Java中的多线程

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多线程是一种Java功能,允许并发执行程序的两个或多个部分,以最大限度地利用CPU。这种程序的每个部分都称为线程。因此,线程是一个过程中的轻量级进程。

可以使用两种机制创建线程:

  1. 扩展Thread类
  2. 实现Runnable接口
  3. 通过Callable和Future创建线程

Java创建线程的方法

通过扩展Thread类创建线程

创建线程我们创建一个扩展java.lang.Thread类的类。此类重写Thread类中可用的run()方法。线程在run()方法中开始生命。我们创建了一个新类的对象,并调用start()方法来开始执行一个线程。Start()调用Thread对象上的run()方法。

// Java code for thread creation by extending
// the Thread class
class MultithreadingDemo extends Thread
{
    public void run()
    {
        try
        {
            // Displaying the thread that is running
            System.out.println ("Thread " +
                  Thread.currentThread().getId() +
                  " is running");
 
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            // Throwing an exception
            System.out.println ("Exception is caught");
        }
    }
}
 
// Main Class
public class Multithread
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int n = 8; // Number of threads
        for (int i=0; i<8; i++)
        {
            MultithreadingDemo object = new MultithreadingDemo();
            object.start();
        }
    }
}

输出:

Thread 8 is running
Thread 9 is running
Thread 10 is running
Thread 11 is running
Thread 12 is running
Thread 13 is running
Thread 14 is running
Thread 15 is running

通过实现Runnable接口创建线程

创建线程我们创建了一个新类,它实现了java.lang.Runnable接口并覆盖了run()方法。然后我们实例化一个Thread对象并在该对象上调用start()方法。

// Java code for thread creation by implementing
// the Runnable Interface
class MultithreadingDemo implements Runnable
{
    public void run()
    {
        try
        {
            // Displaying the thread that is running
            System.out.println ("Thread " +
                                Thread.currentThread().getId() +
                                " is running");
 
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            // Throwing an exception
            System.out.println ("Exception is caught");
        }
    }
}
 
// Main Class
class Multithread
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int n = 8; // Number of threads
        for (int i=0; i<8; i++)
        {
            Thread object = new Thread(new MultithreadingDemo());
            object.start();
        }
    }
}

输出:

Thread 8 is running
Thread 9 is running
Thread 10 is running
Thread 11 is running
Thread 12 is running
Thread 13 is running
Thread 14 is running
Thread 15 is running

线程类与Runnable接口

1.如果我们扩展Thread类,我们的类不能扩展任何其他类,因为Java不支持多重继承。但是,如果我们实现Runnable接口,我们的类仍然可以扩展其他基类。

2.我们可以通过扩展Thread类来实现线程的基本功能,因为它提供了一些内置的方法,如yield(),interrupt()等在Runnable接口中不可用。

Java多线程的相关章节

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posted on 2020-07-05 10:55  MrAit  阅读(145)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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