Python学习笔记（26）Mock接口开发---flask模块
一、Mock接口开发
知识背景：1.在实际的测试工作中，可能会接入第三方接口，如支付一类，或者未完成开发的接口，此时需要通过模拟接口来实现
2.测试中可能有多个小组，A开发的项目需要使用B项目组的数据库权限，但A并不想给B数据库权限，可通过模拟接口来传递数据
使用模块：flask--------------------轻量级web开发框架，通过pip install flask来安装模块
import json
import flask
server = flask.Flask(__name__)#将本python文件作为一个服务
@server.route('/login',methods=['post','get'])#变成一个接口,methods支持的请求类型
def login():
username = flask.request.values.get('username')#获取入参，支持params和form-data格式
password = flask.request.values.get('password')#获取入参
# flask.request.is_json#判断请求是否为json
# flask.request.json_module.get('')#入参是json用这个
d = {'error_code':0,'msg':'登录成功','username':username,'password':password}
return json.dumps(d,ensure_ascii=False)#字典转换为json，并保留汉字
@server.route('/api/pay',methods=['get'])
def pay():
d = {'error_code':1,'msg':'支付成功'}
return json.dumps(d,ensure_ascii=False)
@server.route('/api/get_bill')
def get_bill():
table_list = ['app_user','czm']
table_name = flask.request.values.get('table_name')
limit = flask.request.values.get('limit',50)
if table_name and table_name in table_list:
sql = 'select *from %s limit %s'%(table_name,limit)
result = tool.op_mysql(sql)
data = {'error_code':0,'msg':'成功','data':result}
else:
data = {'error_code':-1,'msg':'没有权限查询该表'}
return json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False)
server.run(host='192.168.33.1',port=8000,debug=True)
#debug=True后，表示修改代码后，自动重启服务,run()方法启动服务，且run只能写一次
#结合数据库操作的两个实例
import flask #web轻量级的开发框架
import json
import hashlib
import pymysql
server = flask.Flask(__name__)
def op_mysql(sql,one_tag=False):
connect=pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',
user='jxz',
password='123456',
db='jxz',
port=3306,
charset='utf8',
autocommit=True
)
cursor = connect.cursor(pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
cursor.execute(sql)
if one_tag:
result = cursor.fetchone()
else:
result = cursor.fetchall()
cursor.close()
connect.close()
return result
@server.route('/api/payment')
def payment():
data = {"code":0,"msg":"支付成功","amount":30000}
return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False)
#
# @server.route('/api/login')
# def login():
# data = {"code":0,"msg":"登录成功"}
# return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False)
#结合数据库
@server.route('/register',methods=['post'])
def register():
username = flask.request.values.get('username')
password = flask.request.values.get('password')
cpwd = flask.request.values.get('cpwd')
sql = 'select * from app_myuser where username="%s";'%username
if username and password and cpwd:
if password != cpwd:
data = {'code':400,'msg':'两次输入密码不一致'}
elif op_mysql(sql):
data = {'code':401,'msg':'用户已存在'}
else:
password = hashlib.md5(password.encode()).hexdigest()#对密码进行MD5加密
insert_sql = 'insert into app_myuser (username,passwd) values ("%s","%s");'%(username,password)
op_mysql(insert_sql)
data = {'code':0,'msg':'注册成功'}
else:
data = {'code':400,'msg':'必填参数不能为空'}
return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False)
#结合数据库，写一个登陆接口
@server.route('/login',methods=['post'])
def login():
username = flask.request.values.get('username')
password = flask.request.values.get('password')
if username and password:
sql = 'select * from app_myuser where username = "%s";'%username
result = op_mysql(sql,True)
if result:
password = hashlib.md5(password.encode()).hexdigest()#对密码MD5加密
if password == result.get('passwd'):
data = {'code':0,'msg':'登陆成功'}
else:
data = {'code':403,'msg':'账户/密码错误！'}
else:
data = {'code':401,'msg':'用户不存在'}
else:
data = {'code':401,'msg':'参数不能为空'}
return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False)
server.run(host ='0.0.0.0',port=9999,debug=True)
代码优化：为login接口添加token
import time
import flask #web轻量级的开发框架
import json
import hashlib
import pymysql
import redis
server = flask.Flask(__name__)
def op_redis(key,value=None,expire=60*60*2):
r =redis.Redis(host='127.0.0.1',password='H3r44^%*',decode_responses=True)
if value:
r.set(key,value,expire)
else:
r.get(key)
def MD5(s,salt='238tew@#'):#定义一个加盐MD5加密方法
s = str(s) + salt
result = hashlib.md5(s.encode()).hexdigest()
return result
def op_mysql(sql,one_tag=False):
connect=pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',
user='jxz',
password='123456',
db='jxz',
port=3306,
charset='utf8',
autocommit=True
)
cursor = connect.cursor(pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
cursor.execute(sql)
if one_tag:
result = cursor.fetchone()
else:
result = cursor.fetchall()
cursor.close()
connect.close()
return result
#结合数据库，写一个登陆接口
@server.route('/login',methods=['post'])
def login():
username = flask.request.values.get('username')
password = flask.request.values.get('password')
if username and password:
sql = 'select * from app_myuser where username = "%s";'%username
result = op_mysql(sql,True)
if result:
token = MD5(str(time.time()) + username)#token采用当前时间戳+username 后进行MD5加密后的数据
info = {'username':username,'id':result.get('id')}#token对应的key和value
op_redis(token,json.dumps(info))
password = MD5(password)#对密码MD5加密
if password == result.get('passwd'):
data = {'code':0,'msg':'登陆成功','token':token}
else:
data = {'code':403,'msg':'账户/密码错误！'}
else:
data = {'code':401,'msg':'用户不存在'}
else:
data = {'code':401,'msg':'参数不能为空'}
return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False)
优化：使用flask_cores模块配置支持跨越访问：
1 import flask 2 from flask_cors import CORS 3 4 server = flask.Flask(__name__) 5 CORS(server, supports_credentials=True) #初始化加载配置，支持跨越访问 6 7 server.config['JSON_AS_ASCII'] = False #配置json不被序列化为ascii,即保留中文 8 9 10 @server.route("/api/info", methods=["get", "put", "post", "delete"]) 11 def info(): 12 print(flask.request.args) 13 if flask.request.method == "GET": 14 data = {"code": 0, "msg": "操作成功", "data": {"roles": ["qa"], "avatar": "https://wpimg.wallstcn.com/f778738c-e4f8-4870-b634-56703b4acafe.gif", "name": "12320202020", "introduction": "1234@qq.com", "user": 1}} 15 else: 16 data = { 17 "code": 0, 18 "msg": "成功" 19 } 20 return flask.jsonify(data) # 相当于json-dumps,将字典转换为json字符串
只要在同一个局域网内，浏览器通过ip:port/....形式来访问接口
