在Eclipse中使用Struts和Hibernate框架搭建Maven Web项目

前言

  学习使用Java还是2012年的事情,刚开始学习的Java的时候,使用的是MyEclipse工具和SSH框架。初学者适合使用MyEclipse,因为他将struts、Spring和Hibernate等框架集成在IDE中,可以直接通过添加Capacities将这些框架集成到Web Project中,相应的Jar包也会自动添加到lib目录下,开发过程中还是需要手动添加一些jar包。再后来开始接触Maven,在Eclipse下搭建Maven Web项目。在后来就转C#项目开发了,项目做了快两年的时间,到最近才开始重新拾起这些尘封很久的东西。虽然之前做过Java Web项目,但是最近重温的时候才发现,要始终保持一颗Coding的心,不然真是的是寸步难行啊。这篇文章没有什么技术含量,主要是为后来者提供入门的帮助。

一、工具准备

  必备工具:JDK(jdk1.6.0_10)、Eclipse、Maven(apache-maven-3.0.5)。

  开发过程中,使用Jetty来替代Tomcat来发布项目,在项目完成之后,可以直接部署在Tomcat中。JDK、Eclipse的安装和配置在Baidu上可以找到很多,这里不再赘述。Maven插件的安装教程网上也有,在Maven依赖库的使用上建议使用自定义路径的本地Repository,只需要配置一下settings.xml文件,如<localRepository>D:/Program Files/Java/Maven Local Repository/repository</localRepository>。

  

二、搭建Maven Web项目

  New Maven Project,在选择项目 Archetype(原型)的时候,GroupID选择org.apach.maven.archetype,ArtifactID选择maven-archetype-webapp,接着就是设置项目的GroupID、ArtifactID,其中ArtifactID就是项目名称。

  新建好的项目结构如下:

  

  如果项目结构不一样,是因为选择的Perspective的问题,要选择Java Perspective。在src/main目录下添加Source Folder:src/main/java。

  1 配置web.xml

    
 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <web-app id="pp_monitor" version="2.4"
 3     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
 5 
 6       <display-name>MavenSSH2</display-name>
 7   
 8       <filter>
 9         <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
10         <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
11     </filter>
12     <filter-mapping>
13         <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
14         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
15         <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
16         <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
17     </filter-mapping>
18 
19 </web-app>
web.xml

    主要是配置过滤器,将struts融入到项目中,表示对应当前应用里面的所有请求都使用org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter进行处理。

  2 配置pom.xml

    
  1 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  2   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  3   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  4   <groupId>liu.test.maven</groupId>
  5   <artifactId>MavenSSH2</artifactId>
  6   <packaging>war</packaging>
  7   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  8   <name>MavenSSH2</name>
  9   <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
 10   <dependencies>
 11     
 12         <dependency>
 13               <groupId>junit</groupId>
 14               <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
 15               <version>3.8.1</version>
 16               <scope>test</scope>
 17         </dependency>
 18         <dependency>
 19             <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
 20             <artifactId>struts-taglib</artifactId>
 21             <version>1.3.10</version>
 22         </dependency>
 23         <dependency>
 24             <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
 25             <artifactId>hibernate</artifactId>
 26             <version>3.2.7</version>
 27         </dependency>
 28         
 29         <!-- 必备依赖  -->
 30         <dependency>
 31             <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
 32             <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
 33             <version>2.2.3</version>
 34         </dependency>
 35              <dependency>
 36             <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
 37             <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
 38             <version>2.3.14</version>
 39         </dependency>
 40              <dependency>
 41             <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
 42             <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
 43             <version>1.2.2</version>
 44         </dependency>
 45         <dependency>
 46             <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
 47             <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
 48             <version>2.6</version>
 49         </dependency>
 50         <dependency>
 51             <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
 52             <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
 53             <version>2.3</version>
 54         </dependency>
 55         <dependency>
 56             <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 57             <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 58             <version>1.1.1</version>
 59         </dependency>
 60         <dependency>
 61             <groupId>org.apache.struts.xwork</groupId>
 62             <artifactId>xwork-core</artifactId>
 63             <version>2.2.3.1</version>
 64         </dependency>
 65         <dependency>
 66             <groupId>ognl</groupId>
 67             <artifactId>ognl</artifactId>
 68             <version>3.0.5</version>
 69         </dependency>
 70         <dependency>
 71             <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
 72             <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
 73             <version>1.6.1</version>
 74         </dependency>
 75         <!-- 使用hbm映射文件必备 -->
 76         <dependency>
 77             <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
 78             <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
 79             <version>3.2.1</version>
 80         </dependency>
 81         <!-- 使用hibernate必备 -->
 82         <dependency>
 83             <groupId>cglib</groupId>
 84             <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
 85             <version>2.2.2</version>
 86         </dependency>
 87         <dependency>
 88             <groupId>antlr</groupId>
 89             <artifactId>antlr</artifactId>
 90             <version>2.7.7</version>
 91         </dependency>
 92         <!-- SQL Server驱动 -->
 93         <dependency>
 94             <groupId>net.sourceforge.jtds</groupId>
 95             <artifactId>jtds</artifactId>
 96             <version>1.2.4</version>
 97         </dependency>
 98         <!-- 必备依赖   -->
 99   </dependencies>
100   
101   <build>
102     <finalName>MavenSSH2</finalName>
103     <sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
104     <outputDirectory>target/${project.name}/WEB-INF/classes</outputDirectory>
105     
106     <plugins>
107         <plugin>
108                 <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
109                 <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId>
110                 <version>6.1.24</version>
111                 <configuration>
112                     <scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds>
113                     <contextPath>/</contextPath>
114                     <stopKey>foo</stopKey>
115                     <stopPort>9999</stopPort>
116                 </configuration>
117                 <executions>
118                     <execution>
119                         <id>start-jetty</id>
120                         <phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
121                         <goals>
122                             <goal>run</goal>
123                         </goals>
124                         <configuration>
125                             <scanIntervalSeconds>0</scanIntervalSeconds>
126                             <daemon>true</daemon>
127                         </configuration>
128                     </execution>
129                     <execution>
130                         <id>stop-jetty</id>
131                         <phase>post-integration-test</phase>
132                         <goals>
133                             <goal>stop</goal>
134                         </goals>
135                     </execution>
136                 </executions>
137             </plugin>
138     </plugins>
139         <!-- 
140         <resources>
141             <resource>
142                 
143                 <targetPath>${basedir}/target/${project.name}/WEB-INF/classes</targetPath>
144                 <filtering>false</filtering>
145                 <directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
146                 <includes>
147                     <include>**/*.*</include>
148                 </includes>
149                 <excludes>
150                     <exclude></exclude>
151                 </excludes>
152             </resource>
153         </resources>
154      -->
155   </build>
156 </project>
pom.xml

    pom中配置了使用Struts和Hibernate框架必备的依赖,以及用于开发测试的Jetty服务器plugin。

  3、配置Hibernate配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml

    在src/main/resources下新建XML文件,命名hibernate.cfg.xml。

    
 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
 3             "-//Hibernate.Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
 4             "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
 5             
 6 <hibernate-configuration>
 7 
 8     <session-factory>
 9         
10         <!-- 所使用数据库的驱动名称,不同的数据库有不同的驱动名称 -->
11         <property name="connection.driver_class">net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver</property>
12         <!-- 数据库连接串,数据库服务器IP:127.0.0.1,端口号1433,数据库名称blog -->
13         <property name="connection.url">jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:1433/blog</property>
14         <property name="connection.username">root</property>
15         <property name="connection.password">123456</property>
16         
17         <!-- Hibernate对应SQL Server的方言。不同数据库有不同的方言 -->
18         <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect</property>
19         
20         <!-- 可以看到hibernate每次操作数据库的时候,在console中打印对应的sql语句,开发的时候设置为true,部署的时候设置为false -->
21         <property name="show_sql">true</property>
22         
23         <mapping resource="hbm/User.hbm.xml" />
24         
25     </session-factory>
26 
27 </hibernate-configuration>
hibernate.cfg.xml

  4、创建数据表映射文件

    这里根据数据库中的表来创建,测试数据库blog中只有T_User一张表,这里只需要新建映射文件User.hbm.xml,这里需要注意一点就是数据库的表名与我们JavaBean实体类名不要一致,否则在发布的时候会报错。hbm文件写起来比较繁琐,可以使用xdoclet工具直接生成。

    
 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
 3     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" 
 4     "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
 5     
 6 <hibernate-mapping>
 7 
 8     <!-- name对应JavaBean类,tabel对应数据库表明 -->
 9     <class name="com.mavenssh.data.User" table="T_User">
10         <!-- 主键映射 -->
11         <id name="userID" column="userID" type="int">
12             <generator class="increment"></generator>
13         </id>
14     
15         <!-- 其他字段映射 --><!-- 如果实体类中属性名和表字段名一致时,column可指定 -->
16         <property name="username" column="username" type="string"></property>
17         <property name="password" column="password" type="string"></property>
18     </class>
19 
20 </hibernate-mapping>    
User.hbm.xml

三、代码

  在src/main/java下新建相应的package,截图如下:

  

  其中util包中是用于存放一些工具类,比如HibernateUtil等。

  
 1 package com.mavenssh.util;
 2 
 3 import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
 4 import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
 5 import org.hibernate.classic.Session;
 6 
 7 public class HibernateUtil {
 8 
 9     private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
10     
11     static
12     {
13         try {
14             
15             sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml")
16                     .buildSessionFactory();
17         }
18         catch (Exception e) 
19         {
20             System.out.printf(e.getMessage());
21             e.printStackTrace();
22         }
23     }
24     
25     public static Session openSession()
26     {
27         Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
28         
29         return session;
30     }
31     
32     public static void closeSession(Session session)
33     {
34         if(session!=null)
35         {
36             session.close();
37         }
38     }
39 }
HibernateUtil

  

  
 1 package com.mavenssh.data;
 2 
 3 public class User {
 4     
 5     private int userID;
 6     private String username;
 7     private String password;
 8     
 9     public int getUserID() {
10         return userID;
11     }
12     public void setUserID(int userID) {
13         this.userID = userID;
14     }
15     public String getUsername() {
16         return username;
17     }
18     public void setUsername(String username) {
19         this.username = username;
20     }
21     public String getPassword() {
22         return password;
23     }
24     public void setPassword(String password) {
25         this.password = password;
26     }
27 }
User

  

  
 1 package com.mavenssh.dao;
 2 
 3 import com.mavenssh.data.User;
 4 
 5 public interface UserDAO {
 6     
 7     public User getUser(User user);
 8     
 9     public void saveUser(User user);
10 }
UserDAO

  

  在实例化SessionFactory的时候,因为hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件在resources源文件夹在,因此需要给configure方法指定路径参数"/hibernate.cfg.xml"。

  
 1 package com.mavenssh.dao.impl;
 2 
 3 import org.hibernate.Query;
 4 import org.hibernate.Transaction;
 5 import org.hibernate.classic.Session;
 6 
 7 import com.mavenssh.dao.UserDAO;
 8 import com.mavenssh.data.User;
 9 import com.mavenssh.util.HibernateUtil;
10 
11 public class UserDAOImpl implements UserDAO {
12 
13     public User getUser(User user) {
14         
15         Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
16         Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
17         User user2 = null;
18         
19         try 
20         {
21             Query query = session.createQuery("from User where username=?");
22             query.setString(0, user.getUsername()); 
23             user2 = (User)query.uniqueResult();
24             tx.commit();
25         } 
26         catch (Exception e) 
27         {
28             if(tx!=null)
29             {
30                 tx.rollback();    
31             }
32         }
33         finally
34         {
35             HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
36         }
37         
38         return user2;
39     }
40     
41     public void saveUser(User user)
42     {
43         Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
44         Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
45         
46         try 
47         {
48             session.save(user);
49             tx.commit();
50         } catch (Exception e) {
51             if(tx!=null)
52             {
53                 tx.rollback();    
54             }
55         }
56         finally
57         {
58             HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
59         }
60     }
61 }
UserDAOImpl

  UserService是业务层,主要是处理业务逻辑的代码。

  
 1 package com.mavenssh.service;
 2 
 3 import com.mavenssh.data.User;
 4 
 5 public interface UserService {
 6 
 7     public User getUser(User user);
 8     
 9     public void saveUser(User user);
10 }
UserService
  
 1 package com.mavenssh.service.impl;
 2 
 3 import com.mavenssh.dao.UserDAO;
 4 import com.mavenssh.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl;
 5 import com.mavenssh.data.User;
 6 import com.mavenssh.service.UserService;
 7 
 8 public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
 9 
10     private UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
11     
12     public UserDAO getUserDAO() {
13         return userDAO;
14     }
15 
16     public void setUserDAO(UserDAO userDAO) {
17         this.userDAO = userDAO;
18     }
19 
20     public User getUser(User user) {
21         
22         return userDAO.getUser(user);
23     }
24 
25     public void saveUser(User user) {
26         
27         userDAO.saveUser(user);
28     }
29 }
UserServiceImpl

  LoginAction类继承了ActionSupport,并重写了其execute方法,这个方法对应LoginAction请求是会被执行,如果是自定义方法,需要在struts.xml的action Element中指定method Attribute。

  
 1 package com.mavenssh.action;
 2 
 3 import java.io.Console;
 4 
 5 import com.mavenssh.data.User;
 6 import com.mavenssh.service.UserService;
 7 import com.mavenssh.service.impl.UserServiceImpl;
 8 import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
 9 
10 public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {
11     
12     private User user;
13     private UserService userService = new UserServiceImpl();
14     
15     public User getUser() {
16         return user;
17     }
18 
19     public void setUser(User user) {
20         this.user = user;
21     }
22 
23     public UserService getUserService() {
24         return userService;
25     }
26     
27     public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
28         this.userService = userService;
29     }
30     
31     @Override
32     public String execute() throws Exception {
33         
34         User user2 = userService.getUser(user);
35         
36         if(user2!=null){
37             
38             return SUCCESS;
39         }
40         else {
41             
42             return "login";
43         }
44     }
45 }
LoginAction

四、页面和struts.xml

  index.jsp页面代码如下,使用的struts taglib,要使用struts标签库需要在jsp页面顶部添加<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>。

  
 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
 2 <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 4 
 5 
 6 <html>
 7 <body style="padding: 200px;margin-left:500px">
 8 
 9     <s:form id="loginForm" action="loginAction" class="www_zzjs_net" method="post" namespace="/">
10         <s:textfield name="user.username" label="UserName" required="required" aria-required="true" placeholder="请输入用户名"></s:textfield>
11         <s:textfield name="user.password" label="Password" required="required" aria-required="true" placeholder="请输入密码"></s:textfield>
12     
13         <s:submit value="submit" value="登录"></s:submit>
14         <s:reset value="reset" value="取消"></s:reset>
15     </s:form>
16 
17 </body>
18 </html>
index.jsp

  在src.main/resources下新建struts.xml文件,主要配置JSP页面请求对应的Action类以及处理方法,以及页面跳转逻辑。

  
 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK" ?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
 3     "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
 4     "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
 5 <struts>
 6 
 7     <package name="main" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
 8         <action name="loginAction" class="com.mavenssh.action.LoginAction">
 9             <result name="success">profile.jsp</result>
10             <result name="login">index.jsp</result>
11         </action>
12         <action name="registerAction" class="com.mavenssh.action.RegisterAction">
13             <result name="success">profile.jsp</result>
14         </action>
15     </package>
16 
17 </struts>
struts.xml

五、项目结构
  

  开启Jetty服务器,在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8080/index.jsp

  

 

 

 

 

 

  

posted @ 2014-07-14 11:28  取啥名字  阅读(1534)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报