微信自定义分享
前端时间,开发了一个资讯类的项目,但销售部门进行微信推广时,分享的链接直接是网页链接加分享符号,即难看又不正规,于是研究了一下微信自定义的分享功能
未配置自义定分享时,分享的页面:
成功配置后:
前期准备工作:
1.认证公众号的appId,appSecret
2.各种获取微信信息链接,封装在配置文件里(此部分查找微信自定义分享API,地址:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki?t=resource/res_main&id=mp1421141115)
# 获取access_token请求地址 getAccessTokenUrl: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=%s&secret=%s #获取accessToken getAccessTokenOAuthUrl: https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=%s&secret=%s&code=%s&grant_type=authorization_code # 获取用户基本信息请求地址 getUserInfoUrl: https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=%s&openid=%s&lang=zh_CN #获取code getCodeUrl: https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=%s&redirect_uri=%s&response_type=%s&scope=%s&state=%s#wechat_redirect #获取ticket getTicketUrl: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=%s&type=jsapi
3.controller层
/** * 微信配置信息实体 */ @Autowired private WeiXinProperties weiXinProperties; //微信参数 private String accessToken; private String jsApiTicket; //获取参数的时刻 private Long getTiketTime = 0L; private Long getTokenTime = 0L; //参数的有效时间,单位是秒(s) private Long tokenExpireTime = 0L; private Long ticketExpireTime = 0L; /** * 微信自定义分享 */ @RequestMapping(value = "/getShareInfo", method = RequestMethod.POST) public Map<String, String> getShareInfo(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String url) { //当前时间 long now = System.currentTimeMillis(); //判断accessToken是否已经存在或者token是否过期 if (StringUtils.isBlank(accessToken) || (now - getTokenTime > tokenExpireTime * 1000)) { JSONObject tokenInfo = getAccessToken(); if (tokenInfo != null) { accessToken = tokenInfo.getString("access_token"); tokenExpireTime = tokenInfo.getLongValue("expires_in"); //获取token的时间 getTokenTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); log.info("accessToken====>" + accessToken); log.info("tokenExpireTime====>" + tokenExpireTime + "s"); log.info("getTokenTime====>" + getTokenTime + "ms"); } else { log.info("====>tokenInfo is null~"); log.info("====>failure of getting tokenInfo,please do some check~"); } } //判断jsApiTicket是否已经存在或者是否过期 if (StringUtils.isBlank(jsApiTicket) || (now - getTiketTime > ticketExpireTime * 1000)) { JSONObject ticketInfo = getJsApiTicket(accessToken); if (ticketInfo != null) { log.info("ticketInfo====>" + ticketInfo.toJSONString()); jsApiTicket = ticketInfo.getString("ticket"); ticketExpireTime = ticketInfo.getLongValue("expires_in"); getTiketTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); log.info("jsApiTicket====>" + jsApiTicket); log.info("ticketExpireTime====>" + ticketExpireTime + "s"); log.info("getTiketTime====>" + getTiketTime + "ms"); } else { log.info("====>ticketInfo is null~"); log.info("====>failure of getting tokenInfo,please do some check~"); } } //生成微信权限验证的参数 Map<String, String> wechatParam = makeWXTicket(jsApiTicket, url); return wechatParam; } //获取accessToken private JSONObject getAccessToken() { //String accessTokenUrl = https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET //获取微信端的accessToken String requestUrl = String.format(weiXinProperties.getGetAccessTokenUrl(), weiXinProperties.getAppId(), weiXinProperties.getAppSecret()); String result = send(requestUrl); JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(result); return jsonObject; } //获取ticket private JSONObject getJsApiTicket(String access_token) { //String apiTicketUrl = https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&type=jsapi // 通过acessToken 获取ticket String requestUrl = String.format(weiXinProperties.getGetTicketUrl(), access_token); String result = send(requestUrl); //此部分用到了我们项目的工具类,整段复制本代码时,可以用以下代替
//JSONObject jsonObject = httpUtils.doGet(requestUrl) JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(result); return jsonObject; } //生成微信权限验证的参数 public Map<String, String> makeWXTicket(String jsApiTicket, String url) { Map<String, String> ret = new HashMap<String, String>(); String nonceStr = createNonceStr(); String timestamp = createTimestamp(); String string1; String signature = ""; //注意这里参数名必须全部小写,且必须有序 string1 = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsApiTicket + "&noncestr=" + nonceStr + "×tamp=" + timestamp + "&url=" + url; log.info("String1=====>" + string1); try { MessageDigest crypt = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1"); crypt.reset(); crypt.update(string1.getBytes("UTF-8")); signature = byteToHex(crypt.digest()); log.info("signature=====>" + signature); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { log.error("WeChatController.makeWXTicket=====Start"); log.error(e.getMessage(), e); log.error("WeChatController.makeWXTicket=====End"); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { log.error("WeChatController.makeWXTicket=====Start"); log.error(e.getMessage(), e); log.error("WeChatController.makeWXTicket=====End"); } ret.put("url", url); ret.put("jsapi_ticket", jsApiTicket); ret.put("nonceStr", nonceStr); ret.put("timestamp", timestamp); ret.put("signature", signature); ret.put("appid", weiXinProperties.getAppId()); return ret; } /** * 发送请求 * * @param url * @return * @throws Exception */ String send(String url) { return HttpClientTools.post(url); } //字节数组转换为十六进制字符串 private static String byteToHex(final byte[] hash) { Formatter formatter = new Formatter(); for (byte b : hash) { formatter.format("%02x", b); } String result = formatter.toString(); formatter.close(); return result; } //生成随机字符串 private static String createNonceStr() { return UUID.randomUUID().toString(); } //生成时间戳 private static String createTimestamp() { return Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000); }
4.引入share.js.要分享的页面
$(function(){ var url = location.href.split('#').toString();//url不能写死 $.ajax({ type : "post", url : "/user/login/getShareInfo", dataType : "json", async : false, data:{url:url}, success : function(data) { wx.config({ debug: false,////生产环境需要关闭debug模式 appId: data.appid,//appId通过微信服务号后台查看 timestamp: data.timestamp,//生成签名的时间戳 nonceStr: data.nonceStr,//生成签名的随机字符串 signature: data.signature,//签名 jsApiList: [//需要调用的JS接口列表 'checkJsApi',//判断当前客户端版本是否支持指定JS接口 'onMenuShareTimeline',//分享给好友 'onMenuShareAppMessage'//分享到朋友圈 ] }); }, error: function(xhr, status, error) { //alert(status); //alert(xhr.responseText); } }) });
5.在要分享的页面中引入,微信分享的核心js和share.js
<script type="text/javascript" src="/resources/js/jweixin-1.2.0.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/resources/js/share.js"></script>
6.在当前页面<script>中,此部分可以直接写到share.js中
/*分享代码*/ wx.ready(function() { // config信息验证后会执行ready方法,所有接口调用都必须在config接口获得结果之后,config是一个客户端的异步操作,所以如果需要在页面加载时就调用相关接口,则须把相关接口放在ready函数中调用来确保正确执行。对于用户触发时才调用的接口,则可以直接调用,不需要放在ready函数中。 console.log('weixin 验证成功'); // 分享到朋友圈 wx.onMenuShareTimeline({ title: detail_title, // 分享标题 link: link, // 分享链接,该链接域名或路径必须与当前页面对应的公众号JS安全域名一致 imgUrl: 'http://develop.fangxinyuesao.com/resources/images/logo.png', // 分享图标 success: function() { // 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数 }, cancel: function() { // 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数 } }); // 分享给朋友 wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({ title: detail_title, // 分享标题 desc: '来自妇幼头条的分享', // 分享描述 link: link, // 分享链接,该链接域名或路径必须与当前页面对应的公众号JS安全域名一致 imgUrl: 'http://develop.fangxinyuesao.com/resources/images/logo.png', // 分享图标 type: '', // 分享类型,music、video或link,不填默认为link dataUrl: '', // 如果type是music或video,则要提供数据链接,默认为空 success: function() { // 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数 }, cancel: function() { // 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数 } }); }); wx.error(function(res) { // config信息验证失败会执行error函数,如签名过期导致验证失败,具体错误信息可以打开config的debug模式查看,也可以在返回的res参数中查看,对于SPA可以在这里更新签名。 console.log('weixin 验证失败'); console.log(res); });
注意事项:分享要设置网站白名单,电脑端调试时,推荐使用微信WEB开发工具