搭建Linux-java web运行环境之二：安装mysql(CentOS6.5)

环境
OS:CentOS-6.5
JDK:jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz
Tomcat:apache-tomcat-7.0.90.tar.gz
mysql:mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

一、卸载原先安装的mysql
1、查找已安装mysql版本

[root@node102 /]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

2、删除mysql

[root@node102 /]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

删除之后使用rpm -qa | grep mysql 验证是否删除成功

3、删除残留mysql文件

[root@node102 /]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql*
[root@node102 /]# rm -rf /usr/share/mysql*
[root@node102 /]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
[root@node102 /]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf~
[root@node102 /]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql

二、下载、上传、解压

1、下载解压版mysql 安装版会是文件分散而且一旦安装失败不好卸载

3、解压创建软连接

[root@node102 src]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@node102 src]# cd /usr/local/ && ln -s mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

4、创建mysql-files目录，其作用是为secure_file_priv系统变量的值的导入和导出到限定目录提供方便

[root@node102 local]# cd mysql && mkdir mysql-files

5、安装依赖库libaio，如果更高版本是支持非均匀内存访问（NUMA）的，它现在依赖于libnuma 库,Redhat/Fedora/CentOS系统

[root@node102 local]# yum install libaio -y

6、创建MYSQL data数据库文件目录

[root@node102 local]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

7、创建mysql的用户组和用户，并对mysql目录设置用户组和用户

[root@node102 local]# groupadd mysql
[root@node102 local]# useradd mysql -g mysql
[root@node102 local]# cd mysql && pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[root@node102 mysql]# chown -R mysql . 
[root@node102 mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .

8、初始化mysql (这一步依赖mysql用户)

[root@node102 bin]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2019-07-02 09:09:33 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2019-07-02 09:09:39 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
2019-07-02 09:09:39 [WARNING] 2019-07-02T01:09:33.830492Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
2019-07-02T01:09:33.840636Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2019-07-02T01:09:33.840670Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

mysql通过mysql_install_db初始化数据目录时使用--user选项的作用是什么?

9、创建sock文件目录

[root@node102 local]# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql && chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
[root@node102 local]# ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

10、配置/etc/my.cnf(mysql的主配置文件)

[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

my.cnf配置文件详解

11、启动mysql
(1)命令启动

[root@node102 run]# /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

(2) 系统服务启动

#拷贝启动服务脚本到系统服务目录下

[root@node102 ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

#将mysql服务设置为开机启动

[root@node102 ~]# chkconfig mysql on
[root@node102 ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
mysql 0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

#启动mysql

[root@node102 ~]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

12、mysql bin目录加入环境变量并重新加载

[root@PCS101 local]# vim /etc/profile

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

[root@PCS101 local]# source /etc/profile

13、获取mysql初始化密码，登录mysql，修改root用户密码

[root@node102 run]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2019-07-02 09:09:33 
og4*e1rek6a)
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.26

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set password=password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

14、允许root用户远程访问：

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select Host,User from user;
+-----------+---------------+
| Host      | User          |
+-----------+---------------+
| %         | root          |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys     |
| localhost | root          |
+-----------+---------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

三、使用root账号创建应用系统访问用户和数据库

1、使用mysql -u root -p登陆
[root@PCS101 local]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:

2、创建test用户，允许该用户本地访问
mysql> create user 'test'@'localhost' identified by '123456';

3、创建test用户，允许该用户远程访问
mysql> create user 'test'@'%' identified by '123456';

4、刷新授权:

mysql> flush privileges;

5、创建数据库testdb
mysql> create database testdb DEFAULT CHARSET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

6、授予用户test通过远程IP对于该数据库的全部权限
mysql> grant all privileges on `testdb`.* to 'test'@'%' identified by '123456';

如果不赋权使用Navicat远程连接会报错 “1045 access denied for user 'test'@'localhost' ....”

7、授予用户在本地服务器对该数据库的全部权限

mysql> grant all privileges on `testdb`.* to 'test'@'localhost' identified by '123456';

8、刷新授权:

mysql> flush privileges;

9、退出 root 重新登录
mysql> exit

10、配置Navicat远程登录mysql