重新认识数据库的链接查询
来自:https://blog.csdn.net/lukabruce/article/details/80568796
【注意】:Oracle数据库支持full join,mysql是不支持full join的,但仍然可以同过左外连接+ union+右外连接实现
查看mysql的版本;
select version();
初始化SQL语句:
drop table if exists t1; create table t1 (id int not null,name1 varchar(20)); insert into t1 values (1,'t1a'); insert into t1 values (2,'t1b'); insert into t1 values (3,'t1c'); insert into t1 values (4,'t1d'); insert into t1 values (5,'t1f'); drop table if exists t2; create table t2 (id int not null,name2 varchar(20)); insert into t2 values (2,'t2b'); insert into t2 values (3,'t2c'); insert into t2 values (4,'t2d'); insert into t2 values (5,'t2f'); insert into t2 values (6,'t2a')
1、笛卡尔积
两表关联,把左表的列和右表的列通过笛卡尔积的形式表达出来。
select * from t1 join t2;
select * from t1 cross join t2;
2、左连接
两表关联,左表全部保留,右表关联不上用null表示。
select * from t1 left join t2 on t1.id = t2.id;
3、右连接
右表全部保留,左表关联不上的用null表示。
select * from t1 right join t2 on t1.id = t2.id;
4、内连接
两表关联,保留两表中交集的记录。
select * from t1 join t2 on t1.id = t2.id; select * from t1 inner join t2 on t1.id = t2.id;
5、左表独有
两表关联,查询左表独有的数据。
select * from t1 left join t2 on t1.id = t2.id where t2.id is null;
6、右表独有
两表关联,查询右表独有的数据。
select * from t1 right join t2 on t1.id = t2.id where t1.id is null;
7、全连接
两表关联,查询它们的所有记录。
oracle里面有full join,但是在mysql中没有full join。我们可以使用union来达到目的。
mysql: select * from t1 left join t2 on t1.id = t2.id union select * from t1 right join t2 on t1.id = t2.id; oracle: select * from t1 full join t2 on t1.id = t2.id
8、并集去交集
两表关联,取并集然后去交集。
select * from t1 left join t2 on t1.id = t2.id where t2.id is null union select * from t1 right join t2 on t1.id = t2.id where t1.id is null;