RabbitMQ 入门

简介

 

RabbitMQ是一个Message Broker，核心思想就是接受消息，转发消息。

实现的协议：AMQP。

 

术语(Jargon)

 

P，Producing，制造和发送信息的一方。

Queue，消息队列。

C，Consuming，接收消息的一方。

 

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Simple Demo

 

发送方

 

    ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
    factory.setHost("localhost");
    Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
    Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
 
    channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null); //(如果没有就)创建Queue
    String message = "Hello World!";
    channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());//以byte的方式发布
    System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
 
    channel.close();
    connection.close();

 

接收方

 

    ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
    factory.setHost("localhost");
    Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
    Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
 
    channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);//看一下Queue是否存在
 
    QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
    channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
 
    while (true) {
      QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();//阻塞，直到接收到一条消息
      String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
      System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
    }

 

 

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订阅/发布Demo

 

发送消息给多个订阅者

核心思想：消息发送给exchange，每个接收方创建匿名Queue绑定到exchange，exchange发送消息给每个接收方。

 

Exchanges

 

在RabbitMQ完整的模型中，消息只能发送给一个exchange。

exchange一方面接收消息，另一方面push给queues。

 

exchange类型

> rabbitmqctl list_exchanges

direct

topic

headers

fanout 广播消息给已知队列

 

发送方

 

String EXCHANGE_NAME = "logs";
 
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 设置 exchange 类型
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME /*exchange名称*/, "fanout"/*类型*/);
// 发布消息时，指定 exchange 名称
channel.basicPublish( EXCHANGE_NAME , "", null, message.getBytes());
channel.close();
connection.close();

 

 

接收方（可多个同时运行）

 

ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 设置exchange名称和类型
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");
// 创建一个临时的、带有随机名称的Queue，用来与 exchange 绑定
String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
hannel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, ""); // 绑定
System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);
while (true) {
            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
            System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
 }

 

 

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Install

 

@Windows

1 先安装Erlang。

2 官方网下载 .exe。

 

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管理

 

命令行管理

http://www.rabbitmq.com/man/rabbitmqctl.1.man.html

 

WebUI管理

> rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

重启后访问 http://localhost:15672/

guest,guest

 

角色

management

policymaker

monitoring

administrator

 

添加用户并分配角色

> rabbitmqctl add_user name pass

> rabbitmqctl set_user_tags name administrator

 

插件管理

启用插件

> rabbitmq-plugins enable plugin-name

 

 

配置文件

etc\rabbitmq.config

 

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Refs

 

1 入门 http://www.rabbitmq.com/getstarted.html