 0, //线条的曲线程度，从0到1 opacity : 1 // 图形透明度。支持从 0 到 1 的数字，为 0 时不绘制该图形。默认0.5 }, emphasis : {//高亮状态 } }, label : { //=============图形上的文本标签 normal : { show : true,//是否显示标签。 position : 'bottom',//标签的位置。['50%', '50%'] [x,y] 'inside' textStyle : { //标签的字体样式 color : '#2D2F3B', //字体颜色 fontStyle : 'normal',//文字字体的风格 'normal'标准 'italic'斜体 'oblique' 倾斜 fontWeight : 'bolder',//'normal'标准'bold'粗的'bolder'更粗的'lighter'更细的或100 | 200 | 300 | 400... fontFamily : 'sans-serif', //文字的字体系列 fontSize : 12, //字体大小 } }, emphasis : {//高亮状态 } }, edgeLabel : {//==============线条的边缘标签 normal : { show : false }, emphasis : {//高亮状态 } }, //别名为nodes name:影响图形标签显示,value:影响选中后值得显示,category:所在类目的index,symbol:类目节点标记图形,symbolSize:10图形大小 //label:标签样式。 //数据 data : [ { "id":0, "name":"f0120", "category":0, "symbol":"diamond", "symbolSize":80, "type":"zone", "itemStyle": 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