centos6.5 源码安装 mysql
1、下载源码包
我的版本：mysql-5.6.4-m7.tar.gz
2、安装之前先卸载CentOS自带的MySQL
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove mysql
3、编译安装cmake
可以直接 yum install cmake
下载cmake源码包：http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz
4、如果是在windows下下载的自己想办法提交到服务器上（ftp、或者svn都行）
然后放到 /usr/local 目录下 如果熟练的话可以根据个人创建一个目录来专门存放源码包的
5、解压安装cmake
[root@localhost usr]# tar xzvf cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost usr]# cd cmake-2.8.12.2
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.12.2]# ./bootstrap
---------------------------------------------
CMake2.8.12.2, Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc.
---------------------------------------------
Error when bootstrapping CMake:
Cannot find appropriate C compiler on this system.
Please specify one using environment variable CC.
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted.
---------------------------------------------
Log of errors: /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.12.2/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log
---------------------------------------------
报错：缺少C的编译器
解决办法：安装gcc编译器
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc
继续安装Cmake
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.12.2]# ./bootstrap
---------------------------------------------
CMake 2.8.4, Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc.
C compiler on this system is: cc
---------------------------------------------
Error when bootstrapping CMake:
Cannot find appropriate C++ compiler on this system.
Please specify one using environment variable CXX.
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted.
---------------------------------------------
Log of errors: /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.4/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log
---------------------------------------------
报错：缺少C++编译器
解决办法：安装gcc-c++编译器
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc-c++
再次安装
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.12.2]# ./bootstrap
没有报错，编译安装
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.12.2]# gmake
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.12.2]# gmake install
4.正式开始安装MySQL
添加MySQL用户和用户组
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
MySQL源码包从共享文件夹移至/usr并解压
[root@localhost ~]# mv /home/user/mysql-5.6.4.tar.gz /usr/mysql-5.6.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost usr]# tar xzvf mysql-5.6.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost usr]# cd mysql-5.6.4
Cmake运行
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DINSTALL_SHAREDIR=share
开始编译安装
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# make && make install
进入安装目录，将程序二进制的所有权改为root，数据目录的说有权改为mysql用户，更新授权表
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql .
[root@localhost mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .
[root@localhost mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
注：在启动MySQL服务时，会按照一定次序搜索my.cnf，先在/etc目录下找，找不到则会搜索"$basedir/my.cnf"，在本例中就是 /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf，这是新版MySQL的配置文件的默认位置！注意：在CentOS 6.4版操作系统的最小安装完成后，在/etc目录下会存在一个my.cnf，需要将此文件更名为其他的名字，如：/etc/my.cnf.bak，否则，该文件会干扰源码安装的MySQL的正确配置，造成无法启动。
安全启动MySQL(默认密码为空)
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql&
source /etc/profile
报错：
120908 00:16:25 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS.err'.
120908 00:16:26 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
解决方法：
[root@CentOS ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@CentOS data]# ls -l
总用量 29744
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql root 1585 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.err
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.pid
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 9月 8 00:16 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile1
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 mysql
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 27293 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1031892 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 107 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.000003
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 57 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.index
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 performance_schema
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:08 test
[root@CentOS data]# chgrp -R mysql CentOS.err
[root@CentOS data]# ls -l
总用量 29736
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1585 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.err
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.pid
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 9月 8 00:16 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile1
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 mysql
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 27293 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1031892 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 107 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.000003
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 57 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.index
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 performance_schema
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:08 test
配置用户
MySQL启动成功后，root默认没有密码，我们需要设置root密码。
设置之前，我们需要先设置PATH，要不不能直接调用mysql
修改/etc/profile文件，在文件末尾添加
[root@localhost mysql]#vi /etc/profile
复制代码代码如下:
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
export PATH
关闭文件，运行下面的命令，让配置立即生效
复制代码代码如下:
[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile
连接本机MySQL
[root@localhost mysql]#mysql –u root –p
提示输入password，默认为空，按Enter即可
断开连接
mysql>exit;
为root账户设置密码
[root@localhost mysql]# mysqladmin -u root password 123456
Enter Password:123456
设置选项文件，将配置文件拷贝到/etc下
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/mysql.cnf
设置开机自启动
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysql on
通过服务来启动和关闭Mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysql start
[root@localhost ~]# service mysql stop
5.安装设置完毕，之后使用只需启动-连接-断开-关闭，命令如下：
[root@CentOS mysql]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.. [确定]
[root@CentOS mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.22 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.07 sec)
mysql> exit;
Bye
[root@CentOS mysql]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL. [确定]
6.其它：
查看进程命令 ps –ef|grep mysqld
kill进程命令 kill –9 进程号
编译mysql出现CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:83 (MESSAGE)
-- Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:83 (MESSAGE):
Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package,
remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is
libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
cmake/readline.cmake:127 (FIND_CURSES)
cmake/readline.cmake:217 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)
CMakeLists.txt:257 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
该报错原因是未安装ncurses-devel，运行下面命令
第一步：安装
#yum -y install ncurses-devel
第二步：删除CMakeCache.txt
通过find命令找到所有CMakeCache.txt文档的位置
#find / -name CMakeCache.txt
然后全部删除：
# rm -rf /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.6/Tests/Complex/Cache/CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.6/Tests/ComplexOneConfig/Cache/CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.6/Tests/ComplexRelativePaths/Cache/CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.18/CMakeCache.txt
解决方法：
1. 改表法。
可能是你的帐号不允许从远程登陆，只能在localhost。这个时候只要在localhost的那台电脑，登入mysql后，更改 "mysql" 数据库里的 "user" 表里的 "host" 项，从"localhost"改称"%"
mysql -u root -pvmwaremysql>use mysql; www.2cto.com
mysql>update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
mysql>select host, user from user;
2. 授权法。
例如，你想myuser使用mypassword从任何主机连接到mysql服务器的话。
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
如果你想允许用户myuser从ip为192.168.1.6的主机连接到mysql服务器，并使用mypassword作为密码
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'192.168.1.3' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION; www.2cto.com
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
如果你想允许用户myuser从ip为192.168.1.6的主机连接到mysql服务器的dk数据库，并使用mypassword作为密码
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON dk.* TO 'myuser'@'192.168.1.3' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
在Mysql集群中创建用户时、出现如下错误！
mysql> create user 'testuse'@'localhost' identified by '111111';
ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement
解决办法：
在命令行输入：mysql> flush privileges;
