Metadata file not found - Data.Entity.Model
错误 3 正在编译转换: 未能找到元数据文件“F:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\Common7\Tools\..\IDE\Microsoft.Data.Entity.Design.DatabaseGeneration.dll” E:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\Common7\IDE\Extensions\Microsoft\Entity Framework Tools\DBGen\SSDLToSQL10.tt 1 1 杂项文件
原错误信息：
纠结了一半天，总算在 stackoverflow 找到了答案，
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19664833/metadata-file-not-found-data-entity-model#
（没读懂英文的可以看我下面的分析）
问题简单分析，看下创建 EF 生成模型时候产生的 SSDLToSql10.tt（这是用于 Code First 模式下生成的一个模板文件，主要是用来生成一个 DLL SQL SCRIPT [此处没深入了解，如有不妥请指教]）
1 <# 2 //--------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 // <copyright file="SsdlToSql10.tt" company="Microsoft"> 4 // Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. 5 // </copyright> 6 //--------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 // This T4 template generates T-SQL from an instance of 8 // System.Data.Metadata.Edm.StoreItemCollection, an object representation 9 // of the SSDL. This T-SQL is compatible with SQL 2012, 2008, 2005, CE, and Azure databases. 10 //--------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 // Note: We will resolve all paths in assembly directives at runtime, taking 12 // macros and environment variables into account (e.g. $(ProjectDir), %VS120COMNTOOLS% etc.) 13 #> 14 <#@ assembly name="System.Core" #> 15 <#@ assembly name="%VS120COMNTOOLS%..\IDE\Microsoft.Data.Entity.Design.DatabaseGeneration.dll"#> 16 <#@ assembly name="%VS120COMNTOOLS%..\IDE\EntityFramework.dll"#> 17 <#@ assembly name="%VS120COMNTOOLS%..\IDE\EntityFramework.SqlServer.dll" #> 18 <#@ assembly name="%VS120COMNTOOLS%..\IDE\EntityFramework.SqlServerCompact.dll" #> 19 <#@ import namespace="System.Linq" #> 20 <#@ import namespace="System.Text" #> 21 <#@ import namespace="System.Collections.Generic" #> 22 <#@ import namespace="System.Data.Entity" #> 23 <#@ import namespace="System.Data.Entity.Core.Metadata.Edm" #> 24 <#@ import namespace="Microsoft.Data.Entity.Design.DatabaseGeneration" #> 25 <#@ import namespace="System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging" #> 26 <#@ import namespace="System.Text.RegularExpressions" #> 27 <#@ template language="C#" debug="true" hostspecific="true" #> 28 <#@ include file="GenerateTSQL.Utility.ttinclude"#> 29 <#@ output extension = ".sql" #> 30 <# 31 32 // +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 33 // Setup for the template (initializing variables, etc.) 34 // +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 35 36 string databaseName = this.GetInput<string>(EdmParameterBag.ParameterName.DatabaseName.ToString()); 37 string edmxPath = this.GetInput<string>(EdmParameterBag.ParameterName.EdmxPath.ToString()); 38 Version targetVersion = this.GetInput<Version>(EdmParameterBag.ParameterName.TargetVersion.ToString()); 39 40 DbConfiguration.SetConfiguration(new TemplateDbConfiguration()); 41 42 if (false == InitializeAndValidateExistingStore()) 43 { 44 #> 45 -- Warning: There were errors validating the existing SSDL. Drop statements 46 -- will not be generated. 47 <# 48 } 49 #> 50 -- -------------------------------------------------- 51 <# 52 if (this.IsSQLCE) { 53 #> 54 -- Entity Designer DDL Script for SQL Server Compact Edition 55 <# 56 } else { 57 #> 58 -- Entity Designer DDL Script for SQL Server 2005, 2008, 2012 and Azure 59 <# 60 } 61 #> 62 -- -------------------------------------------------- 63 -- Date Created: <#=DateTime.Now#> 64 <# 65 if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(edmxPath)) 66 { 67 #> 68 -- Generated from EDMX file: <#=Id(edmxPath)#> 69 <# 70 } 71 #> 72 -- -------------------------------------------------- 73 74 <# if (!this.IsSQLCE) 75 { 76 #> 77 SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF; 78 GO 79 <# if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(databaseName)) 80 { 81 #> 82 USE [<#=Id(databaseName)#>]; 83 GO 84 <# 85 } 86 foreach (string unescapedSchemaName in (from es in Store.GetAllEntitySets() select es.GetSchemaName()).Distinct()) 87 { 88 #> 89 IF SCHEMA_ID(N'<#=Lit(unescapedSchemaName)#>') IS NULL EXECUTE(N'CREATE SCHEMA [<#=Id(unescapedSchemaName)#>]'); 90 <# 91 } 92 #> 93 GO 94 <# } #> 95 96 -- -------------------------------------------------- 97 -- Dropping existing FOREIGN KEY constraints 98 <# if (this.IsSQLCE) 99 { 100 #> 101 -- NOTE: if the constraint does not exist, an ignorable error will be reported. 102 <# } #> 103 -- -------------------------------------------------- 104 105 <# 106 foreach (AssociationSet associationSet in ExistingStore.GetAllAssociationSets()) 107 { 108 ReferentialConstraint constraint = associationSet.ElementType.ReferentialConstraints.Single(); 109 string constraintName = Id(WriteFKConstraintName(constraint)); 110 AssociationSetEnd dependentSetEnd = associationSet.AssociationSetEnds.Where(ase => ase.CorrespondingAssociationEndMember == constraint.ToRole).Single(); 111 string schemaName = Id(dependentSetEnd.EntitySet.GetSchemaName()); 112 string dependentTableName = Id(dependentSetEnd.EntitySet.GetTableName()); 113 114 if (!this.IsSQLCE) 115 { 116 #> 117 IF OBJECT_ID(N'[<#=Lit(schemaName)#>].[<#=Lit(constraintName)#>]', 'F') IS NOT NULL 118 <# } #> 119 ALTER TABLE <# if (!IsSQLCE) {#>[<#=schemaName#>].<#}#>[<#=dependentTableName#>] DROP CONSTRAINT [<#=constraintName#>]; 120 GO 121 <# 122 } 123 #> 124 125 -- -------------------------------------------------- 126 -- Dropping existing tables 127 <# if (this.IsSQLCE) 128 { 129 #> 130 -- NOTE: if the table does not exist, an ignorable error will be reported. 131 <# } #> 132 -- -------------------------------------------------- 133 134 <# 135 foreach (EntitySet entitySet in ExistingStore.GetAllEntitySets()) 136 { 137 string schemaName = Id(entitySet.GetSchemaName()); 138 string tableName = Id(entitySet.GetTableName()); 139 140 if (!this.IsSQLCE) 141 { 142 #> 143 IF OBJECT_ID(N'[<#=Lit(schemaName)#>].[<#=Lit(tableName)#>]', 'U') IS NOT NULL 144 <# } #> 145 DROP TABLE <# if (!IsSQLCE) {#>[<#=schemaName#>].<#}#>[<#=tableName#>]; 146 GO 147 <# 148 } 149 #> 150 151 -- -------------------------------------------------- 152 -- Creating all tables 153 -- -------------------------------------------------- 154 155 <# 156 foreach (EntitySet entitySet in Store.GetAllEntitySets()) 157 { 158 string schemaName = Id(entitySet.GetSchemaName()); 159 string tableName = Id(entitySet.GetTableName()); 160 #> 161 -- Creating table '<#=tableName#>' 162 CREATE TABLE <# if (!IsSQLCE) {#>[<#=schemaName#>].<#}#>[<#=tableName#>] ( 163 <# 164 for (int p = 0; p < entitySet.ElementType.Properties.Count; p++) 165 { 166 EdmProperty prop = entitySet.ElementType.Properties[p]; 167 #> 168 [<#=Id(prop.Name)#>] <#=prop.ToStoreType()#> <#=WriteIdentity(prop, targetVersion)#> <#=WriteNullable(prop.Nullable)#><#=(p < entitySet.ElementType.Properties.Count - 1) ? "," : ""#> 169 <# 170 } 171 #> 172 ); 173 GO 174 175 <# 176 } 177 #> 178 -- -------------------------------------------------- 179 -- Creating all PRIMARY KEY constraints 180 -- -------------------------------------------------- 181 182 <# 183 foreach (EntitySet entitySet in Store.GetAllEntitySets()) 184 { 185 string schemaName = Id(entitySet.GetSchemaName()); 186 string tableName = Id(entitySet.GetTableName()); 187 #> 188 -- Creating primary key on <#=WriteColumns(entitySet.ElementType.GetKeyProperties(), ',')#> in table '<#=tableName#>' 189 ALTER TABLE <# if (!IsSQLCE) {#>[<#=schemaName#>].<#}#>[<#=tableName#>] 190 ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_<#=tableName#>] 191 PRIMARY KEY <# if (!IsSQLCE) {#>CLUSTERED <#}#>(<#=WriteColumns(entitySet.ElementType.GetKeyProperties(), ',')#> <# if (!IsSQLCE) {#>ASC<#}#>); 192 GO 193 194 <# 195 } 196 #> 197 -- -------------------------------------------------- 198 -- Creating all FOREIGN KEY constraints 199 -- -------------------------------------------------- 200 201 <# 202 foreach (AssociationSet associationSet in Store.GetAllAssociationSets()) 203 { 204 ReferentialConstraint constraint = associationSet.ElementType.ReferentialConstraints.Single(); 205 AssociationSetEnd dependentSetEnd = associationSet.AssociationSetEnds.Where(ase => ase.CorrespondingAssociationEndMember == constraint.ToRole).Single(); 206 AssociationSetEnd principalSetEnd = associationSet.AssociationSetEnds.Where(ase => ase.CorrespondingAssociationEndMember == constraint.FromRole).Single(); 207 string schemaName = Id(dependentSetEnd.EntitySet.GetSchemaName()); 208 string dependentTableName = Id(dependentSetEnd.EntitySet.GetTableName()); 209 string principalTableName = Id(principalSetEnd.EntitySet.GetTableName()); 210 #> 211 -- Creating foreign key on <#=WriteColumns(constraint.ToProperties, ',')#> in table '<#=dependentTableName#>' 212 ALTER TABLE <#if (!IsSQLCE) {#>[<#=schemaName#>].<#}#>[<#=dependentTableName#>] 213 ADD CONSTRAINT [<#=WriteFKConstraintName(constraint)#>] 214 FOREIGN KEY (<#=WriteColumns(constraint.ToProperties, ',')#>) 215 REFERENCES <# if (!IsSQLCE) {#>[<#=schemaName#>].<#}#>[<#=principalTableName#>] 216 (<#=WriteColumns(constraint.FromProperties, ',')#>) 217 ON DELETE <#=GetDeleteAction(constraint)#> ON UPDATE NO ACTION; 218 <# 219 // if the foreign keys are part of the primary key on the dependent end, then we should not add a constraint. 220 if (!dependentSetEnd.EntitySet.ElementType.GetKeyProperties().Take(constraint.ToProperties.Count()).OrderBy(r => r.Name).SequenceEqual(constraint.ToProperties.OrderBy(r => r.Name))) 221 { 222 #> 223 224 -- Creating non-clustered index for FOREIGN KEY '<#=WriteFKConstraintName(constraint)#>' 225 CREATE INDEX [IX_<#=WriteFKConstraintName(constraint)#>] 226 ON <#if (!IsSQLCE) {#>[<#=schemaName#>].<#}#>[<#=dependentTableName#>] 227 (<#=WriteColumns(constraint.ToProperties, ',')#>); 228 <# 229 } 230 #> 231 GO 232 233 <# 234 } 235 #> 236 -- -------------------------------------------------- 237 -- Script has ended 238 -- --------------------------------------------------
这里面就可以看到它引用了这几个程序集
<#@ assembly name="System.Core" #> <#@ assembly name="%VS120COMNTOOLS%..\IDE\Microsoft.Data.Entity.Design.DatabaseGeneration.dll"#> <#@ assembly name="%VS120COMNTOOLS%..\IDE\EntityFramework.dll"#> <#@ assembly name="%VS120COMNTOOLS%..\IDE\EntityFramework.SqlServer.dll" #> <#@ assembly name="%VS120COMNTOOLS%..\IDE\EntityFramework.SqlServerCompact.dll" #>
索性我发现这几个程序集确实没在编译报错的路径中，我直接 copy 粘贴到了指定的目录下甚至还在编译器中引用，编译依旧如此。有点棘手！
最后看了老外的分析，说是 visual studio 安装的环境变量值路径不对，后来才一愣发现真是这个问题
控制面板->系统->高级系统设置->高级->环境变量
最终才明白原来编译的路径依据是根据环境变量来的，真是图样图森破
