Java中的生产者、消费者问题描述:
生产者-消费者(producer-consumer)问题, 也称作有界缓冲区(bounded-buffer)问题, 两个进程共享一个公共的固定大小的缓冲区(仓库). 其中一个是生产者, 用于将产品放入仓库: 另外一个是消费者, 用于从仓库中取出产品消费. 问题出现在当仓库已经满了, 而此时生产者还想向其中放入一个新的产品的情形, 其解决方法是让生产者此时进行等待, 等待消费者从仓库中取走了一个或者多个产品后再去唤醒它. 同样地, 当仓库已经空了, 而消费者还想去仓库消费产品, 此时也可以让消费者进行等待, 等待生产者放入一个或者多个产品时再唤醒它.
生产者、消费者问题需明确以下信息:
1、生产者仅仅在仓储未满时候生产, 仓满则停止生产.
2、生产者在生产出可消费产品时候, 应该通知等待的消费者去消费.
3、消费者仅仅在仓储有产品时候才能消费, 仓空则等待.
4、消费者发现仓储没产品可消费时候会通知生产者生产.
Demo:
public class ProducerConsumer { public static void main(String[] args){ SynStack ss = new SynStack(); Producer p = new Producer(ss); Consumer c = new Consumer(ss); Thread p1 = new Thread(p); Thread c1 = new Thread(c); p1.start(); c1.start(); } } class Bread { int id; public Bread(int id) { this.id = id; } @Override public String toString() { return "Bread: "+ id; } } class SynStack { Bread bread[] = new Bread[6]; int index = 0; public synchronized void pushBread(Bread bre){ while(index == bread.length){ try { this.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } this.notify(); bread[index] = bre; index++; } public synchronized Bread popBread() { while(index == 0){ try { this.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } this.notify(); index--; return bread[index]; } } class Producer implements Runnable{ SynStack ss = null; Producer(SynStack ss){ this.ss = ss; } @Override public void run() { for(int i=0;i<20;i++){ Bread bread = new Bread(i); ss.pushBread(bread); System.out.println("后厨生产了:"+bread); } } } class Consumer implements Runnable{ SynStack ss = null; Consumer(SynStack ss){ this.ss = ss; } @Override public void run() { for(int i=0;i<20;i++){ Bread bread = ss.popBread(); System.out.println("顾客消费了:"+bread); try { Thread.sleep((int)(Math.random()*100)); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
某次运行结果:
后厨生产了:Bread: 0
后厨生产了:Bread: 1
后厨生产了:Bread: 2
顾客消费了:Bread: 0
后厨生产了:Bread: 3
后厨生产了:Bread: 4
后厨生产了:Bread: 5
后厨生产了:Bread: 6
顾客消费了:Bread: 6
后厨生产了:Bread: 7
顾客消费了:Bread: 7
后厨生产了:Bread: 8
后厨生产了:Bread: 9
顾客消费了:Bread: 8
顾客消费了:Bread: 9
后厨生产了:Bread: 10
顾客消费了:Bread: 10
后厨生产了:Bread: 11
顾客消费了:Bread: 11
后厨生产了:Bread: 12
顾客消费了:Bread: 12
后厨生产了:Bread: 13
顾客消费了:Bread: 13
后厨生产了:Bread: 14
顾客消费了:Bread: 14
后厨生产了:Bread: 15
顾客消费了:Bread: 15
后厨生产了:Bread: 16
顾客消费了:Bread: 16
后厨生产了:Bread: 17
顾客消费了:Bread: 17
后厨生产了:Bread: 18
顾客消费了:Bread: 18
后厨生产了:Bread: 19
顾客消费了:Bread: 19
顾客消费了:Bread: 5
顾客消费了:Bread: 4
顾客消费了:Bread: 3
顾客消费了:Bread: 2
顾客消费了:Bread: 1